Topic outline
TEACHING METHODS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION ECE01
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT : TEACHING METHODS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
OPTION: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
DURATION : 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS:
1) Write your names and index number on the answer the booklet as they appear on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional sheets of paper if provided.
2) Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
3) This paper consists of TWO sections: A and B.
Section A: Attempt ALL questions. (60marks)
Section B: Attempt only three questions. (40marks)
4) Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: Attempt all questions in this section (60marks)
1. Answer “True” for a correct statement or “False for a wrong statement.(20marks)
a) Thematic approach helps children relate basic academic skills to real world.
b) It becomes difficult to children to make sense of what they are being taught when the thematic approach is used because content areas are integrated and not made to stand alone.
c) Thematic approach is not recommended because thematic units don’t help teachers to teach students using different learning styles.
d) Thematic approach is only successful where the teacher does the most teaching /learning.
e) Science concepts help learners’ comprehension in language lessons.
f) Subjects teaching approach is more recommended than Thematic Approach in relation to building transferable life skills.
g) Learning experiences which are relevant to the student, interest matters a lot in Thematic Approach.
h) Comprehension in science classes is quite different from comprehension in language classes, as far as Thematic Approach is concerned.
i) Integrated Curriculum is a barrier to increased student performance.
j) In Thematic Approach, there is no clear cut between different subjects.
2. Discuss any five hints to the parents to boost children’s reading and writing ability. 20marks) 3. Provide at least five reasons of having learning corners in ECDE centers. (20marks)
SECTION B: Attempt any 2 questions in this section (40marks)
4. Discuss the strategies that a pre-primary teacher may use to promote positive attitudes in learning among children. (20marks)
5. Discuss any four activities a teacher can use to develop mathematical concepts in young children. (20marks)
6. Thematic approach is recommended in pre- school teaching. Outline any ten benefits of thematically teaching young children. (20marks)
FOUNDATIONS EARLYCHILDHOOD EDUCATION ECE02
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT : FOUNDATIONS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
OPTION: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
DURATION : 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS:
1) Write your names and index number as they appear on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional sheets of paper if provided.
2) Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
3) This paper consists of TWO sections A and B.
Section A: Attempt ALL questions. (55marks)
Section B: Attempt Only Three Questions. (45marks)
4) Use blue or black pen.
SECTION A: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS
A1. Choose and write the letter that corresponds to the right answer
1. The following is a picture or a pattern made by placing together
small pieces of glass, stones: (3marks)
a) Doodling.
b) Mosaic.
c) Collage.
d) Scribbling
2. Before developing the learning materials, the teacher does not consider the following: (3marks)
a) Age of the learner
b) Interest of the child
c) Ability of the children
d) Parents of the children
3. Which one of the following art skills that is the foundation for drawing and writing? (3marks)
a) Scribbling
b) Manipulation
c) Sorting
d) Classification
4. The following concept best explains the use of available materials when the required materials are not available or accessible. (3marks)
a) Collection
b) Production
c) Improvisation
d) Donation
5. Which type of play is not a good example of social play? (3marks)
a) Solitary play
b) Constructive play
c) Onlooker play
d) Cooperative play
6. The infant is born with the following reflexes which help him/her to breastfeed except one: (3marks)
a) Rooting reflex
b) Sucking reflex
c) Swallowing reflex
d) Babinski reflex
7. The following are various reasons of adoption except one: (3marks)
a) Homelessness
b) Disability
c) The witness of domestic violence
d) Neglect
8. The following is the process of ensuring that funds are sufficient and efficient for a task. (3marks)
a) Resource management
b) Financial management
c) School management
d) ECD center management
9. Free play activities are also termed: (3marks)
a) structured play activities
b) unstructured play activities
c) dramatic play activities
d) adult directed activities
10. Children use their senses to develop new knowledge and increase their ideas. One of the The following techniques is much closer to this statement. (3marks)
a) role play
b) group discussion
c) discovery and exploration
d) learning in corners
11. Activities of running, playing football, jumping, kicking are classified as: (3marks)
a) fine and gross activities
b) gross motor activities
c) fine motor activities
d) none of the above
12. The following statements highlight the importance of learning corners in classroom, except one: (3marks)
a) learning corners arouse children’s interest, curiosity and stimulate learning
b) they help children to focus on a single subject at time
c) they reinforce what children have learnt
d) they help children to use multiple senses in learning
13. Which of the following skill is most developed through story telling? (3marks)
a) Grammar
b) Speaking in public
c) Spelling
d) Writing
14. According to Piaget, which of the following stages of cognitive development coincides with pre-primary education? (3marks)
a) Concrete operational stage
b) Formal operational stage
c) Pre-operational stage
d) Sensory-motor stage
15. Which one of the following is not a responsibility of parents in ECE? (3marks)
a) Ensure birth registration
b) Meet the survival needs of the child
c) Support parents’ effort in providing for holistic needs of children
d) Provide early stimulation for the future development of the child
A2. Compulsory open question
16. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate word. (5marks)
a) ……………………..is an organ that sustains the foetus by allowing oxygen and nutrients from mother’s blood across a semi-permeable membrane to
the foetus.
b) The first two weeks following fertilization is referred to as ………………………….
c) When held horizontally on their stomach, their legs and arms stretch out …………………………….
d) When the baby is touched near the corner of the mouth will turn the head toward the stimulus ……………………………
e) ………………….refers to the change in body proportion
17. Match up the terms in list A with those of list B. (5marks)
A
B
a) Development
1.The child’s desire for being independent and work on his own
b) Maturation
2. Loss or reduction of functional ability of body part due to impairment
c) Impairment
3.The need for maximizing one’s potentials and talents
d) Disability
4.Loss or damage of body part due to accident or congenital factors
e) Opposition crisis
5.Qualitative and quantitative change of human being
SECTION B: ATTEMPT ONLY THREE QUESTIONS (45marks)
18. Describe any five factors that positively influences children’s brain development. (15marks)
19. According to Piaget, sensori-motor stage of cognitive development has 6 sub- stages, explain them. (15marks)
20. Explain any five roles of a caregiver when children are engaged in play. (15marks)
Q21. a) Identify five types of resources in the management of an ECD Centre. (7.5marks)
b) Outline five common accidents for children. (7.5marks)
FOUNDATIONS EARLYCHILDHOOD EDUCATION ECE03
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS
OPTION: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (ECE)
DURATION: 3hours
TOTAL MARKS: 100
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration
form, and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.
2. Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
- This examination paper is composed of two sections:
SECTION A: Attempt all questions /55marks
SECTION B: Attempt any THREE (3) questions /45marks
- Show your working.
- Don’t write anything on this questionnaire
- Use
where needed
SECTION A: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS: (55marks)
1. Write true or false. (5marks)
a) An exponential function is neither odd nor even.
b) The sign of first derivative of a given function f informs you on the intervals where f(x) is positive, negative or equals to zero.
c) All polynomial functions are periodic functions.
d) The horizontal asymptote is a particular case of oblique asymptote.
e) The matrix multiplication is always commutative.
2. Solve in the field of real number
a)
(3marks)b)
(3marks) b)
(3marks) c)
(3marks)3. The marks obtained out of 30 of a certain class in mathematics subject are:
10 13 15 10 13 15 10 15 17 17
20 21 23 20 23 20 23 24 24 24
a) Construct the frequency table of this distribution (4marks)
b) Calculate the mean (2marks)
c) Calculate the median (2marks)
d) Calculate the range (2marks)
4.
a) Find the value of
has an arithmetic mean
of 20. Find the mode and median. (4marks)
b) Factorise and solve the equation:
(4marks) 5. Simplify the following:
a)
(4marks) b)
(4marks)6. Given the function
a) Determine its domain of definition. (1mark)
b) Calculate the limits at boundaries of the domain of definition. (4marks)
c) Determine the set of points where
is
discontinuous and hence discuss the kind or type of discontinuity for each point. (2marks)
7.
a) Show that:
(4marks)b) Solve in
(4marks)SECTION B: ATTEMPT ANY THREE QUESTIONS/ 45marks
8.
a) Given the data of numbers:
find:i) The mode, the median, mean and the standard deviation of the data.
ii) The coefficient of variation. (8marks)
b) Suppose
is between
i) Find
.ii) Calculate
. (4marks) c) Is the sequence
increasing or decreasing? Explain why? Calculate
(3marks) 9.
a) Determine the real k such that the equation
has
i) One double root;
ii) No real roots.
iii) Two distinct real roots. (6marks)
b) A rectangle of 12cm2 area is inscribed in the right triangle with legs of length 6cm and 8cm.
What are the dimensions of the rectangle?(3marks)
c) Solve in
(3marks)d) Find the simple interest of 600,000Rwf kept for 9 months in a bank that offers an interest rate of 12% per year. (3marks)
10. a) Given the following system of equations
(7marks) i) Write down the system in matrix form
(1mark) ii) Find the determinant of A. (3marks)
iii) Is A singular or non-singular matrix? Why? (2marks)
iv) Write the transpose
of the matrix
(1mark)b) Consider the arithmetic series for which
if the sum of the n first terms of the series is 378, Find the first term
and the value of n. Evaluate the value of
. (4marks)
c) Evaluate the following limits
(4marks) 11.
a) Two angles are complementary.
Find their values in degrees if they are in the ratio 3:5 (4marks)
b) A cylindrical tank of height 10m contains a certain liquid of volumetric weight 8000N/m3.
Calculate the force exerted by this liquid at the bottom of a container of radius 4m. (5marks)
c) Given the polynomial P(x) of degree 3 such that P(0) = 7, P(1)=P(-1)=2 and P(2)=-1.
Find the polynomial P(x) (6marks)
12.
a)The ratio of the greater angle between diagonals of a rectangle to the smaller angle is 2:1 and
then, find the ratio of sides a to b. If one side, find its area. (4marks)
b) Consider the function
Determine the values of constants a and b so that
. (4marks) c) Compute the first derivative of the following functions
i)
(4marks)d) Find the sum
(3marks)
INTERGRATED SCIENCE ECE04
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT: INTEGRATED SCIENCE
OPTION: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
DURATION: 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS:
1) Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as they appear on
your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional sheets
of paper if provided.
2) Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
3) This paper consists of TWO sections: A and B.
Section A: Attempt ALL questions. (55marks)
Section B: Attempt only Three questions. (45marks)
4) Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: Attempt all questions in this section (55 Marks)
1) An electron moves in a circular path of radius 1 x10-10m at a constant speed of 2.0 x 106 m/s.
a) What is the period of its orbital motion? (2marks)
b) What is its centripetal acceleration? (2marks)
2) a) State “Boyle’s law”. (2marks)
b) A volume of 100m3 of hydrogen is compressed at a constant temperature until its pressure rises from 84cm of mercury to 120cm of mercury.
What is the final volume of the hydrogen? (3marks)
3) Find the nature and the position of the image formed by a converging lens with a focal
length of 100 cm when the object is at 120 cm from the lens. Draw a ray diagram. [5marks]
4) A lamp which uses the current of 0.5A is connected under a potential difference of 120 V.
a) How much energy is consumed by the lamp in 4 hours (in joules)? (3marks)
b) How much money is required to pay for the energy consumed in 4 hours by the lamp?
(Price of 1 kwh is 50 Frw). (2marks)
8 a) Complete the following table of invertebrates: (3marks)
Animal
Class
Excretory structure
Earthworm
Bees
Spider
b) What are the different castes of bees found in the hive? (3marks)
9) In a population of cats, tabby is dominant over black. Tabby and black cats were crossed
and their offsprings were 68 tabby and 68 black.
a) Determine the genotypes of the parents. (2marks)
b) Give a detailed explanation of the equal number obtained in the offsprings. (4marks)
10) a) What are the roles of “insulin” and “glucagon” in homeostasis? (2marks)
b) Name the carbohydrate that is stored in:
(i) human blood (1mark)
(ii) mammalian muscles (1mark)
c) Complete the following sentences:
(i) ………….. are vessels that carry blood back to the heart. (1mark)
(ii) ………… are tiny blood vessels which are the sites for the transfer of oxygen and
other nutrients from the blood stream to other tissues in the body. (1mark)
SECTION B: Attempt any three questions in this section /45 marks
11) a) Differentiate between “alternating current” from “direct current”. (5marks)
b) A 0.2H inductor of resistance 80 ohms is connected in series with a 420 ohms resistor and a 240 V-50 Hz AC power supply.
Find:
i) the current in the circuit. (5marks)
ii) the phase angle between the applied voltage and the current. (5marks)
12) a) A charge Q acts as a point charge to create an electric field in the vacuum. Its strength, measured a distance of 30 cm away is 40N/C.
i) Calculate the charge Q. (4marks)
ii) What is the magnitude of electric field strength that you would expect to measure at a distance of 60 cm? (3marks)
b) What is meant by “critical angle”? (5marks)
c) Given a pair of media: water (n=1.33)-glass (n=1.5).Calculate the critical angle. (3marks)
14. a) Study the following figure and answer the questions related to it.
(i) What does the above figure represent? (1mark)
(ii) Name the parts labeled as A, B, C, D and E. (5marks)
b) State the function of the parts labeled as B, C and E. (3marks)
(i) Outline the adaptations of a sperm cell to its function. (3marks)
(ii) What is the purpose of genetic counseling? (2marks)
(iii) What are the limitations of genetic counseling? (1mark)
SOCIAL STUDIES ECE05
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT: SOCIAL STUDIES
OPTION: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
DURATION: 3 Hours
TOTAL MARKS: 100
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form, and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.
2. Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
3. This examination paper is composed of three sections:
SECTION A: Attempt all questions (20marks)
SECTION B: Attempt all questions (60marks)
SECTION C: Attempt any three (3) questions (20marks)
- Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: Answer all questions (20marks)
1. Choose the wrong answer from the following alternatives. (2marks)
a) Folding refers to the fracturing of the crystal rocks.
b) Folding is the process through which the crystal rocks bend slowly over a long period of time.
c) Folding is caused by tangential compressive forces.
d) Folding is formed when the rock is displaced upward.
2. Choose the wrong answer from the following alternatives. (4marks)
a) Igneous rocks are formed as a result of cooling and solidification of molten rocks called magma when it is ejected into and onto the earth’s crust.
b) Sedimentary rocks are generally formed due to changes in the form of sedimentary and igneous rocks.
c) Metamorphic rocks are formed by deposition and compactnesss of weathered particles
d) Sedimentary rocks have different layers or strata with different types of materials.
3. Choose the right answer from the following: (2marks)
a) Cooperative farming is characterized by collective ownership of resources.
b) The bush fallowing is characterized by a regular exploitation of plots without letting them under fallow.
c) Shifting cultivation is done using modern tools where machines and tractors shift from one plot to another.
d) Plantation agriculture is done on small scale areas and only unskilled labour is needed.
4. Answer “TRUE” if the statement is correct and “FALSE” if the statement is wrong.
(6marks)
a) Pyramids were used as burial sites for all dead Egyptian citizens as well as worship places.
b) The Greek philosophy tried to find answers to common questions such as the nature of the universe and the purpose of life.
c) Late middle ages were characterized by the urbanization of Europe and intellectual revival.
d) Since 1945, the government of Germany was planned to be governed by the Allied control council with the head quarter in Berlin.
e) The diverse nature of the USA population from different origins and backgrounds (British, Chinese, French, Indians, Jews, Arabs, Africans among others gave an advantage to USA to become a superpower country.
f) French revolution introduced the church control over land whereby the Catholic Church was authorized to have access to any piece of land of its choice.
5. Answer with “RIGHT” for a correct statement or “WRONG” for a wrong statement.
(6marks)
a. Pyrethrum is used in manufacturing pesticides and insecticides.
b. River channel refers to the bottom of the river.
c. Intermittent River is a river with water flowing in its channel throughout the year without stopping flowing at times.
d. The capitalist and the labouring classes were initially created by the Industrial Revolution whereby the capitalists were the masters of industries and the managers of mills.
e. Participation of the people in the election of their leaders is one of the democratic means in a state like Rwanda.
f.The Europeans introduced a barter system in Africa which replaced a currency system which was in place.
Section B: Attempt all questions (35marks)
6. Identify any two examples to prove that the earth has a spherical shape. (4marks)
7. Give any two factors that influence the climate of Rwanda. (4marks)
8. Mention any two economic benefits gained from mining activities. (3marks)
9. Mention any two contributions of missionaries in the colonization of Africa. (4marks)
10. What local and national time will it be in the city located at longitude 35° west if it is at 9.00 a.m in the city situated on longitude 50° east? (4marks)
11. State any two advantages of land use consolidation farming. (4marks)
12. Identify any two factors which facilitated Hitler to rise to power in Germany in 1933.
(4marks)
13.Give the name of the last King of Rwandan Kingdom and the first President of the Republic of Rwanda(4marks)
14. Mention two types of temperate grasslands along with their spatial locations.(4marks)
Section C: Attempt any three (3) questions (45marks)
15. (a) Name three African countries which were colonized by Germany. (3 marks)
(b) Discuss three positive effects of colonization on Africa . (6marks)
(c) Discuss three negative effects of colonization on Africa. (6marks)
16. (a) Differentiate between “weather” and “climate”. (4marks)
(b) Describe different types of rainfall. (6marks)
(c) Name the instruments used to measures: atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, sunshine, rainfall, wind speed.(5marks)
17. Indicate three effects of French revolution on:
(a) France. (6marks)
(b) Europe. (6marks)
(c) The Roman Catholic Church. (3marks)
18. Describe eight effects brought about by the industrial revolution. (15marks)
19. (a) Explain all factors influencing soil formation. (10marks)
(b) Explain 5 types of soil erosion. (5marks)
ENGLISH ENG01
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT: ENGLISH
OPTION: - SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION (TSS)
- SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (TSM)
- EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (ECE)
DURATION: 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS:
1) Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form, and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.
2) Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
3) This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C
Section A: Reading comprehension and vocabulary (30marks)
Section B: Grammar and phonology (30marks)
Section C: Composition (20marks)
4) Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: READING COMPREHENSION AND VOCABULARY (30 marks)
BACK - NESTLING
Many African mothers carry their babies on their backs. Sometimes these mothers have no other alternative. Many do so out of preference. This is a custom which has its disadvantages when overdone. People in Asian, South America and some other parts of the world also carry their babies on their backs, but not in quite the same way the Africans do. Others carry their babies on their backs but African mothers really nestle their babies on their backs. In some instances, such babies spend more hours on the back than off it.
The back is a warm and safe place for the baby and it also keeps him in close contact with the mother or whoever is carrying him. This makes for a strong sense of security. When a mother has the problem of no baby – sister, it is a way out. For the trader or market woman, who is out all day, it is a way of keeping the baby and mother together. Some people, especially the older generation, believe that when a child has fever, this is an advantage in back – nestling him because with the child in that position, you can notice any changes quickly. For instance, if the child suddenly goes into fits of convulsion, you will become aware of it right away.
However, as in all aspects of life, too much of any good thing can be harmful. In order that all or any advantage may be gained from back – nestling, it should not be overdone. Even in the cases of women who must carry their babies with them everywhere, they should be encouraged to set their babies free every time they have the opportunity and they need to use their limbs. During the very hot months, the less of it done, the better for the mother and the child. Back – nestling can be wonderful, but do it only when it is necessary.
Back – nestling, while being a most natural solution sometimes, also has its drawbacks. For a baby who is in that position all the time, life soon becomes very stifling, especially when he gets to this interesting stage of active movement. It is natural for a baby to want to get around, and do the things demanded of him for development, but he cannot do this when he is all strapped up. As a result of being confined to one position, his range of perception is limited.
Even in a case where the mother is on the move, such as when she is walking along, the baby cannot observe as well as retain much because his powers of focusing and concentration are not developed yet, and therefore, his powers of observation are also limited. The market women who carry their babies with them everywhere have no satisfactory alternatives. One can only hope that they try to give their babies as much freedom as possible when they themselves are sitting down either in their homes or work places.
What I find most unreasonable is when babies are nestled on the back all day long as a line of least resistance: when adults feel that the baby is safest away from the ground, quieter, and likely to sleep longer. This attitude may be understandable (if not quite orthodox) when the baby is in his first few months, but when it is not imperative and the practice is continued indiscriminately through the baby’s active periods of growth, then this is unfair on the baby.
I once visited the home of a friend during midmorning. She was out and her old ‘Mama-nurse’ was carrying her eleven-month-old baby on the back. The child was not asleep and he was showing signs of being restless and wanting to be set down. Mama-Nurse refused to set him down "because" she said, "he will only turn this whole place upside down." I persuaded her to let me chat with him, so he was set down. He was a sweet, normal baby with lots of bubbling energy which he was not allowed to use.
Since the child did not have any toys to play with, I asked ‘Mama-Nurse’ to get us various items from the kitchen. The boy sat down right away, and it was fun to watch him. He picked up each item in turn an examined it carefully, then he started hitting the pots with the spoon. They gave different sounds, and that fascinated him. He went from pot to egg cartons and he chuckled all the time. After a while I got up to go and she came with me to the door and said "The baby loves making a lot of noise and now I am sure we shall have a big job keeping track of all the pots and pans in this house." You just cannot win with these old nurse-maids, can you?
Over –back –nestling induces a child to sleep too much. This does not make for mental alertness. With a baby tucked away thus, you do not have much chance of stimulating his senses and instincts. He is so inactive for so long that after a while he gets used to just sitting and letting the world go by. This could be the beginning of a lack of confidence, of curiosity, and of initiative; a lack of the desire to explore the world around him, and of a desire to create.
Comprehension questions (12 marks)
1. Why do many African mothers carry their babies on their backs?
a) Because they have known it is good for their babies.
b) Because they don’t want to lose the baby.
c) Because they have to and prefer to.
d) Because they want to stimulate the baby’s natural development
2. The main idea of the passage is that
a) Back-nestling is good to some extent.
b) Back-nestling is harmful.
c) Back-nestling is common in Africa, Asia and South America.
d) Back-nestling is only a good thing.
3. The writer says that
a) Whenever possible babies should be set down.
b) Babies should be carried on the back whenever possible.
c) Babies should be carried only on their mother’s back whenever possible.
d) Babies should never be set down except by their mother.
4. The chief argument against too much back-nestling is that
a) It is dangerous
b) It tires the mother out.
c) It prevents the baby from developing normally.
d) It tires the baby out.
5. The writer thinks that a market-woman
a) Always has to have her baby on her back.
b) Is incapable of bringing up her babies properly.
c) Should give her baby as much freedom as possible whenever she sits down.
d) Should stay at home so her baby can be free to explore the world.
6. According to the passage, over –back –nestling induces:
a) Curiosity and desire to create
b) Mental alertness
c) Laziness
d) Desire to explore the world
Vocabulary. (12marks)
1) Replace the underlined words and combinations with the words and expressions given below:
To explore, chat, in turn, to retain, range of perception, to overdo, to hit, to have confidence in someone, restless, fit, to chuckle, to induce.
a) We had a long friendly talk about unimportant things.
b) Have you kept anything in mind after this lesson?
c) Be patient, all the customers will be served one after the other .
d) Don’t worry that your baby is never still or quiet, he is exploring the world.
e) You should work hard but don’t do too much of it and make yourself ill.
f) The young woman fell down in a sudden attack of an illness.
g) The mariners discovered an inhabited island in the sea, but they didn’t travel all over it to examine it thoroughly.
h) This road is very dangerous; there is always a risk of being struck by a falling stone.
i) My parent trust me so much
j) What caused the chief to accept the trip in a plane?
k) He was laughing quietly.
l) What is the largest distance at which we can see and hear?
2) Provide the meaning of the following words as used in the passage (6marks)
a) Preference
b) Custom
c) Harmful
d) Opportunity
e) Confined
f) Alertness
SECTION B: GRAMMAR AND PHONOLOGY / 30 marks
1) Rewrite these sentences by keeping the meaning. (8 marks)
a) They believe that the son always gets good marks at school.
Start with: The son........
b) She didn’t know whom to contact. She lost everything.
Start with: If........
c) I don’t know what Moses is doing now”. He said.
Start with: He said ...
d) Eric gets angry if you do not visit him.
Start with: Unless ...
e) ‘Stay in bed for a few days.’
Rewrite: The Doctor told me ...
f) He reported them to the headmaster as soon as he came back.
Start: No sooner ...
g) If it is done soon, It will be better.
Start: The ... the ...
h) Mary is very short. She cannot touch the ceiling.
Rewrite using ‘too ... to’.
2) Choose the best option to complete the sentences (8marks)
a) By the end of 2019, I.....
i) I shall get married ii) I shall have got married
iii) I get married iv) I shall be getting married
b) I......you dancing last Sunday in the church.
i) have seen ii) would see iii) saw iv) had seen
c) Mum, the food you are cooking.....good; I am eager to eat it now. (smell, is smelling, smells, smelt)
d) My father knows many things about England and he always talks about because he.....to Manchester three times (has gone, goes, has been, was going)
e) My mother complained that it was a long time...... (when she saw me, since she had seen me, when she has seen me, since she has seen me)
f) She ate …. meat last night reason why she has stomachache. (much too, too much)
g) John and Albert are clever. But Peter is….in the class. (clever, the cleverest, the clever, cleverest)
h) There were so many …….. this morning. (passers-by, passer-bys,passer’s-by)
3) Order the following words to make a meaningful sentence(4marks)
a) Being/Mary/stopped/by/guard/the/?/is/
b) The/ attend/this/school/students/will/./best/
c) Beautiful/!/what/day/a/
d) Went/ to/the/room/never/they/./dining/
4) Put these words into three groups depending on the pronunciation of the underlined vowels(6marks)
feel, cyclone, seat, pill, sight, eye, key, sickle, ship, be, guide, city.(2 marks for each correctly covered column).
Group A Group B Group C
/ i / / i: / / ai /
5) Which word is stressed differently from the three others? (4marks)
I) a) handsome b) e-learning c) city d) referee
II) a) learning b) historic c) interesting d) message
III) a) communicate b) eradicate c) event d) regulate
IV) a) parade b) seventeen c)cinema d) chinese
SECTION C: COMPOSITION (20 Marks)
Write an essay on one of the topics below
1) Suppose you have finished your secondary school studies and you need a job. Write a letter to the mayor of your district applying for a job.
2) If you became the Minister of Labor in Rwanda, discuss strategies you would apply in order to reduce unemployment rate.
3) Discuss and bring solutions about Africans migration to Europe.
4) Suppose that you have a private primary school and you need books from the Ministry of Education. Write a letter to the Minister requesting him to support your school with books.
N.B: write on behalf of:
John RUGIRA
Headteacher of KINTOBO Primary school
P.O BOX 80 KINIGI
Email: kinto@gmail.com
Tel: 250788706540
FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION FOE01
TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017
SUBJECT: FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
OPTION: - SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION (TSS)
- SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (TSM)
- EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (ECE)
- MODERN LANGUAGES EDUCATION (TML)
DURATION: 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS:
1) Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form, and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.
2) Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
3) This paper consists of TWO sections: A and B.
SECTION A: Attempt All Questions. (55marks)
SECTION B: Attempt only three questions. (45marks)
4) Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: Attempt All Questions (55 marks)
I. Choose the best answer and write only the corresponding letter (2 marks for each question)
1) Operant conditioning is:
a) An instructional method in which children are encouraged to construct knowledge independently.
b) A therapeutic method in which children are guided in mastering anxieties through play and art.
c) A method of teaching or parenting in which a stimulus that leads to an unconditioned response is paired with another stimulus.
d) A parenting or teaching method in which desirable behavior is gradually shaped through praise and reinforcement.
2) According to VAK theory, we need to present information using:
a) Auditory style
b) Visual style
c) Kinesthetic style
d) All three styles
3) Social stratification is defined as the:
a) Process whereby the young learn the rules, moral and traditions of society
b) Way of thinking and behaving
c) Application of general principles and findings of sociology to education
d) Division of individuals into various hierarchies of wealth, status and power
4) Ingabire, a P4 learner in Kafunzo School, shows frequent feeling of fear, irritability and loneliness. When the teacher asks Ingabire a question, we notice incoherence in her ideas. She usually fails to attend to her works and consequently she loses her self-esteem. Ingabire most likely is a:
a) mildly retarded child
b) child with attention deficit disorder
c) traumatized child
d) child with specific learning difficulties.
5) According to Erick Erickson, the major developmental task during adolescence is to achieve a sense of:
a) Responsibility
b) Integrity
c) Identity
d. Intimacy
6) Which of the following is a defining characteristic of formal operational thinking?
a) Abstract thinking
b) Object permanence
c) Conservation
d) Secondary circular reactions
7) Sensation and perception are closely related processes. Which one is affected by a person’s culture and experience?
a) Both sensation and perception
b) Only sensation
c) Only perception
d) Neither sensation nor perception
8) A situation in which a student after learning a new topic forgets an old one is called:
a. Retroactive inhibition
b. Proactive inhibition
c. Decay of memory
d. Repression of information
9) Which of the following is the characteristic of childhood autism?
a) Violent temper tantrums and repetitive actions
b) Sensory blocking and echolalia.
c) Language and learning deficiencies.
d) Encopresis and overeating.
10) Environmental factors that shape human development include all of the following except:
a) Quality of learning
b) Intelligence
c) Quality of nutrition
d) Culture
11) To be effective, punishment should be:
a) Delivered late in the day
b) Paired with reinforcement
c) Explained in detail to the child
d) Immediate and severe
12) Which of the following best defines learning?
a) The process and the product of knowing
b) The process by which we profit from past experience
c) A more or less permanent change in behavior arising from past experience
d) Mental process by which knowledge is acquired
13) Which of the following is not among the physiological needs according to Maslow?
a) Food
b) Water
c) Sex
d) Safety
14) Which of the following learning domains includes receiving, responding, valuing, organization and internalizing value?
a) Psychomotor domain
b) Cognitive domain
c) Affective domain
d) Behavioral domain
15) In comparative education, descriptive and borrowing stage refers to:
a) Prediction and anticipation of the likely effects of the adoption of particular education policies in other countries
b) Investigation of foreign school systems to improve one’s own system
c) Producing more rigorous studies by using techniques applied in social sciences
d) None of the above
II . Answer true (T) if correct or false (F) if wrong (2 marks for each question)
16) In the theory of Habits of Mind, Metacognition means that we have no need to be aware of our own thoughts, feelings, intentions and actions.
17) Learning only takes place in school.
18) Any impairment which limits the function of one or more limbs or gross motor ability refers to physical disability.
19) In Rwanda, modern schools started during the Belgian colonial era.
20) According to Piaget, Children’s thinking during pre-operational stage is logical, coherent and systematic.
III.Write short notes on the following terminologies (3 marks for each questions)
21) Intrinsic Motivation
22) Problem based learning
23) Microteaching
24) Collaborative learning
25) Inclusive education
SECTION B: Elective Questions: Attempt only Three Questions (45marks)
26) Taking into consideration hearing impaired children (15marks)
a) What are Characteristics of children who are hearing impaired?
b) What can the teacher do to help them to learn like ordinary learners?
27) Discuss the importance of the following pedagogical documents (15marks)
a) Class Diary.
b) Class Register.
28) How should an expectant mother take care of pregnancy? (15marks)
29) Identify and explain five reasons why teachers in primary schools are recommended to use locally made teaching aids in their teaching activities. (15marks)
30) As a future primary school teacher, provide and explain strategies to prevent indiscipline cases in the class. (15marks)
Topic 8
Topic 9
Topic 10
Topic 11