Topic outline
General
IGICE CYA I : INTANGIRIRO RUSANGE
Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Uburezi bw’Ibanze (REB) rwashyize ahagaragara
integenyanyigisho ishingiye ku bushobozi igomba gukurikizwa mu burezi bw’abana
b’inshuke . Ubushobozi bw’ibanze n’ubushobozi nsanganyamasomo bugomba
gutezwa imbere binyujijwe mu mikino, imyitozo n’ibikorwa binyuranye bikorerwa
kenshi mu matsinda, bigamije gutoza abana gusabana n’abandi, gukangura
ubwonko n’ ibyumviro byabo, kunoza imvugo bavuga, basobanura ibyo babona
n’ibyo bakora. Hashingiwe kandi ku ihame ry’uko abana bo mu kiciro k’inshuke
biga bigana, imyitwarire n’indangagaciro biboneye bazabitozwa n’urugero rwiza
bahabwa n’ababyeyi, abarezi cyangwa abandi babakuriye.
Mu rwego rwo gufasha abarimu bigisha mu mashuri y’inshuke gushyira mu
bikorwa integanyanyigisho ishingiye ku bushobozi; Ikigo Gishinzwe Guteza
Imbere Uburezi mu Rwanda (REB) ku bufatanye na VSO (voluntary service
overseas) na UNICEF Rwanda hateguwe inyoborabarezi ifasha abarezi bo mu
mashuri y’inshuke gukora imfashanyigisho bifashishije ibikoresho biboneka aho
dutuye. Imfashanyigisho zikozwe mu bikoresho biboneka aho dutuye ni ingenzi
kuko ziboneka ku buryo bworoshye kandi zikaba zihendutse. Izo mfashanyigisho
zifasha abarezi kubaka ubushobozi, ubumenyi, ubumenyi ngiro n’ubukesha mu
bana nk’uko biteganyijwe mu nteganyanyigisho y’amashuri y’inshuke.
Kubonera imfashanyigisho abana bato biracyari imbogamizi bitewe n’ubushobozi
buke ndetse n’ubumenyi budahagije ku barezi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyi nyoborabarezi
izafasha abarezi bo mu mashuri y’inshuke kwiyungura ubumenyi n’ubumenyi ngiro
buzabafasha kwikorera imfashanyigisho bakeneye kugira ngo barusheho kunoza
imyigigishirize y’abana bo mu mashuri y’inshuke.
Iyi nyoborabarezi kandi ishimangira akamaro ko gukoresha imfashanyigisho zifatika
mu gutanga ubumenyi binyuze mu mikino cyane ko ubu buryo butuma abana bagira
uruhare mu myigire yabo. Iyo umwana yiga hakoreshejwe uburyo bw’imikino
inyuranye, bituma atarambirwa ibyo yiga kandi agahora yishimiye gukina bene iyo
mikino.
Iyi nyoborabarezi yubakiye ku byigwa dusanga mu nteganyanyigisho. Muri buri
kigwa, hagaragazwa imfashanyigisho zitandukanye umurezi ashobora gukora. Burimfashanyigisho kandi igaragaza ibi bikurikira:
- Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Uko bikorwa
- Uko bikoreshwa
- Uko bifasha mu myigire no guteza imbere ubushobozi- Aho biboneka mu nteganyanyigisho.
Inyoborabarezi yerekana aho ihuriye n’integanyanyigisho bityo bigafasha
abarezi kubona isano ifitanye n’ibiri mu zindi nyoborabarezi zikoreshwa mu bigombonezamikurire no mu mashuri y’inshuke.
Imfashanyigisho ni ibikoresho byose bishobora kwifashishwa mu myigire
n’imyigishirize kugira ngo intego y’ikigwa igerweho. Hari imfashanyigisho z’
amajwi, amashusho ndetse n’ iz’amajwi n’ amashusho. Imfashanyigisho zishobora
gukorerwa mu nganda cyangwa zigakorwa n’abarezi, ababyeyi, abana cyangwaabatuye aho ishuri riherereye bifashishije ibikoresho biboneka aho dutuye.
Ingero z’ibikoresho wakwifashisha mu gukora imfashanyigisho zitandukanye:
Bimwe mu bikoresho byakwifashishwa bigaragara mu mashusho akurikira:
Jean Piaget agaragaza ko imyigire y’abana bato igoranye mu gihe nta mfashanyigisho
zifatika zihari. Ingero zikurikira zigaragaza akamaro k’imfashanyigishomu myigire
y’abana bato:
Urugero rwo kwiga wifashishije ibigaragara: Kwereka abana igishushanyo kiriho
inka hanyuma ukababaza umubare w’amaguru inka ifite.
Urugero rwo kwiga wifashishije ibitagaragara: Kubaza abana umubare w’amaguru
inka igira hanyuma ugatekereza ko baguha igisubizo nyacyo kandi utaberetse
byibura igishushanyo kiriho inka.
Nta gushidikanya ko dushingiye ku ngero tumaze kubona kwiga ibitagaragara
bigoye kurusha kwiga ibigaragara. Ni yo mpamvu imfashanyigisho ari ingenzi kuko
zifasha abana kwiga bareba banakora kurusha kwiga ibyo batabona. John Dewey
avuga ko abana biga neza binyuze mu kuvumbura. Ni byiza rero ko abana bahabwa
imfashanyigisho zitandukanye bakazikoresha kugira ngo bibafashe kuvumbura no
guhanga udushya.
Izindi mpamvu zerekana akamaro ko gukoresha imfashanyigisho:
- Bituma abana bakoresha ibyumviro byinshi
- Bituma abana bagira uruhare rugaragara mu myigire.
- Bifasha abana guteza imbere ubushobozi bwo gutekereza byimbitse,guhangaudushya,gukemura ibibazo,....
Imfashanyigishozitegurwa zigomba:
- Kuba zifite ingano ihagije ku buryo zigaragarira abana bose mu ishuri kandi
ntizibatere urujijo;
- Kuba zikoze neza ku buryo abana bashobora kuzigana;
- Kuba ziri ku kigero cy’abana kandi bashobora kuzikoresha bisanzwe;
- Kuba zitanga amakuru y’ingenzi;
- Kuba zikurura abana;
- Kuba zitezitateza impanuka mu kuzikoresha;
Kuba ziramba kandi zihendutse;
- Kuba zihagije kandi zoroheye abana bose kuzikoresha mu ishuri;
- Kuba zijyanye n’imibereho y’umwana akaba azi ibyo bikoresho;- Kuba zitanyuranya n’umuco w’ abana.
Mbere yo gutegura imfashanyigisho, umurezi agomba kubanza kwibaza ku byo
agamije, kugira ngo imfashanyigisho ategura zimufashe kugera ku ntego yiyemeje
mu buryo bworoshye. Urugero rw’ibyo ashobora kwibaza:
- Ni iki nshaka ko abana bamemenya?
- Ni iki nshaka ko abana bakora?
- Ese imfashanyigisho ntegura zirakoreshwa n’umurezi gusa cyangwa n’abana
bazazikenera mu myigire yabo?
- Ese imfashanyigisho ngiye gutegura zizafasha abana bari mu kihe kigero?
- Ese imfashanyigisho ngiye gutegura ntiziheza abana bafite ubumuga?- Ese ntizibangamira umuco.
Ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa ku ntego nyinshi mu byigwa bitandukanye.
Urugero guhuza imifuniko n’amakarita yanditseho byafasha mu mibare, mu gusoma
no guteza imbere ubushobozi nk’imiyego y’ingingo nto n’imiyego y’ingingo nini nokwikemurira ibibazo.
Gutegura neza imfashanyigisho ni ngombwa cyane kubera ko bifasha umurezi
kuzigeraho ku buryo bworoshye igihe azikeneye mu kwigisha ikigwa runaka,bigatuma agendera ku gihe, adahuzagurika.
Imfashanyigisho zigomba gutegurwa bitewe n’uburyo zikoreshwa kenshi. Ushobora
gushyira imfashanyigisho zawe hamwe nyuma y’insanganyamatsiko runaka, abana
batashye, cyangwa ku mpera z’igihembwe. Buri munsi mbere yo gutaha, umurezi
aba agomba kumenya ko ibikoresho azakenera umunsi ukurikiyeho biteguye neza.
Ibyo yitaho ni ibi bikurikira:
- Gusana zimwe mu mfashanyigisho zangiritse no kuzuza izituzuye.
- Guhindura imfashanyigisho ugendeye ku nsanganyamatsiko.
- Kureba niba hari izindi mfashanyigisho wakora cyangwa wategura umunsi
ukurikiyeho.
Imfashanyigisho zishobora guhindurwa bitewe n’insanganamatsiko igezweho. Ni
ngombwa gutunganya no gusukura imfashanyigisho igihembwe kirangiye kandiukongeramo izindi bitewe n’ikigero abana bagezeho.
Umurezi n’abana ni bo akenshi bategura imfashanyigisho mu ishuri. Mu bikorwa
byo ku ishuri,abana bashobora gufasha umurezi gutegura imfashanyigisho bakoresha.
Mu ishuri ririmo abana benshi, umurezi ashobora gukora gahunda y’uburyo
azajya afatanya n’ abana bakazikora bityo abana bakunguka ubumenyi bwo kwiga
bakora, bikanabafasha kutazangiza kuko ari bo bazikoreye.
Abatuye aho ishuri riherereye na bo bagira uruhare mu gukusanya ibikoresho byo
gukoramo imfashanyigisho. Bimwe mu bikoresho byo gukoramo imfashanyigisho
ntibikwiye kuba imbogamizi ku murezi, ahubwo abatuye aho ishuri riherereye na
bo bakwiye kubigiramo uruhare, kugira ngo abana babo babashe kwiga neza.
Abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri bashobora gufasha abarezi:
- Bakangurira abafite ubucuruzi butandukanye hafi y’ishuri nk’amaduka,
utubari cyangwa ibarizo, gukusanya ibikoresho nk’imifuniko y’amacupa,
ibice bisigara ku mbaho, ibitambaro bisigazwa n’abadozi, amakarito n’ibindi
bitandukanye byakorwamo imfashanyigisho.
- Bakangurira abaturage gukusanya ibikoresho bitandukanye mu gihe
cy’umuganda, mu kagoroba k’ababyeyi cyangwa igihe k’inama runaka maze
bakazabishyikiriza amashuri aherereye aho batuye.
- Bakangurira abatuye mu gace ishuri riherereyemo babyifuza gukora
imfashanyigisho zitandukanye babifashijwemo n’abarezi b’amashuri y’inshukekugira ngo zifashe abana babo kunoza imyigire.
Umurezi ategura imfashanyigisho mu ishuri agendeye ku binogeye abana. Umurezi
yirinda kumanika imfashanyigisho ziteza akajagari mu bana cyangwa ziteza urujijo.
Agomba kuzimanika kuri gahunda, ku kigero cy’ abana aho bashobora kuzikoraho
igihe ari ngombwa bakanazireba byoroshye batararamye cyane kandi akagendera ku
byigwa by’ abana. Umurezi agomba kumanika imfashanyigisho zifasha umwana mu
myigire n’imitekerereze ye. Hari zimwe mu mfashanyigisho zishobora kumanikwa
mu myanya ihoraho mu ishuri
Urugero:
- Amakarita mato agaragaza inguni
- Ingengabihe y’umunsi
- Inyajwi, ingombajwi, imibare, amabara ndetse n’amashusho agaragaza ibyo
umwana akunda kubona mu buzima bwe bwa buri munsi.IGICE CYA II :IMFASHANYIGISHO ZIJYANYE NA BURI KIGWA: 1. UBUMENYI BW’IBIDUKIKIJE
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Ibikarito cyangwa urupapuro rukomeye, tiripuregisi (Triplex), ikaramu y’ igiti, irati,marikeri, umukasi , umusambi, umukeka cyangwa umufuka.
Uko bikorwa
- Shushanya ishusho y’inzu ku ikarito cyangwa ku rupapuro rukomeye
- Zengurutsa ishusho imirongo igororotse, ukate muri iyo shusho ibice bigize- Inzu,ubirambike ku ruhande bivangavanze.
Imyaka 1 kugera 4
– Umurezi ategurira abana ishusho y’inzu yuzuye ndetse n’ibice bikase bigize
inzu ariko bifite amabara asa n’ayo ku nzu yuzuye.
– Abana bahabwa inzu iteranyije ariko iburamo ibice bikeya byibura bibiri kandi
bimeze kimwe ku buryo ntakiri bumugore mu gihe babishyira mu myanya
yabyo
– Abana bashyira mu myanya irimo ubusa ibyo bice bahawe , bagakora inzu
yuzuye.Imyaka 5 kugera 6
Abana bahabwa ibice by’ ishusho y’ inzu bivangavanze bakagerageza
bakabihuza bagakora inzu yuzuye kandi bakavuga kuri buri gice bareba.
– Abana bashobora kugendera ku mabara ari ku ishusho cyangwa ku mpera
z’ishusho
– Bashobora guhabwa ishusho yuzuye yo kureberaho cyangwa ntibayihabwe
bitewe n’ urwego bagezeho.
– Umurezi ashobora gukomeza umukino cyangwa akaworoshya bitewe
n’urugero abana afite.
– Ashobora gukata buri gice ukwacyo cyangwa buri gice akagikatamo kabiri.
– Uyu mukino abana bashobora kuwukina mu gihe k’ inguni y’ ururimi cyangwa
y’ imibare
- Abana biga gutandukanya ibice bigize inzu bagatera imbere mu kwikemurira
ibibazo, kwiga no guhora biyungura ubumenyi ndetse no kwihangana.
- Abana bitoza gukorana ubushishozi mu gihe bahuza ibice.
- Abana batera imbere mu miyego cyanecyane imiyego mito.
- Igihe abana bari gukora babiribabiri bibateza imbere mu mibanire, mu
mbamutima ndetse no gusabana mu rurimi.
- Biteza imbere abana mu kwisanzuranaho no gufatanya igihe bakorana
n’abandi.- Byongerera abana ubushobozi mu buryo bw’itumanaho no kwiyobora.
– Igikorwa gishobora gukorwa umwaka wose, kubera ko amashusho agenda
ahinduka bitewe n’insanganyamatsiko igezweho.
– Mu gukata amashusho , umurezi ashyiramo ikintu gishobora gufasha umwana
kuvumbura ibice ahuza ( ibara, imibare cyangwa imirongo itsindagiye)
– Abana bakiri bato ( imyaka 1 kugera kui 4) bahabwa ishusho yuzuye bareberaho
bahuza kandi bagahabwa ibice bikase bike ( bibiri cyangwa bitatu)
– Abana bafite imyaka 5 na 6 bahabwa umubare mwinshi w’ ibice bikasebakabiterateranya bikabyara ishusho yuzuye
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
- Igikarito, sikoci, marikeri z’amabara atandukanye.
Ibindi bikoresho byakora:Tripuregisi, Imbaho
– Rambura igikarito. Koresha irati mu gushushanya ushushanye ishusho ya
mpande enye inshuro enye.Izo mpande enye urazikata, buri ruhande ruge
ukwarwo kugira ngo zigaragare nkaho ari inkuta enye z’inzu.
– Kata igikarito ugendeye ku bice bigize inzu.
– Teranya bya bice by’ igikarito ufatishishe sikoci cyangwa ubujeni, hanyuma
ukore inzu
- Siga ya nzu amabara ajyanye na buri gice kigize inzu.
- Kata urugi ku ishusho imwe ya mpande enye maze kuri urwo ruhande
ushushanyeho amadirishya unayasige amabara hanyuma uhuze iyo
shusho n’izindi mpande enye ukore inkuta enye n’inguni enye zigize inzu.- Kata igice k’igikarito ushyire hejuru ukore igisenge k’inzu.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3
– Abana bamenyera ibice bigize inzu uko bahora
bayibona imbere yabo cyangwa bayikorakoraho.
Imyaka 4 kugera 6
– Umurezi yereka abana imfashanyigisho mu gihe
cy’ubumenyi bw’ibidukikije.
– ku ruziga, akabasobanurira akamaro ka buri gice, bakaganira no ku bintu
biboneka mu nzu cyangwa hanze yayo.
– Mu nguni y’imikino yigana cyangwa se hanze y’ishuri, abana
bagerageza kwigana gukora inzu bagashyiraho ibice byose by’ inzu
nk’igisenge,inkuta,urugi, amadirishya n’ibindi.
– Abana bakina inkuru zijyanye n’ inzu mu magambo yabo.
– Inzu ishobora gushyirwa mu nguni y’imikino hamwe n’izindi mfashanyigisho
nk’ibipupe, ipikipiki n’ibindi kugira ngo abana babashe gukora inkuru kandibabikinishe mu bikorwa byabo bya buri munsi.
- Bifasha abana gukura mu gihagararo bakagira imiyego y’ingingo nini n’intoya
zikomeye.
- Bibateza imbere mu bushishozi no gushakira ibibazo ibisubizo.
- Biteza imbere ibikorwa byo guhanga udushya.- Bifasha abana kumenya ibikorwa bya buri munsi, no kumenya uko isi iteye.
- Ibikoresho nk’ijerikani, tripuregisi ( triplex) bishobora gukatwamo
imfashanyigisho
- Mu nguni y’ ubugeni, umurezi afatanya n’ abana gukora izindi
mfashanyigisho nka: igare, imodoka, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, ikigo cy’amashuri, urusengero n’ibindi
- Aho biboneka mu nteganyanyigisho y’amashuriy’inshuke:
- Umwaka wa 1, uwa 2, uwa 3 n’umutwe wa 4: Iwacu mu rugo.
- Umwaka wa 3 n’umutwe wa 7: Imyuga ikorerwa aho dutuye.
- Umwaka wa 2, uwa 3 n’umutwe wa 19: Kwihangira ibikinisho.- Umwaka wa 2, uwa 3 n’umutwe 4: Ibikoresho by’ubugeni.
Abana bakora ibikinisho byabo nk’imodoka, rukururana, igare, ipikipiki n’ubwato,
indege bakoresheje ibikoresho biboneka aho batuye.Abana kandi bigana ukoabakuru bakoresha ibyo bikoresho
a) Gukora bisi mu mbaho za tripuregisi (Triplex)
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Imbaho zoroshye: Tiripuregisi, icyuma , ikaramu y’ igiti, irati na marikeri.
Ibindi bikoresho byakora kimwe na triplex :- Ibikarito n’ijerekani zashaje
- Shushanya bisi ku rubaho rworoshye: tripuregisi (Triplex)
- Genda ukata bya bice bya bisi washushanyije hanyuma ubiterateranye
ukoresheje sikoci bikore bisi y’ igikinisho.- Yisige amabara ajyanye n’ uko bisi zimenyerewe n’ abana zisa
Imyaka kuri 0 kugera 3
- Mu gihe k’imikino yo hanze , abana bagendesha bisi, bakavuga nkayo,
bagasunika, bagatwara, byose bigana uko babibonana abakuru cyangwa
uko bayibona igenda
Imyaka 3 kugera kuri 6:
- Mu gihe k’ imikino yo hanze, abana bakina bigana abashoferi , ibyapa byo
mu mihanda, bakigana ibyo babona bakaba banakora iyabo bisi.
- Mu gihe k’ inguni mu ishuri cyangwa hanze, abana bakina inkuru mu
magambo yabo bakoresheje ya bisi cyangwa ikindi gikoresho cyo gutwara
abantu n’ ibintu.
- Abana bihimbira inkuru zabo bwite bakazikinisha ibikoresho bafite.
- Abana bakina bamwe ari abashoferi, abakanishi cyangwa abagenzibagendera ku bintu binyuranye cyangwa bakabyigana bakoresheje bisi.
b) Gukora imodoka nto muri tripuregisi
Ibikoresho bikenewe: Tripuregisi , icyuma, ikaramu y’ igiti, marikeri na sikoci
Ibindi bikoresho wakoramo imodoka: ibikarito bikomeye, ibice by’ijerekanibirambuye.
– Shushanya imodoka kuri tripuregisi (Triplex)
– Ya shusho yikatemo ibice unyuza mu mirongo washushanyije.
– Teranya ibyo bice ukoresheje sikoci cyangwa ubujeni ubikoremo imodoka– Shyiraho amapine akoze mu giti uyasige ibara.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3:
– Abana bagendesha imodoka, bakigana uko ivuga ndetse bakitegereza n’
uburyo ikoze.
– Abana bigana uko imodoka ikoze bakayikora uko babyumva si ngombwa ko iba
ari yo by’ukuri. Icya ngombwa ni uko yatekereje ku rwego rwe uko yabigenza.
Imyaka 4 kugera 6:
– Abana bagendesha imodoka mu ishuri cyangwa hanze yaryo.
– Abana bigana uko imodoka ikoze bagakora izabo bari mu gihe cy’ ubugeni
cyangwa bari hanze y’ ishuri.
– Abana bayikoresha bakina, bigana inkuru cyangwa bayisubiramo mumagambo yabo.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Urubaho rworoshye: Tiripuregisi (Triplex), icyuma, ikaramu y’ igiti , marikeri, sikoci
y’ umweru na sikoci y’ ubururu cyangwa agapapuro k’ubururu
Ibindi bikoresho byakora kimwe na tripuregisiIbikarito n’ibice by’ijerekani birambuye
- Shushanya indege kuri tiripuregisi ( triplex), hanyuma ukate ibice biyigize.
- Teranya ibyo bice ukoresheje sikoci ukoremo indege.- Sigaho amabara ameze nk’ uko indege iba imeze.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3:
– Mu mikino yo hanze , abana bakinisha indege bakigana ibyo bayibonaho byose.
– Mu mikino yo mu ishuri, mu gihe k’ inguni abana batwara indege ndetse bakigana
no kuyikora
Imyaka 3 kugera 6
– Mu mikino yo mu ishuri, mu nguni, abana bakina inkuru mu magambo yabo.
– Abana bakina bamwe ari abapilote, abakanishi cyangwa abagenzi bagiye
kugenda mu ndege.
– Mu mikino yo hanze barayigendesha, bakigana imikorere yayo.– Abana kandi bakora izabo ndege mu bikoresho bafite mu ishuri cyangwa hanze
- Biteza imbere abana mu gukomera ku ingingo nto n’inini.
- Iyo abana bakinira hamwe bagakina bigana, ibyo bibateza imbere mu
gusabana, mu mbamutima, mu mivugire, bibafasha kutibagirwa, kwishakamo
ibisubizo ndetse no guhanga udushya.
- Bifasha abana kumenya uburyo bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu bakamenya
n’akamaro kabyo
– Hanze y’ishuri, abana bashobora gukoresha imodoka mu gutwara amatafari
n’umucanga; ku bana bubakisha amatafari.
– Bakora izindi modoka mu bindi bikoresho bitandukanye.
– Umurezi atanga amabwiriza y’uburyo abana bakata ishusho y’imodoka mu
bintu bitandukanye nk’umufuka, ibinyamakuru n’ibindi bakabikata mu ngano
zitandukanye kandi bakabisiga amabara uko bishakiye. Igihe buri cyose
kirangiye, abana barabivangura cyangwa bakabishyira hamwe bakurikijeamabara, uburebure n’ubugari bwabyo.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Urubaho rworoshye: tiripuregisi ( Triplex), icyuma , ikaramu y’ igiti , irati.
Ibindi bikoresho byakora kimwe na triplexIbikarito cyangwa ibice by’ijerekani birambuye
- Kuri tiripuregisi (Triplex) shushanyaho isuka bahingisha, inyuma
ushushanyeho umwobo ku buryo umuhini wayo uri bubashe kwinjiramo.
- Zenguruka ukata igishushanyo k’isuka washushanyije wibuke gukata neza
umwobo wanyuzamo umuhini.
- Muri wa mwobo shyiramo igiti cyoroshye cyangwa gikozwe mu bikarito,
kize kuba umuhini.Nugicomekamo, urabona imfashanyigisho iteye
nk’isuka yo guhingisha
- Siga isuka amabara asa uko isuka isanzwe isa
Imyaka 1 kugera 3:
– Abana bakoresha isuka zikoze mu bikarito nk’
ibikinisho byoroshye, bakina bigana uko bahinga .
Imyaka 3 kugera 6
– Abana bari mu ishuri bakina inkuru mu magambo
yabo bagakoresha isuka
– Mu mikino yo hanze , umurezi yerekera abanauko bahinga bakoresheje isuka.
– Abana bigana uko bakora isuka bakoresheje impapuro, ibikarito, bakigana
kuyishushanya no gukata iyo bashushanyije, ndetse bagateranya ibice bakase
bagakora isuka.
– Isuka yakoreshwa mu mikino iteza imbere indimi n’ubumenyi bw’ibidukikije
ku ruziga: kugira ngo abana babashe kwibukiranya amazina y’ibikoreshoby’ubuhinzi, akamaro kabyo n’igihe bikoreshwa.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Ikarito cyangwa tiripuregisi (triplex), marikeri, irati , icyuma gikata imbaho, marikeri,sikoci, cyangwa kore y’imbaho.
– Shushanya terefoni ku gikarito cyangwa kuri tiripuregisi (triplex)
– Andikaho imibare yo guhamagara ku buryo igaragara neza kuri terefoni.
– Koresha ingano ntoya ku buryo abana babasha kuyifata mu ntoki.
– Noneho kata neza usigarane ishusho ya terefoni.– Gerageza gukora nyinshi kugira ngo abana bose babashe gusabana n’abandi.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3
– Abana bakinira ahantu hatandukanye mu
ishuri no hanze yaryo.
– Abana barahamagarana, bakanagirana
ibiganiro na bagenzi babo bigana.
– Abana kandi barasabana mu gihe
bahamagarana kuri terefoni nk’uko babibona
iwabo cyangwa aho batuye.
– Abana bitegereza ibintu byose byanditse
kuri terefoni.
Imyaka 4 kugera 5
– Abana iyo bakoresha terefoni , haba mu
ishuri cyangwa hanze, barasabana mu
gihe bahamagarana kuri terefoni nk’uko
babibona iwabo cyangwa aho batuye.
– Terefoni y’inkorano ishobora gukoreshwa ku
ikaze mu mikino yo mu nguni.
– Abana bayikoresha bakina inkuru mu
magambo yabo.
– Abana bigana uko ikorwa iyo bari mu gihe
cy’ ubugeni.– Terefoni ikoreshwa no mu mikino yigana.
- Indimi n’ubumenyi bw’itumanaho.
- Ubumenyi mu mibanire, imbamutima no gusabana.
- Gutandukanya imibare.- Kwibuka no kumva neza uko ikintu giteye
– Abana bari mu nguni yo kubaka bashobora kuyikoresha igihe bigana abafundibatondekanya ibikoresho banavuga ibyerekeye akazi.
Umutwe wa 9: Uburyo bw’ itumanaho
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenewe:
Tripuregisi (triplex), urupapuro rukomeye rw’ibara, ikarito cyangwa umufuka,ikaramu y’ igiti, na marikeri.
– Shushanya ibice bigize umubiri w’ umuntu.– Andikaho izina rya buri gice
Ushobora kureka abana bagatandukanya ibice bigize umubiri w’umuntu biri ku
gishushanyo bakanavuga amazina y’ibyo bice bitandukanye.
Iyi mfashanyigisho ikoreshwa mu mikino iteza imbere ubumenyi bw’ibidukikijeku ruziga cyane iyo umurezi atangiye kwigisha insanganyamatsiko nshya.
- Bituma abana babasha kwitegereza.
- Bituma bunguka amagambo.- Bituma bishimira umubiri wawo bakanawitaho
– Ibishushanyo nk’ibyo twabonye ku mubiri w’umuntu, bishobora gukoreshwa
ku nsanganyamatsiko iyo ari yo yose. Gendera ku nteganyanyigisho umenye
amagambo wigisha noneho ukore igishushanyo cy’ayo magambo.Ingero: insengero, iwacu mu rugo, amatungo, ibitwara abantu n’ibintu n’ibindi.
Umutwe wa 1 n’uwa 2: Umwirondoro wange n’umubiri wange hamwe n’indimitwe bitewe n’insanganyamatsiko.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:Igisate k’igitenge, urudodo, urushinge n’umukasi.
Tangira ukata igisate k’igitenge mu ishusho y’inyoni cyangwa y’ ikindi kintu
wifuza gukora.
– Igihe ari umuntu wifuje gukora, kora imyenda imwe n’imwe nk’ikanzu, ishatin’ikabutura wambike cya gipupe ku buryo kiba cyambaye neza.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3
– Abana bashobora kwigana imibereho yo mu muryango.
– Bashobora guheka ibipupe bakoresheje igice gito k’igitenge, bashobora
kwigana kubigaburira, bakabiryamisha iyo bikoze mu ishusho y’ umuntu
cyangwa bakigana buri kimwe mu ishusho yacyo.
Imyaka 4 kugera 6
– Ibipupe babikoresha mu nguni y’imikino yigana bitewe n’ ibirimo cyangwa n’
insanganyamatsiko bagezeho.
– Mu gihe k’ inkuru barabifata bakabisomera inkuru cyangwa bakabikinisha
inkuru.
– Abana bakora ibyabo bipupe bigana ibyo beretswe n’ umurezi kandibagashyiraho ibice byose bibura
- Abana batera imbere mu mibanire n’abandi no mu mbamutima zabo.
- Abana batera imbere mu mitekerereze yabo.
- Abana batera imbere mu mivugire.
- Bituma bafata inshingano zo kwita ku muntu runaka bakaniyumvisha uburyo
undi muntu amera cyangwa atekereza.- Biteza imbere ubusabane mu muryango bikanongera ubucuti.
Abana bashobora kuvuga amakuru yabo: amazina y’ababyeyi, imyaka n’ibyobakunda
Umutwe wa 1n’uwa2: Ngewe ubwange n’umuryango wange.Umutwe wa 4: Iwacu mu rugo.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Urupapuro rukomeye, ikarito cyangwa umufuka, amakaramu y’ amabara, irangi ry’intoki n’ikaramu y’ igiti.
Shushanya ibihe by’ikirere bitandukanye nk’izuba, ibicu, imvura n’umuyaga.
- Bituma abana babasha kwitegereza, bikabateza imbere mu gutekereza no
kuvuga.
- Bituma bunguka amagambo.
- Bibateza imbere mu gutekereza byimbitse bikanatuma imiyego mito ikomera.
- Bituma bamenya gutandukanya ibintu, kubigereranya no kubitondekanya.
- Bituma abana bishimira akamaro k’ibihe.
Abana bashobora gufata amakarita bakavuga ibyo babonaho.
– Igihe hari amakarita menshi, umurezi ashobora kubaza abana kuyavangura
cyangwa gushyira hamwe amakarita ahuye.
– Abana bashobora gukoresha ibishushanyo bitandukanye bakora imyitozo yo
kuvangura ibintu bakabishyira hamwe bitewe n’itsinda biherereyemo.
– Buri mwana yihitiramo ku bushake bwe ibikoresho yifuza gushushanya,
komeka hanyuma agasobanurira abandi ibyo yashushanyije.– Amakarita ashobora gukoreshwa mu kwigisha insanganyamatsiko zose.
Umutwe wa 15: ibihe bitandukanye by’ikirere cyangwa undi mutwe wose
ugendanye n’insanganyamatsiko.- Imfashanyigisho zifatika zigomba kuba zifatiye ku nsanganyamatsiko.
Ingero:
- Ibiribwa: Ibigori, amasaka, soya, ibijumba, igikoma, ibishyimbo, imbuto
n’imboga.
- Iwacu mu rugo: Icyungo,isafuriya, ibiyiko, umuceri n’ibishyimbo, imbabura
y’amakara n’ibindi.
- Imyambaro: Imyenda itandukanye y’abakobwa n’abahungu ndetse n’abakuru
- Ibyo dusanga mu nsengero: Bibiriya, imyambaro ya padiri, igitabo k’indirimbo,
korowani n’ibindi.
- Ibimera nk’indabo n’ibindi.
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikeneweUmurezi ashobora kuvana mu rugo cyangwa ku ishuri imfashanyigisho zifatika.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3:
– Abana bahabwa umwanya wo kwitegereza no gukorakora ku mfashanyigisho
zifatika kandi bagasobanurirwa akamaro kazo.
– Abana barisanzura mu kuvuga ibyo bazi kuri izo mfashanyigisho, bakabiganiriza
umurezi cyangwa hagati yabo.
Urugero: kuvuga aho babibona ,icyo bimara, ikivamo,uko bigenda kugira ngobivemo ikindi kintu,…
Imyaka 4 kugera 6
– Umurezi ashobora gukoresha imfashanyigisho karemano kugira ngo agaragaze
insanganyamatsiko bagezeho.
– Abana bahabwa uburenganzira bwo gukorakora no kumva izo mfashanyigisho.
– Abana bavuga kuri izo mfashanyigisho bakanazigereranya n’ibindi bintu
basanzwe bazi.
– Umurezi yerekana uko bakoresha izo mfashanyigisho kandi akabikora neza.
Urugero: Guteka, kwambara n’ibindi.
– Mu gihe k’inguni, imfashanyigisho zifatika zishobora kuboneka mu nguni zose
bitewe n’ insanganyamatsiko:
- Mu nguni y’ ibitabo: imyambaro iboneka mu nkuru, abana bagasoma
ikiyivugwaho
- Mu nguni y’ururimi: abana bigana bashushanya imyambaro
- Mu nguni yo kwigana: abana bigana ibikorwa bakambara imyambaro
ijyanye n’ ibikorwa babona aho batuye
- Mu nguni y’ ubugeni : abana bashobora gushushanya imyambaro,
kuyibumba, kuyikata mu mpapuro , kuyisiga amabara, kuyitera irangi,…
- Mu nguni yo kubaka: abana bashobora kwambara imyambaro ijyanye n’
ubwubatsi bari gukora:
- Mu nguni y’ imibare : abana bashobora kubarura imyambaro babona,
bakabara amabara ari kuyo bambaye, bakegeranya imyenda isa ,bakamenya ishaje n’ imishya,…
Abana bakorakora imfashanyigisho zifatika bagahabwa amahirwe yo
kugerageza no kumva uko ibintu bikora.- Abana bakora ibikorwa bifitanye isano n’ubuzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.
Umurezi agenda ahindura ibikoresho bitewe n’insanganyamatsiko agezeho.Ibitabangamiye abana ashobora kubibatuma.
Umwaka wa1, uwa 2 n’uwa 3: Imitwe yose y’ubumenyi bw’ibidukikije
1.7. Ibimera
– Abana bitegereza amashusho y’ indabo ndetse bakanatoranyamo
ayabashishikaje
– Abana berekerewe n’ umurezi bafata amakaramu y’ amabara bagasiga mu
mashusho uko babyumva.
Si ngombwa ko babikora neza ku buryo bubereye ijisho kuko imiyego y’ ingingoiba itarakomera. Ibyo yakoze biba ari byiza .
– Abana bamaze kwiga ibice bigize ikimera ndetse bakibonye bakakitegereza
babifashijwemo n’ umurezi, amashusho y’ikimera kidasize ndetse
bakanahabwa amakaramu y’ amabara bakagisiga amabara ahuye n’ uko buri
gice gisa.
– Umwana yihitiramo amabara ajyanye n’ ikimera ashaka gusiga, ibyobikerekana ko yamaze gusobanukirwa neza n’ ibice bigize ikimera.
– Abana baba bamaze kumenyera imiterere ya buri gice kigize ikimera, bashobora
guhabwa ibice bakase kandi bivangavanze by’ ikimera bakagerageza kubihuza
bagendeye uko buri gice bahawe giteye.
– Abana bakina uyu mukino wo guhuza ibice bagakora ishusho yuzuye.
– Abana bamaze kubimenyera bakina bahuza batanguranwa, uwatanze abandi
agashyira akaboko hejuru ati: “ narangije”.
– Abana uko babimenyera ,bagenda bongererwa imibare myinshi y’ ibice bikasekandi bivangavanze by’ amashusho bagahuza.
1.7.4. Uko ibimera bikura ( imyaka 6)
Ibikoresho bikeneweIngemwe, ifuni, igikoresho cyo kuvomerera, utubido , amazi.
– Umurezi ajyana abana mu mirima y’ ishuri cyangwa iri hafi y’ishuri,
akabasobanurira amoko y’ibimera , akamaro kabyo, uko bikura, aho bikurira,
n’ icyo bikenera kugira ngo bikure.
– Umurezi asobanurira abana amoko y’ ubutaka.
– Umurezi yerekera abana uko batera ikimera mu butaka.
– Umurezi asaba abana bose gukora nk’ uko yabikoze bagatera ingemwe
bazanye buri wese kandi akavomera ikimera kugira ngo kizakure.
- Abana baguka mu mitekerereze,bagasobanukirwa n’ibyo babonaga batazi
aho biva
- Abana bamenya kwikemurira ibibazo, guhora biyugura ubumenyi no
kwishakamo ibisubizo- Abana bunguka ibintu bishya bituma bazamura imbamutima zabo
Umwaka wa 1,2 n’ uwa 3:
Umutwe wa 16: Amoko y’ ubutaka n’Umutwe wa 6:Ibiribwa n’ ibinyobwa
bikomoka ku bimera.Umutwe wa 14: Ibice bigize ikimera n’ akamaro kabyo.
- Abana bitegereza kandi bagakorakora ku mfashanyigisho z’ inyamaswa
bakaganira n’ umurezi bavuga ibyo baziziho, aho ziba, ibyo zirya,akamaro,
n’ibice bizigize.
- Abana bahabwa umwanya bagasiga amabara mu ishusho y’ifi uko babishakaariko bamenyera uko iteye.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Tripuregisi (Triplex), icyuma, amashusho y’ifi cyangwa amakarita y’ifi, imifuka
n’amakaramu yo gusiga amabara, ibice bikase by’amashusho y’ifi.Ibikorito bikomeye cyangwa ibice by’ijerekani bishaje.
– Shushanya ishusho y’inyamaswa (ifi) kuri teripuregisi ( triplex),ku mufuka, ku
ikarito cyangwa ku makarita
– Kata iyo nyamaswa (ifi) aho wayishushanyije , hanyuma uyisige amabara
ajyanye n’uko isanzwe isa
– Izi ntambwe zo gukora imfashanyigisho y’ifi mu mumubyimba ifata,
zanakoreshwa umurezi ategura izindi mfashanyigisho z’ubundi bwokobw’inyamaswa.
– Abana bahabwa amashusho y’ ifi bakihitiramo amabara bayisiga bahuza n’
uko bayizi.
– Abana bagaragaza buri gice kigize ifi kandi bagasobanura n’ akamaro kabyo.
– Abana bakina n’ imikino yerekeza ku mafi mu mazi.
– Abana bashobora no gushaka hose mu ishuri ahantu haboneka ibishushanyo
by’ ifi nko mu bitabo n’ ahandi.
– Abana bitoza kuyishushanya ku mpapuro uko babyumva bakanashushanyaaho ifi iba
Inzovu
Ibikoresho bikeneweTeripuregisi ( triplex) , icyuma, ikaramu y’ igiti, ikaramu y’ ibara, irati
Shushanya inzovu ku rubaho rworoshye cyangwa kuri tiripuregisi ( triplex),
igikarito gikomeye cyangwa ibice by’ijerekani ishaje
Iyo shusho yikatemo ibice ukurikije uko iteye cyangwa ukirikije ibyakorohera
abana guhuza.
Iyo ukata ibice by’imfashanyigisho wita ku kigero k’imyaka y’abana. Ku banabafite 2-4 ukatamo ishusho ibice bikeya kandi buri wese ugakatira aho bihurira
Guhuza ibice byinshi by’ ishusho bigakora ishusho yuzuye (imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Abana bahabwa ishusho yuzuye bagahabwa n’ ibice byinshi by’ iyoshusho,bagatangira kubihuza bagakora ishusho yuzuye.
Abana b’ imyaka 3 kugera kuri 4Gasumbashyamba
– Umurezi ategurira abana ishusho yuzuye y’ inyamaswa runaka , agategura
n’ ibice bikase kandi bivangavanze bya ya nyamaswa, agasaba abana
kwitegereza ishusho yuzuye hanyuma bagafata bya bice bakabiterateranya
bigakora ishusho isa neza niyo bahawe.
Umukino wo guhuza ibice byinshi bikase by’ ishusho bigakora ishusho yuzuye
(Imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Igikeri
- Abana bamaze kumenyera imiterere ya buri nyamaswa bongererwa
umubare w’ ibice bikase by’ inyamaswa maze bagakora ishusho yuzuye.
- Abana iyo bahuza bashobora kugendera ku ibara , ku murongo uheruka ,
cyangwa ku gice kigize inyamaswa amenyereye.
- Abana bahuza ibyo bice kandi bakabikora batanguranwa.
- Iyo Umukino ukomereye abana , umurezi ashobora kubaha urugero
agahuza nk’ ibice bibiri hanyuma abana bagakomerezaho.
- Umurezi kandi ashobora kuborohereza akabaha ishusho yuzuye bakajyabahuza ibice bayireberaho.
– Umurezi ashobora gukoresha amakarita y’inyamaswa zitandukanye , izo mu
mazi, izo mu gasozi n’izo mu rugo.
– Abana bato batoranya izisa bakazishyira hamwe.
– Abana bashobora guhuza inyamaswa n’aho ziba
– Abana bakina mukino w’amajwi y’inyamaswa: umurezi ashobora kuba
yagabanya abana mu matsinda mato cyangwa abana bagatora ikarita
y’inyamaswa noneho abafite izisa bagahagarara hamwe hanyuma bakigana
ijwi ry’inyamaswa bafite.
– Umurezi agenda ahindura imikino uko abana bagenda babira ubumenyibuhagije.
- Abana batera imbere mu mitekerereze yimbitse mu gihe bahuza ibice by’
amashusho cyangwa basiga amabara ajyanye na buri shusho.
- Abana batera imbere mu mbamutima no mu mibanire n’abandi ndetse
bagasabana.
- Abana bamenyera kwikemurira ibibazo.
- Ibi bikorwa bituma imiyego y’ingingo nini n’into ikomera.
- Abana batera imbere mu kumva no kuvuga.- Abana bunguka amagambo mashya.
Umwaka wa1 n’umutwe wa 11
Umwaka wa 2, umutwe wa 13, n’uwa 14Umwaka wa 3, umutwe 13, 14 n’ uwa 15
Ibikoresho bikeneweIbumba, imbaho zo kubumbiraho, ameza, amashusho y’ imisozi n’ ibibaya.
– Umurezi ategurira abana ibumba ritunganyije , agategura n’ ameza cyangwa
imbaho zo kubumbiraho.
– Umurezi ashushanya amashusho aboneye y’ imisozi n’ ibibaya akayashyira
aho abana bari bubumbire.– Umurezi atanga amabwiriza ngenderwaho kugira ngo igikorwa cyumvikane.
Imyaka 0 kugera 3
– Umurezi ategurira abana ibumba
akarishyira ku meza cyangwa ku mbaho
bari bukorereho
– Abana babumba bakoresheje intoki zabo
– Abana bakiri bato bafata ibumba
bakarikandakanda bagerageza kubumbaicyo babwiwe cyangwa se ikindi bishakiye
Buri mwana asobanurira umurezi icyo yabumbye hanyuma umurezi
akamushimira
– Singombwa ko icyo abana babumbye kiba kiboneye ijisho kuko ubwabo baziicyo aricyo kandi barabona ari byiza
Imyaka 4 kugera 6
Nyuma umurezi ashobora gukoresha ibumba ashobora no gukoresha igitaka
cy’imonyi, igitaka cy’inombe.
- Abana bahabwa ibumba n’ imbaho zo gukoreraho cyangwa ameza
- Abana bahabwa amashusho y’imisozi n’ ibibaya
- Abana batangira gukata ibumba bakoresheje intoki zabo.
- Abana batangira kubumba imisozi barebera ku rugero rwatanzwe n’ umurezi,bakagerageza kumwigana cyangwa kumurusha kubumba umusozi ugaragara.
Imyaka 5 kugera 6
– Abana bahabwa ibumba ndetse n’ imbaho cyangwa ameza yo kubumbiraho
– Umurezi ashushanyiriza abana amashusho yoroheje y’ imisozi n’ ibibaye bitewe
n’ urugero bagezeho.
– Abana bahabwa amashusho y’ imisozi n’ ibibaya bakayitegereza ngo bayabumbe
– Abana batangira gukata ibumba bakoresheje intoki zabo
– Abana babumba imisozi n’ ibibaya nk’uko bigaragara ku mashusho bahawe n’
umurezi
– Abana kandi bamaze gutera imbere bashobora no kubumba umusozi batarebeye
ku ishusho
– Buri mwana yerekana umusozi n’ ikibaya yabumbye ndetse akabiganiriza bagenzi
be asobanura ibyo abiziho byose.
Abana bashobora kugenda babumba n’ibindi bintu biboneka mu bidukikije kandi
bikagenda bihinduka bitewe n’ insanganyamatsiko bagezeho
- Abana batera imbere mu mitekerereze yimbitse mu gihe batekereza uko
babumba umusozi.
- Abana batera imbere mu mbamutima no mu mibanire n’abandi ndetse
bagasabana.
- Abana bamenyera gushakira ibibazo ibisubizo
- Abana batera imbere mu gukorana ubushishozi.- Ibi bikorwa bituma imiyego y’ ingingo nto n’inini ikomera.
Umwaka wa1, 2, 3: umutwe wa 18.
IGICE CYA II : 2. IMIBARE
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenewe:Impapuro, ibishyimbo cyangwa ibindi binyamisogwe.
Shushanya ishusho ku ikarita; uruziga, umwashi, kare, mpande
eshatu,urukiramende cyangwa imibare ariko ubishushanye igice ishusho yose
utayigaragaje uko yakabaye. Ibyo washushanyije bigire binini bihagije kugira
ngo abana babibone mu buryo butabagoye kandi biborohere kubikoresha.
- Koresha utudomo mu kuzuza ishusho.
- Ugomba kuba ufite agakarito karimo ibishyimbo, ibigori cyangwa izindimpeke cyangwa ibinyamisogwe.
Abana bashishikarizwa kwigana uko ishusho ishushanyije bakoresheje urutoki
bakurikiza uko ishusho imeze, hanyuma bagakoresha ibishyimbo cyangwa
ibigori bakuzuza ishusho uko iri ku murongo.
– Uko abana bagenda bakura, amashusho buzuza ashobora kuba imibarecyangwa amashushongero.
- Kumenya kwitegereza.
- Gukora amashusho n’imibare.
- Guhugira ku kintu kugeza ugeza ku ntego.- Gukuza imiyego y’ingingo nto no gukorana ubushishozi.
Igihe abana batondeka ibishyimbo, ibigori, utubuye cyangwa ibindi nka byo,
umurezi agomba kubashishikariza gukoresha amaboko yombi kuko biteza imbereibice byombi by’ubwonko.
Gutegura uyu mukino w’ uruhererekane tugendera ku ntambwe zigaragarira mumashusho akurikira:
Gushyira hamwe ibihuje ibara (Imyaka 2 kugera kuri 6)
Abana bato bakururwa n’ amabara.Iyo ubahaye ibintu bifite amabara atandukanye
batanguranwa gutora no kurundarunda ibifite amabara ashimishije.
Abana bato bayatondeka uko babyumva, akenshi bakunda guhitamo ibifite amabaraasa.
Gukora uruhererekane rw’ amabara (Imyaka 4 kugera kuri 6)
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
– Impapuro z’amabara cyangwa izindi ziboneka, ikaramu y’ igiti, umukasi,
amakaramu y’amabara.
– Aho impapuro z’amabara bigoranye kuzibona umurezi yakwegera abadozi
bakamuha udutambaro tw’amabara tuba twarasagutse ku myenda badodaakaba ari two ashushanyaho agakata.
Ushushanya ikibabi ku rupapuro hanyuma ukagikata , ukagenda usiga
amabara anyuranye mu bibabi byose wakase , bitewe n’ umubare w’
uruhererekane ushaka gukora.
– Iyo ufite impapuro z’ amabara atandukanye , uzishushanyaho ishusho y’
ikibabi hanyuma ukayikataho.
– Iyo ari imyenda igomba kuba ifite amabara atandukanye, Uyishushanyahohanyuma ugakata amashusho.
– Umurezi atangira uruhererekane.
– Abana bitegereza uruhererekane bahawe hanyuma bagatondeka amashushoy’ibibabi cyangwa ibindi bubahiriza uruhererekane bahawe.
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Impapuro zisanzwe cyangwa iz’amabara iyo zihari cyangwa ikarito, umukasi,ikaramu y’ igiti.
Shushanya ishusho (uruziga, umwashi, kare, mpande eshatu n’urukiramende)
ku makarita, udukarito cyangwa ku mufuka. Ibyo washushanyije bigire binini
bihagije kugira ngo abana babibone mu buryo butabagoye kandi biboroherekubikoresha.
Abana batondeka amakarita bagendeye ku binyampande, ku maforomo cyangwa
ku mabara bitewe n’ibyo wabateguriye. Bashobora kubikora mu gihe k’ inguni y’imibare cyangwa igihe bari hanze bateza imbere ubumenyi bw’ imibare.
- Gukora amashusho n’imibare
- Ubushobozi bwo kubona no kuzuza uruhererekane rw’amabara
n’amashusho- Gukuza imiyego y’ingingo nto n’ ingingo nini no gukorana ubushishozi.
– Umwaka wa 2 umutwe wa 6: Amashushongero
– Umwaka wa 2 umutwe wa 8, umwaka wa 3 umutwe wa 9: Uruhererekanerwisubiramo.
Ibikoresho bikeneweAmakarita y’ imibare asize amabara anyuranye.
– Umurezi ategura amakarita y’ imibare , akayasiga amabara anyuranye kugira
ngo bishimishe abana. Umubare umwe wandikwa inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo
haboneke imibare ikwira abana mu matsinda.
– Umurezi ashyira mu dufuka cyangwa udukarito imibare kuva kuri 1 kugezakun 10 harimo isa. Udufuka tungana n’umubare w’amatsinda.
– Abana batondeka imibare bahereye ku muto bajya ku munini.
– Bashobora no gushyira hamwe imibare yisubiramo.
– Iki gikorwa gishobora gukorerwa mu gihe k’ inguni y’ imibare cyangwa igihe
k’ imibare aho abana bashobora gukina batanguranwa gutondeka imibarekandi babyishimiye
- Gutondeka imibare uva ku muto ujya ku munini.- Guhuza imibare isa
Koresha ibishyimbo, imifuniko y’amacupa, ibipesu cyangwa amasaro ubiheabana mu gihe k’imibare babyifashishe mu gukora imibare.
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3 : umutwe wa 1: Imibare kuva kuri 1 kugeza ku 10.
Ibikoresho bikenewe: Amabuye, aho kurambika (umukeka, shitingi), amazin’isabune byo gukaraba nyuma y’igikorwa / umukino.
– Gutoragura utubuye duto.
– Gutegura udukarito two kubikamo utubuye. Utwo dukarito tugomba kunganan’ umubare w’amatsinda iyo imyitozo ikorewe mu ishuri.
– Jyana abana bose hanze bafite amabuye yabo.
– Bashyire ku murongo babiribabiri barebana, umurongo umwe uwite ‘A’undi
uwite ‘B’.
– Bashyire ya mabuye imbere yabo.
– Umurezi asaba abana bo ku murongo wa ‘A’gufata amabuye ane.
– Abana bo ku murongo A bafata amabuye ane bakayabarira mu biganza
by’abana bo ku murongo B noneho bagasubira ku murongo wabo.
– Umurezi abwira abana bo ku murongo B gufata amabuye arindwi bakayabarira
mu biganza by’abana bo ku murongo A.– Gukomeza kubara imibare itandukanye.
Umurezi ashobora gukoresha ubu buryo mu ishuri cyangwa hanze y’ishuri mugihe k’imibare
- Ibikorwa bishingiye ku bushobozi bw’umwana,abana bose bagomba
gukora kandi mu gihe kimwe
- Abana biga gukorera hamwe.
- Abana bigira kuri bagenzi babo.
- Abana barabara, bamenya imibare, bamenya guteranya no gukuramo.
- Abana babona amahirwe yo guhaguruka, kugenda no kunama mu gihebari gukora imyitozo inyuranye.
Imyaka 4 kugera 5
– Abarezi bo mu mwaka wa kabiri w’amashuri y’inshuke bakoresha amakarita
ariho imibare kuva kuri 1 kugera kuri5 bagahamagara umubare umwana
akagenda akawufata
Imyaka 5 kugera 6
– Abana bo mu mwaka wa gatatu w’amashuri y’inshuke bakoresha amabuye bari
mu matsinda umurezi agasaba buri tsinda gutoranya umubare bakayateranya
n’ay’itsinda bateganye. Urugero:itsinda“A” bagafata amabuye atatu naho
itsinda “B” bagafata amabuye atanu bakayashyira hamwe bose bakabara
bagasanga bafite amabuye umunani.
– Bakoresha amakarita manini yanditseho imibare kuva kuri 1 kugera ku 10
Imyaka 6
– Buri mwana wo mu ishuri ry’inshuke mu mwaka wa gatatu yicaye ku ntebe
cyangwa ku mukeka / ikrago, agomba kuba afite amabuye n’agakarito.
Umurezi asaba buri mwana guteranya cyangwa gukuramo bashyira muri ka
gakarito dusanga mu rupapuro rw’isuku hanyuma bakabara amabuye bafitemu gakarito kugira ngo bamenye igisubizo.
- Umwaka wa 1 ,uwa 2 n’uwa 3 w’amashuri y’inshuke: Umutwe wa 1:kubara.
- Umwaka wa 3 w’amashuri y’inshuke: Umutwe wa 3: Guteranya no gukuramo
Ibikoresho bikenewe :Igikarito cyangwa urupapuro rukomeye, imakasi.
– Shushanya ikintu runaka. Urugero: umugozi ugoronzoye.
– Kata uduce kuri cya gishushanyo ukoresheje marikeri .
– Shushanya ishusho muri burigace ka wa mugozi.
– Wa mugozi wukatemo uduce byibuze kuva kuri 6 kugera ku10, ukatire aho
wakatishije marikeri.
– Abana buzuza urwo rukurikirane buri wese ku giti ke, babiribabiri cyangwa
mu matsinda mu gihe k’ inguni y’ ururimi cyangwa mu mikino y’ imibarehanze y’ ishuri.
Vangavanga uduce wakase, hanyuma usabe abana kuzuza umunyorogoto
bashyira hamwe twa duce .
- Abana bongera ubumenyi bwo gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda.- Abana bongera ubumenyi bwo gutekereza no kwikemurira ibibazo.
Koresha amashusho atandukanye ,amafi maremare moto cyangwa ibindi abana
bishimira.
- Umwaka wa 1 ,uwa 2 n’uwa 3 w’amashuri y’inshuke: Umutwe wa 1:kubara.
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Impapuro,amabuye, ububiko ,marikeri cyangwa amakaramu y’ igiti.
– Shyira hamwe amabuye makumyabiri afite amashusho n’ingano
zitandukanye .
– Yabike atandukanye mu gikombe,agakarito cyangwa mu gikapu.
– Fata ibuye urirambike ku rupapuro ubundi ufate marikeri cyangwa ikaramu
y’ igiti uzenguruke kuri rya buye ugenda ushushanya mu iforomo y’uko ibuye
riteye.
– Shushanya ku rupapuro rukomeye amaforomo atandukanye bitewe nuko
ibuye riteye wifashishije ya mabuye ufite.
– Shyira amabuye n’amashusho washushanyije mu nguni y’imibare maze ureke
abana babikoreshe mu igihe k’imikino yo mu nguni.
– Abana bareba bitonze ibuye bakarihuza n’ishusho ryaryo rishushanyije kurupapuro rukomeye.
- Abana baragereranya bakanapima ingano z’amashusho.
- Abana babasha gufata amabuye.
- Abana bafata ibyemezo bagendeye ku mahitamo ahari, kuko amabuyeamwe ahita ahura n’amashusho byoroshye.
– Hashobora gukoreshwa ibikoresho bigaragara neza mu guhuza ikintu runakan’ishusho yacyo.Urugero: nk’ibikombe, ibiyiko, amakaramu n’ibindi
– Umwaka wa 1 n’uwa 2 w’amashuri y’inshuke: Umutwe wa 2:Gushyira ibisa
hamwe.– Umwaka wa 2 w’amashuri y’inshuke; Umutwe wa 3: igereranya ry’ibintu.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:Uduti dufite uburebure butandukanye
Shyira hamwe uduti dufite uburebure butandukanye.
Imyaka 4-5
– Abana bagereranya uduti 2 bagatahura akagufi /akarekare.
– Abana bagereranya uduti 3 hanyuma 4.
Imyaka 5-6
– Abana batondeka ku murongo bava ku gati karekare bajya ku kagufi cyangwa
bava ku gati kagufi bajya ku gati karekare kurusha utundi.– Abana babikora mu gihe k’ imibare cyangwa mu gihe k’ inguni.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Ibumba cyangwa uduti, ahantu ho kubumbira: ameza, igikarito, hasi, amazi meza yo
gukaraba nyuma y’igikorwa.Ibumba ritabonetse wakoresha Igitaka cy’imonyi cyangwa inombe byakoreshwa.
Umurezi atunganya ibumba ( gukata ibumba bakoresheje ibiganza)
– Umurezi abumba utuntu dufite uburebure butandukanye
– Abana babumba bagendeye ku bipimo,ikigufi, ikisumbuyeho n’ ikirekire
bahereye ku rugero umurezi yabahaye.
– Iyo barangiye kubumba batondeka ibyo babumbye bagendeye ku kirekire
kurusha ibindi bajya ku kigufi kurusha ibindi.
– Abana bapima uburebure bw’ibintu bakoresheje uduti cyangwa ibumba
bakavumbura ibintu bigufi,ibirebire,...
– Abana babikora mu gihe k’ imikino yo mu nguni cyangwa igihe bari kwigagupima mu mibare.
Ibikoresho bikeneweUmufuka , marikeri, utubabi dufite uburebure butandukaye, irati.
– Shushanya ku mufuka imirongo isumbana ( imigufi, imiremire, iringaniye)
kandi mu byerekezo binyuranye.
– Tegura amababi y’ ikimera harimo ayareshya na ya mirongo washushanyijemaze uyarambike iruhande rw’ umufuka avangavanze.
– Abana bitegereza imirongo iri ku mufuka hanyuma bagahitamo akababi mu
turambitse aho iruhande bakagahuza n’ umurongo bireshya muri yayindiishushanyije ku mufuka.
Gupima uburebure, kugereranya ukoresheje ibikoresho bitandukanye
kandi biboneka mu buryo bworoshye bifasha abana gutekereza byimbitse,
gukorana ubushishozi no kwishakamo ibisubizo.
- Abana batera imbere mu kugereranya uburebure bw’ibintu bitandukanye.
- Abana bamenyera gushyira ku murongo ibintu bitandukanye ukurikije ukobirutana mu neshyo yabyo.
– Koresha ibindi bikoresho karemano nk’ amababi y’ibimera biboneka aho
mutuye.
– Abana bakiri bato cyane bashobora gupima bakoresheje ibintu bike nk’ udutidutatu, amababi atatu n’ ibindi
- Umwaka wa 1 n’uwa 2 :Umutwe wa 2: Gushyira hamwe ibisa , umutwe wa
3: Igereranya- Umwaka wa 2 :Umutwe wa 3: igereranya
Intambwe zigaragara mu mashusho akurikira zirerekana uko umurezi ashoboragukora amakarita y’ imibare
Ibikoresho bikenewe:Tripuregisi (Triplex),ikaramu y’ igiti, irati,icyuma marikeri, amakaramu y’ amabara.
– Andika imibare kuri tiripuregisi ( Triplex)
– Fata icyuma ukatemo amakarita ariho ya mibare,. Siga amabara muri ya
mibare cyangwa uharire abana bayasige mu gihe bari mubikorwa byomunguni.
Abana batondeka imibare uko babyumva bashimishijwe n’ amabara babonamo.
Bashobora kwegeranya imibare ifite ibara rimwe n’ iyindi y’irindi bara ukwayo.– Umurezi aha abana ibintu binini badashobora kumira.
- Abana bahabwa amabara n’ amakarita ariho imibare bakayisiga amabara
ari nako bamenyera uko yandikwa.Iyo bamaze kuyisiga barayitondeka ukoikurikirana.
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Ubudodo, umushipiri, ikarito, marikeri, ikaramu, ikaramu y’igiti, umusumari, bujin’ikibiriti.
– Ku gice k’ikarito shushanyaho imibare minini ukoresheje marikeri. .
– Tobora muri iyo mibare utwobo ukoresheje, ikaramu y’igiti cyangwa
umusumari; bikore witonze ku buryo utwo twobo na two tuba dukora
ishusho y’uwo mubare.
– Inyuma ku ikarito shushanyaho umurongo uhuza utwo tudomo ukoresheje
marikeri ku buryo inzira z’umubare zigaragara inyuma ku ikarito ukurikije
uko wanditse imbere.
– Gereranya uburebure bw’urudodo cyangwa umushipiri wakoreshwa mu
guhuza twa twobo twose twanyujijwe mu umubare.
– Shyira ipfundo rikomeye ku mutwe umwe w’urudodo cyangwa umushipiri
ubundi utangire uhuze twa twobo usa n’uri kudoda umwenda, uhereye aho
umubare utangirira kandi wubahiriza amerekezo y’imyandikire y’imibare.
– Twika urundi ruhande rw’ umushipiri, wifashishije buji n’ikibiriti, ukore irindi
pfundo aho umubare urangiriye ku rundi ruhande rw’ubudodo kugira ngourudodo cyangwa umushipiri bidasosoka
– Umwana ashishikarizwa kwigana umubare runaka akoresheje intoki ze,
akanabara utwobo dukoze uwo mubare.
– Umwana akoresha urudodo cyangwa umushipiri mu guhuza twa twobo
twanyujijwe muri wa mubare, yarangiza umurezi akamubwira gukuramo rwa
rudodo cyangwa wa mushipiri agahereza mugenzi we na we agakora uwomwitozo.
- Bifasha abana kumenya imibare.
- Bifasha abana gukora imibare.
- Bifasha abana kongera ubumenyi bwo gukora unitegereza.- Bifasha abana kwirinda, ubushishozi no kwikosora.
Kora amakarita afite amashusho atandukanye nk’uruziga, urukiramende, mpande
enye, mpande eshatu upfumuremo utwobo ubundi usabe abana bo mu mwaka
wa kabiri banyuzemo urudodo cyangwa umushipiri bahuza umuzenguruko.
Kora amakarita arimo imirongo yinyuranamo ushyiremo imyobo minini maze
usabe abana bafite imyaka 3 - 4 na bo bahuze ya myobo bakoresheje urudodo
cyangwa umushipiri. Fasha umwana ku buryo nta mwobo n’umwe asimbukaatanyujijemo urudodo cyangwa umushipiri.
- Umwaka wa 1 uwa 2 n’uwa 3 w’amashuri y’inshuke: Umutwe wa 1:
Imibare, kubara.- Umwaka wa 3 w’ amashuri y’inshuke: Umutwe wa 7: Amashusho ngero
Gutondeka imibare ku biti
Buri mwana afata igiti kimwe kiriho umubareakawumenya ku buryo nibawuhamagarayitaba.
Gushinga ibiti biriho imibare mu gasanduku k’ imibare
Abana bashinga mu gasanduku ibiti biriho imibare bari bafite igihe bakinaga
umukino, buri mwana agatunganya umubare we neza ku buryo ugaragara
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Ibikarito, umukasi, ,impapuro z’amabara, inkoni cyangwa ibiti bito , marikeri,
ubujeni cyangwa amata y’imiyenzi...
– Andika imibare ku makarita byibuze buri mubare wisubiremo inshuro zirenga
eshatu.
– Shyira amakarita ku uduti ukoresheje ubujeni noneho udutondeke.
– Umwana ava mu mwanya we akaza agafata agati kariho agapapuro kanditseho
umubare runaka maze agasubira mu mwanya we.
– Umurezi asaba abana kureba imibare yanditse ku dupapuro, akababwira
ko navuga umubare runaka umwana uwufite, yitaba avuga ati: “Ndi hano”
hanyuma agahaguruka akabwira bagenzi be umubare afite. Urugero: Gatanu
uri he? Maze umwana ufite uwo mubare agahaguruka akavuga ati: “Ndi
hano.” Akazamura agati afite akabwira abandi umubare afite.
– Umurezi akomeza guhamagara n’indi mibare abana bakitaba nk’uko uwa
mbere yabikoze.
– Uyu mukino abana bawukina mu igihe cy’ ubumenyi bw’imibare cyangwa mu
gihe k’imikino yo mu nguni.
– Umwana umaze kuvuga umubare we akanawerekana , aragenda akawushingamu gasanduku k’ imibare
– Umurezi asaba buri mwana gufata imibare ibiri itandukanye, akabwira abana
bafite imibare isa bakegerana, cyangwa abana bagakoresha imibare yanditse
ku mabuye.
– iyi mfashanyigisho yakwifashishwa mu mwitozo wo guhuza ikarita iriho
umubare n’ingano y’ibintu.
Imibare yanditse ku mabuye ( imyaka 5 kugera 6)
- Gutondeka imibare- Gufata mu mutwe imibare
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Impapuro, marikeri, ikaramu y’igiti.
Kata impapuro nyinshi mu ishusho y’igi cyangwa indi shusho maze wandikehoimibare itandukanye.
- Umwana afata urupapuro maze akareba umubare uriho agakora utudomo
tungana n’umubare wanditse ku rupapuro yafashe, yifashishije ikaramu
y’igiti.
- Abana bakora mu gihe k’imibare cyangwa mu gihe k’imikino yo mu ngunicyangwa umubyeyi akabikorana n’umwana we bari mu rugo
- Byongera ubumenyi bwo kubara no kwibuka imibare.- Uyu mwitozo kandi ufasha abana gukuza imiyego y’ingingo nto .
- Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1: Imibare.
– Abana batekereza umubare uri kuburamo bakawuvuga.– Bashaka umubare ubura mu gakarito k’imibare bakawushyira mu myanya wawo.
- Abana barabara bagatekereza imibare iri kuburamo. Iyo mibare iba yubitse
imbere yabo.
- Iyo bashoboye kumenya umubare ubura , bubura ikarita imwe yasanga ihuye
n’ uwo mubare akayitondeka mu mwanya wayo.
- Iyo umwana asanze iyo yubuye atari yo arongera akayubika aho yariri akuburaindi
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Igikarito , irati, marikeri, imifuniko y’amacupa cyangwa amakarita mato akoze mubikarito cyangwa mu mpapuro zikomeye.
– Shushanya utuzu turi ku murongo umwe cyangwa imirongo ibiri iteganye ku
gikarito, ukoresheje irati na marikeri. Shaka imifuniko y’amacupa. Ushobora
no gukata udukarita duto ugereranyije n’utuzu washushanyije mu ikarito.
– Andika imibare neza uko ikurikirana muri twa tuzu ku gikarito wubahiriza uko
ikurikirana, nta numwe usimbutse.
– Andika imibare ku mifuniko y’amacupa cyangwa ku dukarita duto wakoze mu
rupapuro rukomeye cyangwa mu ikarito.
– Shyira imifuniko y’amacupa yanditseho imibare cyangwa udukarita duto,
muri twa tuzu twanditsemo imibare. Bikore ubihuza kandi wubahiriza uko
imibare ikurikirana ariko ugende usimbukamo imibare imwe n’imwe iza
kuzuzwa hakoreshejwe imifuniko cyangwa udukarita tutashyizwe mu tuzubihuje imibare.
– Umwana asoma imibare yanditse mu tuzu, ku ikarito ayikoraho, iyo ageze
ahantu hari umubare ubura awuzuzamo akoresheje ya mifuniko y’amacupa
cyangwa twa dukarito duto twasimbutswe tuba twanditseho imibare.
– Umurezi n’abandi bana bashimira umwana wujuje neza utuzu akoreshejeimifuniko cyangwa agakarita kariho umubare bijyanye.
- Kumenya imibare no kuyitondeka ku murongo yubahiriza uko ikurikirana.
– Guhuza imibare n’utudomo turi ku mifuniko y’amacupa cyangwa ku dukarita
duto.
– Uyu mukino ukinwa n’abana bafite imyaka 5 - 6.
- Umwaka wa 1, uwa 2 n’uwa 3 :Umutwe wa 1: kubara- Umwaka wa 3 : Umutwe wa 4: Gutondeka
Imyaka 3 kugera 4
Ibikoresho bikeneweIgikarito, irati, marikeri,imakasi.
– Fata ibikarito bikomeye ukatemo urukiramende, kata byinshi cyane bitewe
n’ibyo ukeneye.
– Hejuru ku rukiramende andikaho umubare rimwe, hasi ushushanyeho
ishusho imwe / akadomo kamwe.
– Ku rundi rukiramende na rwo rungana nk’urwa mbere hejuru andikaho kabiri
hasi ushushanyeho amashusho abiri cyangwa ushyireho amafoto abiri.
– Komeza utyo kugera igihe urangirije imibare yose ushaka ariko ukore uko
ushoboye imibare n’amashusho bibe ari binini cyane ku buryo byorohera
umwana kubibona no kubikoresha.
– Fata buri rukiramende urukate utandukanye imibare n’amashusho / utudomo
ubikate mu ishusho ushaka ariko yorohera umwana mu gihe cyo guhuza
imibare n’amashusho / utudomo.
– Mu gihe k’imibare umurezi aha abana amabwiriza, akabereka uduce
twanditseho imibare n’uduce dushushanyijeho amashusho, akabasaba
gufata uduce twanditseho imibare buri wese ku giti ke akajya ahuza agace
kariho amashusho n’agace akariho umubare ungana n’ayo mashusho..
– Ereka abana ko umubare umwe ujyana n’agace kariho amashusho kamwe
nibabihuza ntibihure neza ubwo baraba bashyize umubare aho udakwiye
kujya kuko buri mubare wuzuzanya n’agace kariho amashusho angana n’uwo
mubare gusa.
– Abana b’imyaka 6 bahuza neza amakarita yombi bakoresheje kubara
amashusho bagahuza n’umubare bingana.
– Bika neze ayo makarita yanditseho imibare n’ashushanyijeho, ahantu atari
bwangirike.
- Iyi ni inkomoko y’ubwigenge mu kwitoza guhuza imibare n’icyo bijyanye.
- Bituma umwana afata mu mutwe imibare, maze yazagera mu mwaka wa 3
w’amashuri y’inshuke akazamenya gukuramo no guteranya byihuse.
- Abana bakoresha imiyego y’ingingo nto mu gihe bahuza ibice by’ifotoy’urungabangabo
– Imikino yo guhuza imibare n’ingano y’ibintu igenewe abana b’imyaka 5 - 6.
– Abana bato b’imyaka 3 - 4 ntibahuza imibare n’amashusho, bahuza
amashusho y’ibintu bifite icyo bihuriyeho. Urugero ugashushanya inka hejuru
hasi ukahashyira igikombe cy’amata; urubuto rukasemo kabiri n’urubutorudakase; ikaramu n’ikayi; umuti woza amenyo n’uburoso bw’amenyo.
- Umwaka wa 1 n’uwa 2: umutwe wa 1: Kubara.
Ibikoresho bikeneweIgikarito kinini, amakaramu y’ amabara cyangwa irangi, urudodo rurerure.
– Andika imibare ikurikiranye ku ruhande rw’ ibumoso ( 1,2,3,4,5,..). Andika
utudomo tungana na buri mubare umwe mu yo wanditse ariko uvangavange
ntuyikurikiranye.
– Abana bifashisha urudodo bagahuza umubare n’ utudomo tungana n’ uwomubare. Bikorwa mu gihe k’ imikino yo mu nguni.
- Kumenyera gukorana ubushishozi no kwitegereza mu gihe bahuza
amashusho asize amabara n’ibyerekezo byayo.
- Bikomeza ingingo nto.
- Kumenya amerekezo.
- Kwihangana, kwitegereza no gutekereza byimbitse.
- Kumenya kwikemurira ibibazo.- Kongera ubumenyi bw’imibare.
- Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3: umutwe wa 1: Kubara.
Intambwe zo gukora imfashanyigisho z’ amashusho ngero zira mu mashusho
akurikira:
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Amakarito, Tiripuregisi ( triplex), imakasi, marikeri, ikaramu y’ igiti, irati, icyuma ,
kompaTeripuregisi itabonetse wakoresha igikarito gikomeye cyangwa ibice by’ijerekani.
– Ku gikarito shushanyaho mpaneshatu, mpandenye(urukiramende na kare),
uruziga. Ni ngobwa gukora twinshi kandi tunyuranye, tutangana kugira ngo
tuzifashishwe mu myitozo itandukanye.
– Fata icyuma ukate ya mashushongero ,unyuze mu mirongo washushanyije
hanyuma uyatandukanye naho yari ashushanyije.
– Gusiga amabara amashushongero yose yakaswe.– Yavangavange uyarambike iruhande rw’aho wayakase
- Abana bagira ubushobozi bwo kwikemurira ibibazo, bakamenya ibisa
n’ibidasa .
- Bifasha abana gutekereza byagutse bikanateza imbere imiyego y’ingingo nto.
- Abana biga kwifatira ibyemezo ku giti cyabo.
- Biga guhitamo icyo bashaka bagendeye ku myanzuro yabo.
- Abana bamenyera gukorana ubushishozi.
– Abana mu myaka yose bashobora kubumba amashushongero bakabikora kurugero rwabo.
- Umwaka wa 1 n’uwa 2: Umutwe wa 2: Gushyira hamwe ibisa, umutwe wa
3: Igereranya
- Umwaka wa 2: Umutwe wa 2: Gushyira hamwe ibisa; umutwe wa 3:
Igereranya.
- Umwaka wa 3: Umutwe wa 2: Gushyira hamwe ibisa.
Kubumba ibiceri ukoresheje ibumba ( imyaka 3 kugera 6)Intambwe zo kubumba ibiceri mu ibumba ziragaragara mu mashusho akurikira
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
– Ibumba, icyuma n’ urubaho rwo kubumbiraho igikarito cyangwa urupapuro
rukomeye– Igitaka k’imonyi cyangwa inombe cyakwifashishwa ibumba ribuze.
– Tangira ukata ibumba ukoresheje intoki , hanyuma ufate igiceri ugitsindagire
muri rya bumba hagati, kirishushanyamo, hanyuma ucyomoremo, harasigara
ishusho yacyo.
– Fata icyuma ukate ibumba riri ku mpande y’ igiceri kugira ngo igiceri gisigarekimeze neza
Ibikoresho bikenewe
– Kora inoti ukata impapuro zingana n’amafaranga wandikeho imibare: 500, 1000,
2000, 5000. Hanyuma ufate ibiceri bibumbye mu ibumba cyangwa imifuniko
y’amacupa maze ikoreshwe nk’ibiceri bya 5, 10, 20, 50, 100.
– Shaka ububiko bwo kubikamo ibiceri (icupa rya parasitike, igikombe, agakarito
n’ibindi.)
Uko umukino ukinwa:
- Mu mikino yo mu nguni umurezi afasha abana kwitoranyamo ababa abakozi
ba banki n’ababa baje babagana , baje kubitsa cyangwa kubikuza
- Abana baje kubitsa babwira umukozi wa banki kubabikira cyangwa
kubabikuriza amafaranga.
- Abaje kubitsa baha umukozi wa banki amafaranga akayabara, abakorera
urupapuro rugararaza ko babikije cyangwa babikuje amafaranga akarubaha
bakarusinyaho hanyuma bakarumusubiza, na bo bagatwara urundi bisa.
- Abaje kubikuza umukozi wa banki abaha amafaranga bakayabara barangiza
bagataha.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Fata udukarito turimo ubusa n’ibindi bintu bitandukanye twasanga mu idukank’amakaye, amakaramu, amazi n’ibindi, maze ushyire igiciro kuri buri kintu.
Uko Umukino ukinwa:
- Mu gihe k’imibare cyangwa mu itangira ry’imikino yo mu nguni umurezi
afasha abana kwitoranyamo abacuruzi n’abaguzi
- Abana bahitamo icyo bashaka kugura bakabaza igiciro cyacyo.
- Iyo bagiye kwishyura icyo basabye umucuruzi, babara inoti cyangwa ibiceri
bakishyura.
- Umucuruzi yakira amafaranga akayagumana agahereza umuguzi icyo
yamusabye maze na we agatwara ibyo yaguze.
- Abana bigana ibintu babona mu rugo n’amazina yabyo bikongera ubumenyi
bwabo n’uburyo amagambo akoreshwa.
- Abana babona amahirwe yo kwitegereza, gukina hanze bagaragaza
ibitekerezo n’imbamutima byabo.
- Abana biga gutandukanya inoti n’ibiceri.
- Abana bagira amahirwe yo guhuza amafaranga no kugura no kugurisha.
- Abana babona amahirwe yo gukoresha amagambo ajyanye no kugura no
kugurisha.- Iyo uri kwandika inyemezabwishyu harimo uburyo bwo kwitoza kwandika.
– Igihe bakina bigana ni ngombwa kubabonera ibikoresho bikenerwa bitumaagaragaza neza uwo ari we.
- Umwaka wa 1 n’uwa 2 : Umutwe wa 5: Gutandukanya ibiceri n’inoti.- Umwaka wa 3 : Umutwe wa 6: Gukoresha neza amafaranga.
bikoresho bikeneweIbikoresho by’ibanze, ikarito cyangwa imbaho zoroshye za teripuregisi (triplex)
Intambwe zo gukora udutafari two
gutombora twa dayisi “dice”
– Imikino ikoreshwamo udutafari twa
dayisi “dice” ishobora kwifashisha
utudomo, imibare, amabara cyangwa
amashusho.
– Dayisi (dice) igizwe n’impande 6 zingana.
– Fata ikarito / urubaho upime mpandenye mu bice 6 bingana zikoze ishusho
y’umusaraba nk’uko bigaragara ku ishisho. Kata udukarita tungana twa
mpandenye muri ya shusho y’umusaraba ubundi ushushanyeho utudomo
(tugaragaza imibare itandukanye) kuri za mpandenye zigize uwo musaraba.
– Huza ayo mashusho ya mpandenye ukoresheje sikoci.
– Zengurutsaho sikoci cyangwa ubujeni kugira ngo ibyo bice bifatane nezabikomere kandi ntibyangirike.
Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha uyu mukino wo gutombora ari bwobukurikira :
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Udutafari twa dayisi “dice“ turiho imibare kuva kuri 1 kugeza 10
Uko umukino ukinwa :
- Uyu mukino usaba abana barenze babiri byibuze kandi bazi imibare mu
mutwe bagaterera agatafari ka dayisi “dice” hejuru kugira ngo bafore imibare
bahisemo.
- Mbere yo gutera hejuru dayisi (dice) buri mwana ahitamo umubare ashaka
gutombora kuva kuri 1 kugera ku 10 biterwa n’ikigero cy’umwana. Buri
ruhande rw’ agatafari ka diyisi “dice” ruba ruriho imibare itandukanye n’iri
ku rundi ruhande.
- Abana barenze umwe bashobora guhitamo umubare umwe. Umwe arabanza
agatombora yarangiza agahereza agatafari ka dayisi “dice” mugenzi we na
we agatombora .
- Iyo umwana atomboye umubare yari yahisemo arabishimirwa agahereza
mugenzi we na we agatombora. Iyo atawutomboye yemererwa gusubiramo
rimwe.
- Barakomeza gukina kugeza igihe cyagenwe kirangiye.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Udutafari twa dayisi “dice” turiho imibare itandukanye, ibishyimbo, utubuye,
imifuniko y’amacupa cyangwa ibigori, igikombe cyangwa ikarito yo kubikamo ibyobikoresho.
– Umurezi abwira abana uko umukino ukorwa mu gihe k’imibare cyangwa
mu gihe k’imikino yo mu nguni.
– Batangira umukino hari igikombe cyangwa agakarito karimo ibishyimbo /
ibigori /utubuye.
– Abana babiri bakina bashyira udutafari twa dayisi “dice” ku meza cyangwa
ku kirago / umukeka.
– Umwana aterera agatafari hejuru maze uko kaguye akareba umubare uri
ku gice cyo hejuru, akabara ibishyimbo, ibigori cyangwa utubuye bingana
n’umubare yatomboye (umubare wagaragaye kuri cya gice cyo hejuru)
akabikura muri cya gikombe cyangwa agakarito byarimo, akabigumana.
– Abana barakomeza bagakina kugeza ubwo ibishyimbo, ibigori cyangwa
utubuye byari byateganyijwe bishizemo.– Buri mwana abara ibyo afite atavuga umubare.
– Uburyo bwo guhindura imfashanyigisho.
Ushobora gukora amakarita yanditseho imibare itandukanye maze umwana
akanaga agatafari ka dayisi “dice” iriho utudomo cyangwa amashusho hejuru
hanyuma ahereye ku mubare w’ utudomo waje hejuru umwana akajya gutoranya
ikarita iriho umubare bihwanye.
Ushobora no guhindura amakarita akabaho amashusho, dayisi ikabaho imibare.
– Uyu mukino ukinwa mu gihe k’ imibare ku ruziga , mu gihe k’ imikino yo mu
nguni, haba mu ishuri cyangwa hanze y’ ishuri ndetse no mu rugo.– Abana bakina ari babiribabiri cyangwa mu matsinda mato.
- . Uyu mukino wigisha abana imibanire n’abandi.
- Uyu mukino utuma abana bishima ndetse n’imiyego y’ingingo ntoya
igakura.
- Umukino wo gutombora wigisha abana imibare, kubara, guteranya no
gukuramo mu buryo bwihuse.
Umwaka wa 2; Umutwe wa 1: Imibare .Umwaka wa 3: Umutwe wa 1: Imibare no guteranya
Ibikoresho bikeneweUdukombe dutandukanye: utunini n’uduto, umucanga.
- Abana bayorera umucanga mu dukombe bakuzuza .
- Abana bashobora guteranyiriza umucanga mu gakombe kamwe cyangwabakawugabanyiriza mu tundi dukombe.
– Abana buzuza umucanga mu dukombe dutatu cyangwa twinshi ariko bagasiga
utundi dukombe turimo ubusa.
– Umurezi asaba abana kugabanyiriza wa mucanga mu tundi dukombe turimo
ubusa.
– Abana bagenda basuka umucanga muri twa dukombe turimo ubusa ,
bakagabanya umucanga wari uri mu dukombe bawugabanyiriza mu tundi
bingana bakaringaniza cyangwa bagasumbanya bitewe n’ ibyo umurezi
yababwiye.– Umurezi agenda ababaza ahari byinshi / bike.
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Imifuka, impapuro z’amabara, amakarita akoze mu rupapuro rukomeye,marikeri,
ubujeni.
– Tegura amakarita ku rupapuro rukomeye kandi ukoreshe amabara
atandukanye.
– Kata amashusho arindwi mu ishusho nziza ishimisha abana, yakate mu
mabara atandukanye.
– Andika iminsi y’icyumweru kuri ayo mashusho cyangwa ku makarita mazeuyatake ku rukuta, ukoresheje ubujeni cyangwa amata y’imiyenzi.
– Umurezi yigisha abana amazina y’iminsi y’icyumweru yifashishije indirimbo
cyangwa imivugo
– Umurezi abaza abana ngo “uyu munsi ni ku wa kangahe?” .
– Umurezi ashyira ku rukuta amakarita yanditseho iminsi y’icyumwerun
hanyuma agasaba abana kujya gushaka umunsi bariho ku rukuta .
– Umurezi amenyereza abana umunsi bagezeho ,akabereka aho wanditse.
– Umurezi n’abana bafashanya kwibukiranya uko iminsi y’icyumweru
ikurikirana.
– Abana bashobora kumenya umunsi bagezehe bagendeye ku mabara
yanditswemo
– Umurezi yigisha iminsi igize icyumweru, mu gitondo abana bari ku ruziga
cyangwa mu igihe k’imibare bakamenyera kuvuga umunsi bagezeho burimunsi.
- Abana bafata mu mutwe iminsi y’icyumweru- Abana bashobora gutondeka amakarita yanditseho iminsi y’icyumweru.
IGICE CYA III: GUTEGURA ISHURI
Uko bitegurwa:
- Umurezi ategura zimwe mu mfashanyigisho zo kumanika mu ishuri,
zigahoraho, kubera ko ibikorwa biba bigaragaraho ari byo abana bagenderaho
iminsi yose baba bari ku ishuri.
- Umurezi azimanika ahantu haboneye kandi abana bashobora gushyikira.
- Umurezi asobanurira abana kandi akabamenyereza kujya barebaho buri
munsi.
Urugero:
Ingengabihe y’ ibikorwa bya buri munsi: abana bamenyera uko ibikorwa by’ umunsi
bikurikirana.
Inguni : Abana bamenyera aho buri nguni iherereye n’ imfashanyigisho zibonekamo
ku buryo watuma umwana igikoresho iki n’ iki akamenya aho agisanga
Abana bitabiriye ishuri rya buri munsi: Abana barabimenyera ndetse bagashobora
no kumenya umwana wasibye, abo baturanye bakaba bamenya n’ ikibazo yagize.
Umurezi nawe biramworohera mu kugenzura ishuri rye.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Imifuka, imishito yo mu duti cyangwa ibikenyeri by’amasaka, urupapuro rukomeye
rw’ibara, marikeri n’amakaramu y’amabara.
– Kata umufuka ku ruhande rumwe ku buryo ugira igipande kimwe kinini.
– Kata igice cy’umufuka nka cm 10 ku 10 noneho udodereho kuri wa mufuka
munini.(reba ifoto hejuru).
– Kora amakarita ariho imibare 1-9, 0-9 ku bakobwa na 1- 9, 0-9 ku bahungu
uyuzuze mu gafuka.
– Kata imishito uyigabanyemo kabiri ukoresheje agakero gato.
– Siga ku mpera z’uduti ukoresheje amabara atandukanye; abahungu ibara
ryabo n’abakobwa ibara ryabo.
– Andikaho ibirango: umubare w’abitabiriye, abahungu n’abakobwa; nk’uko
bigaragara ku gishushanyo.
– Mu cyumweru cya mbere k’itangira ry’ishuri, abana bigishwa n’umurezi uko
bakoresha ahandikwa abitabiriye,igihe abanyeshuri binjiye mu ishuri, bafata
ibara ry’agati nyako bakakajyana mu gafuka k’abakobwa n’abahungu.
– Igihe abana bose baje, umurezi afatanyije n’abana abara uduti tw’abahungu
n’uduti tw’abakobwa, agasuzuma abanyeshuri baje.
– Umurezi agaragaza abahungu n’abakobwa baje akanagaragaza igiteranyo
cy’abahari bose mu ishuri.
– Umurezi ashobora kuvuga niba abakobwa aribo baje ari benshi kurusha
abahungu cyangwa se niba abahungu baruta abakobwa.
– Ashobora no kugaragaza niba abanyeshuri baje uyu munsi ari bo bake kuruta
abaje ejo hashize.
– Uko abanyeshuri bagenda bamenya imibare neza mu mwaka wa 3, abana
bashobora gukomeza kubara uduti ubwabo, bakareba umubare bijyanye.Igihe bikoreshwa.
– Ibi bimanikwa iruhande rw’urugi rw’ishuri kugira ngo abana babashe kubikoresha
igihe binjiye mu ishuri bwa mbere.
– Umurezi abyifashisha kugira ngo yuzuze ibidanago by’abitabiriye ishuri. Igihe
wamanitse ibi nta bwo ari ngombwa kongera kwandika umubare w’abaje
n’abasibye ku kibaho.
Ibi bizafasha mu kuzuza neza ikidanago kigaragaza abitabiriye ishuri
n’abasibye.
- Abana baziga kubara imibare bava ku mito bajya ku minini banige kuyibara
bava ku minini bajya ku mito.
- Iterambere mu miyego: mu gufata uduti badushyira mu mwanya watwo
wabugenewe bakanavangura imibare yanditse ku makarita.
- Abana bigiramo uburinganire bw’ibitsina byombi bagatangira gukoresha
imvugo nyayo.
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenewe:
Umufuka, urupapuro rukomeye rw’ibara.
Kata umufuka uwutunganye neza ku mpera zawo.
– Rambura umufuka hasi cyangwa ku meza noneho ushyireho ibishushanyo
by’ibikorwa by’abana. Gabanyamo umwanya ungana kuri buri gikorwa.
– Shushanya ibishushanyo bya buri gikorwa. Ugenzure niba ishusho y’igikorwa
ari ndende bihagije ku buryo abana bayibona neza. Shyiraho igihe n’izina rya
buri gikorwa.
Igihe bikoreshwa:
– Bishobora gukoreshwa mu ntangiriro y’umunsi bigafasha abana kumenya
ibikorwa by’umunsi, n’ibiri bukurikireho.
– Ku ntangiro ya buri gikorwa cyanecyane mu ntangiriro z’umwaka, umurezi
agomba kwereka abana gahunda y’umunsi akerekana igikorwa kiba kigiye
gukurikiraho.
– Gahunda y’umunsi ishobora nanone gukoreshwa nk’ishakiro ry’umurezi, bifasha
kandi abana n’abashyitsi kumenya ibijyanye n’igikorwa kiri gukorwa mu ishuri
ndetse n’igikurikiraho.
Ibi bizafasha umurezi n’abana gukurikiza igihe banumva neza ko ibikorwa
biba bitandukanye muri gahunda y’umunsi.
- Abana batera imbere mu kumenya igihe no gukurikiza ibikorwa by’umunsi
Imibare yo ku makarita ikoreshwa mu kugaragaza abitabiriye n’abasibye,
ikoreshwa kandi mu bindi bikorwa no ku ruziga mu guteza imbere imibare.
– Amakarita agaragaza inguni agomba kugaragara amanitse mu ishuri ku nkuta.
– Imfashanyigisho zigomba kuba ziteguye muri izo nguni. (Urugero: mu nguni
y’imibare hategurwa imfashanyigisho z’imibare, mu nguni y’indimi hategurwa
imfashanyigisho z’indimi, n’izindi).
Umwaka wa 3; umutwe wa 5: Ibikorwa by’umunsi n’iby’icyumeru.
Umwaka wa1n’uwa 2; umutwe wa 4: Gahunda y’umunsi
Kubika neza imfashanyigisho ni ngombwa cyane kubera ko bifasha umurezi kuzigeraho
ku buryo bworoshye igihe azikeneye mu kwigisha ikigwa runaka. Imfashanyigisho
zishobora kubikwa hamwe mu kintu kimwe ugendeye ku byigwa cyangwa ku bwoko
bwazo. Imfashanyigisho zibitse neza bifasha umurezi kuzibungabunga bityo akaba
yamenya izangiritse akazisana cyangwa izabuze akazisimbuza izindi.
Kubika neza imfashanyigisho kandi byongera bikanakuza ubumenyi bwo gufata
neza ibintu haba ku murezi ndetse no ku bana muri rusange.
Imfashanyigisho zibikwa ahantu humutse kandi hatekanye kugira ngo zitangirika.
Zigomba kubikwa aho abana bagera. Imfashanyigisho zabikwa nko mu isanduka,
mu tubati, mu mifuka idoze neza yabugenewe, mu macupa mu tujerekani dukase,
mu bikarito cyangwa mu ibahasha n’ahandi hatekanye.
Amashusho akurikira arerekana bumwe mu bubiko umureziashobora kwikorera
bukamufasha kubika neza imfashanyigisho:
– Ububiko bw’ ibitabo bukoze mu gitambaro n’ ubundi bukoze mu ibahasha
Ububiko bw’ amakarita y’ inyuguti, ay’ imibare bukase mu tujerekani.
– Ububiko bw’imfashanyigisho zinyuranye bukoze mu bikarito, buri bwoko mu
kazu kayo
– Ububiko bw’ inyuguti bukozwe mu gafuka
– Ububiko bukozwe mu bikombe
– Ububiko bukozwe mu bikombe: kubika imfashanyigisho mu bikombe bikorwa
hirindwa ko nyuma yo kuzikoresha zazasandagurika. Umurezi asabwa gutoranya
igikombe cyaba icya parasitiki cyangwa icy’icyuma.
Ikitonderwa : Ububiko bw’ ibumba bugomba kuba bwihariye. Ibumba ribikwa mu
ishashi cyangwa mu gikombe gikonje kandi gifunze neza kugira ngo rituma.
- Integanyanyigisho y’ uburezi bw’ inshuke kuva ku myaka 3 kugeza ku
myaka 6
- Igitabo k’ikinyarwanda ( amashuri y’ inshuke mu Rwanda)
- Early childhood Development Kit ( a treasure box of activities)
- Igipimo ngenderwaho mu mashuri y’ inshuke
IGICE CYA II : 3 :INDIMI
- Mu gihe ukora cyangwa utegura imfashanyigisho zijyanye n’inyuguti, koresha
inyandiko yabugenewe mu myandikire y’inyuguti nk’uko bigaragara ku ifoto
yatanzwe hasi.
- Ca imirongo iza kubahirizwa mu kwandika inyuguti ukoresheje irati kugira ngo
inyandiko zize kuba zigaragara neza
- Banza wandike inyuguti ukoresheje ikaramu y’igiti kugira ngo nibiba ngombwa
ko usiba bikorohere mu rwego rwo kugira ngo inyuguti zikwire aho zandikwa
- Nyuza marikeri mu nyuguti wanditse n’ikaramu y’igiti kugira ngo zibashe
kugaragara neza.
Ibikoresho bikenewe: umufuka w’ibara rimwe kandi utagize ikindi cyanditseho,
marikeri, umukasi, irati, icyuma, buji.
- Ca umurongo ugororotse aho ushaka gukatira umufuka wawe.
- Koresha icyuma gishyushye cyangwa umukasi mugihe ukata umufuka
wawe.
- Funika impande z’ umufuka wawe aho wakase hose ukoresheje sikoci
mugihe umaze kuwukata kugira ngo utadodoka.
- Iyo wakoresheje icyuma gishyushe si ngombwa gufunika impera z’umufuka
kuko iyo humutse hahita hakomera.
– Udafite umufuka ushobora gukoresha ibikoresho bikurikira byandikwaho
inyuguti : Imbaho za tripuregisi, ibikarito, ibipapuro bikomeye cyangwa
ibitambaro.
– Uko wakora imfashanyigisho iriho amashusho n’inyandiko:
Ì Ca imirongo maze ushushanye ukoresheje ikaramu y’igiti kugira ngo ifoto
cyangwa inyandiko zize gukwirwamo neza.
Ì Iyo umaze gukoresha ikaramu y’igiti ushushanya cyangwa wandika
usubiramo imirongo ukoresheje igikoresho kiramba nka marikeri cyangwa
irangi ry’ amavuta hakoreshejwe uburoso bw’amarangi.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Ibikarito, umufuka cyangwa impapuro nini zo kwandikaho, udukarita duto cyangwa
imifuniko y’ amacupa, irati, marikeri, imakasi, amakarita y’inyuguti
– Fata igikarito, igipapuro kinini cyangwa umufuka, upime utuzu 24 tungana ku
buryo buri kazu gakwirwamo umufuniko w’icupa cyangwa ikarita y’inyuguti
( koresha imirongo 4 itambitse n’imirongo 6 ihagaze cyangwa 3 itambitse
n’imirongo 8 ihagaze)
– Andika inyuguti imwe muri buri kazu.
– Izo nyuguti kandi zandike ku mifuniko y’amacupa cyangwa ku makarita
wakase mu gikarito.
– Muri uyu mukino abana bitegereza buri nyuguti yanditse mu kazu kari ku
gikarito , bagashaka iyo bisa iri ku ikarita cyangwa ku mufundikizo w’ icupa,
hanyuma agafata iyo karita akagereka ku nyuguti imeze kimwe n’ iyanditse ku
gikarito akabihuza.
– Hashobora gukoreshwa inyuguti nto cyangwa inyuguti nkuru.
– Abana bashobora no gukina uyu mukino bahuza inyuguti nto n’inkuru zazo
mu gihe bamaze kuziga zose.
– Buri mwana ashobora gukora wenyine cyangwa bagakorera mu matsinda
ya babiribabiri (Inyuguti nkuru ni mu mwaka wa 2 naho inyuguti nto ndetse
n’izivanze ni mu mwaka wa 3 w’amashuri y’inshuke )
– Uyu mukino wongerwa mu nguni y’ ururimi.
- Abana bamenyera inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
- Abana bakuza ubushobozi bwo gukorana ubushishozi, bagateza imbere
imiyego y’ingingo nto bigashyigikira imikorere y’ubwonko bw’ibumoso n’
ubw’iburyo
- Iyo abana bakoranye ari babiribabiri bazamura ubushobozi mu
mbamutima, mu bufatanye, mu rurimi no mu busabane.
- Abana bazamura ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ imbogamizi mu gihe k’
ibikorwa by’imyigire no kwirinda ibyabarangaza.
– Ushobora gukoresha amakarita y’ inyuguti nto cyangwa inkuru bitewe n’
ikigero cy’ abana.
– Muri iyi mikino ni ngombwa gushishikariza abana gukoresha amaboko yombi
Iyi mfashanyigisho y’ inyuguti itegurwa mu buryo igaragara nk’ikinyamubyimba.
Igomba kuba ikurura amatsiko y’umwana. Ibi kugira ngo bigerweho wubaka
inyuguti ku buryo bw’ ikinyamubyimba imbere ugafungiranamo ibintu bishobora
gutanga amajwi igihe umwana akoze ku mfashanyigisho cyangwa igihe ayijunguje.
Ibi bikurura umwana cyane ko aba ageze mu gihe ashaka kuvumbura amajwi
akinisha ibintu bitandukanye. Izi nyuguti zigomba kuba zisennye neza ku buryo
zidakomeretsa umwana.
Ibikoresho bikenewe: Amakarita y’inyuguti.
- Umurezi atondeka amakarita y’inyuguti zikurikiranye ku murongo wa
mbere.
- Ku murongo wa kabiri azitondeka akuramo zimwe akazubika.
- Abana bitegereza uko amakarita atondetse mu mirongo yombi bagatahura
inyuguti ibura mu murongo wa kabiri bakayishyira mu mwanya wayo.
- Umurezi arongera akavanga amakarita akayakura mu mwanya yari arimo,
hanyuma agahisha udukarita tubiri batamureba akabaza abana inyuguti
ziri kubura
- Abana batekereza inyuguti iri kubura bakayivuga kandi bakubura agakarita
yanditseho bakayishyira mu mwanya wayo.
- Buri mwana afata ikarita y’inyuguti (iyo hari abana barenga 24, wongeraho
irindi tsinda ry’ inyuguti).
- Abana baririmba itonde ry’inyuguti bagendagenda cyangwa biyereka mu
ishuri.
- Umurezi avuga izina ry’inyuguti azikurikiranya uko ziri mu itonde
ry’inyuguti.
- Umwana wumvise bageze ku izina ry’inyuguti afite, azamura ikiganza
kirimo iyo nyuguti agahagarara imbere.
- Inyuguti zose zirangiye, abana bongera kuririmba itonde ry’inyuguti
bagendagenda mu ishuri bajya kwicara mu myanya yabo.
- Uyu mukino ukinwa mu gihe cy’ ubumenyi bw’ ururimi.
- Abana bamenyera inyuguti
- Abana batera imbere mu mbamutima
- Abana bazamura ubumenyi mu kumva no gutandukanya amajwi
Uyu mukino ukinwa bamaze kwiga inyuguti zose.
Umwaka wa 2, umutwe wa 5: Imyigishirize y’ inyuguti
Umwaka wa 3, umutwe wa 4 n’uwa 5: itonde ry’inyuguti z’Iikinyarwanda
Abana bigana uko inyuguti zanditse bakoresheje ibishyimbo, ibigori cyangwa
utubuye duto.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Igikarito cyangwa igipapuro kinini , umukasi, marikeri, ibishyimbo cyangwa
ibigori, cyangwa utubuye
– Kata amakarita mu gikarito cyangwa mu mpapuro z’amabara anyuranye.
– Andika inyuguti kuri ayo makarita.
– Tegurira abana ibishyimbo, ibigori cyangwa utubuye duto bari bwifashishe.
– Buri mwana ahabwa amakarita ariho inyuguti hamwe n’ibishyimbo.
– Abana bakora inyuguti zanditse ku makarita bifashishije ibishyimbo.
– Abana bashobora gukina uyu mukino buri wese ku giti ke cyangwa
babiribabiri mu itsinda.
– Abana bashobora no gukoresha ibigori cyangwa utubuye duto mu gihe nta
bishyimbo byabonetse.
- Abana bamenyera uko inyuguti yanditse.
- Abana bateza imbere ibice byombi by’ubwonko.
- Abana bateza imbere imiyego y’ ingingo nto.
- Abana batera imbere mu mbamutima , mu busabane n’ ubufatanye igihe
bakora babiri babiri, basaranganya ibikoresho batabirwanira
- Hashobora kwifashishwa imifuniko y’amacupa mu mwanya w’amakarita.
- Ibigori, utubuye, uduti,… mu mwanya w’ibishyimbo.
- Inyuguti zigomba kuba zanditse neza ku makarita kandi zigaragara.
- Ni ngombwa gushishikariza abana gukoresha amaboko yombi igihe bakora
inyuguti.
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3, umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Abana b’imyaka 4 kugera kuri 5
Abana batangira babumba imirongo ari yo baheraho bahuza bagakora inyuguti
Abana b’imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6
Abana babumba inyuguti bamaze kwiga
Abana bahabwa ibumba bagahabwa n’ amakarita ariho imirongo cyangwa
inyuguti zimaze kwigwa , bakazibumba bigana uko zanditse.
- Mu nguni y’ ubugeni, umurezi ayobora abana bakaba babumba inyuguti
bagezeho.
- Abana barebera ku makarita y’ inyuguti cyangwa aho zanditse ku kibaho
bakazigana bazibumba.
- Abana bakura mu mitekerereze, bamenya gukorana ubushishozi, kwigana
uko ikintu giteye kandi bagateza imbere imiyego y’ ingingo nto.
- Umwaka wa 1, umutwe wa 4: itonde ry’ inyuguti z’ ikinyarwanda – Guca
imirongo itandukanye
- Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3, umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti
z’Ikinyarwanda
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Ibikarito, urudodo, marikeri n’imakasi.
– Kata igikarito kiringaniye umwana ashobora gukoreraho, gishobora kujyaho
inyuguti 5 cyangwa 6.
– Andika inyuguti nkuru ku ruhande rumwe rw’igikarito, wandike into zazo
ku rundi ruhande ariko uzitondeke unyuranyije urukurikirane rw’uko inkuru
zitondetse. Wirinde kuzandika ku mpera cyane.
– Iruhande rwa buri nyuguti, caho akanya gato kaza kunyuzwamo urudodo.
– Seseza urudodo ku gikarito hejuru hagati na hagati.
– Mbere yo guca urudodo, banza ukine uwo mukino uwurangize maze ubone
uko urudodo ukeneye ruza kuba rureshya, hanyuma ubone gucaho ururenga.
Abana b’ imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6
– Abana batangirira hejuru ku ruhande rw’ibumoso bagasoma inyuguti
ya mbere. Bagashaka inyuguti bisa ku ruhande rw’iburyo hanyuma
bakayerekezaho urudodo, bakarunyuza muri ka kanya gakase kari imbere
y’inyuguti.
– Abana bashobora gukina uyu mukino buri wese ku giti ke cyangwa bari mu
matsinda ya babiribabiri mu gihe k’ imikino yo mu nguni
- Abana bamenyera inyuguti nkuru n’into.
- Abana bazamura ubushobozi mu gukorana ubushishozi ndetse bagateza
imbere imiyego y’ingingo nto.
- Iyo abana bakoze iki gikorwa ari babiribabiri batera imbere mu mbamutima,
mu rurimi no mu busabane n’abandi.
- Abana bazamura ubushobozi mu gutekereza no kwikemurira ibibazo.
– Ku bana bakiri bato cyane bashobora gukoresha amashusho mu mwanya
w’inyuguti.
– Inyuguti nkuru ni kubana biga mu mwaka wa kabiri naho inyuguti nto cyangwa
into n’ inkuru ni mu mwaka wa gatatu
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3,umutwe wa 4 n’uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Imfashanyigisho zikenewe mu mukino: Inkoni, amakara cyangwa ingwa, imbuga.
Uko umukino w’imbata utegurwa
- Shaka imbuga isukuye
- Shushanya urukiramende maze urucemo nibura utuzu 8
- Muri buri kazu andikamo inyuguti imwe cyangwa ishusho imwe.
- Banza ubwire umwana ko mugiye gukina “umukino imbata/ikibariko”
( umukino wo gusimbuka mu tuzu)
- Bwira umwana age asimbukara ku nyuguti cyangwa ku gishushanyo uvuze.
- Hindura umukino, ubwire umwana asimbukire ku nyuguti cyangwa
ku gishushanyo ashatse hanyuma avuge inyuguti cyangwa ishusho
asimbukiyeho.
– Abana bamenyera gutandukanya inyuguti, uko zandikwa n’uko zisomwa.
– Abana bazamura ubushobozi mu kwitegereza no gutekereza byimbitse no
gukemura ibibazo.
– Abana bateza imbere ingingo nini.
– Ku bana bakiri bato, wakoresha amashusho y’ibintu bamenyereye cyangwa
imirongo bize
– Ku bana bafite imyaka 5 kugera 6, ushobora kuvanga inyuguti nto n’inkuru
cyangwa kuvanga inyuguti n’amashusho.
– Niba umwana afite ubumuga atabasha gusimbuka, mureke ashyire ibuye,
inkoni cyangwa umupira ku nyuguti cyangwa igishushanyo uvuze.
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3,umutwe wa 4 n’uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Imyaka 2 kugera kuri 4
Abana bitegereza ku mashusho , bagahitamo ishusho imwe babona idasa n’ izindi
biri kumwe bakayerekana bakozaho urutoki cyangwa barambikaho agakarita
Abana b’imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Abana basoma cyangwa bakitegerezanya ubushishozi ibyanditse ku murongo umwe
utambitse bakerekana ikidasa n’ ibindi bisigaye.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Igikarito, irati, marikeri, udukarita tutanditseho.
– Kata igikarito kiringaniye kubera ko gikoreshwa n’umwana w’inshuke, ku
buryo kijyaho imirongo 4 cyangwa 5 itambitse, kuri buri murongo hakajyaho
inyuguti 4 cyangwa 5 cyangwa se ibishushanyo.
– Andika inyuguti 4 zisa, wandike n’indi ya 5 idasa n’izindi ku murongo
utambitse.
– Ushobora no gushushanya amashusho 4 asa n’irindi rimwe ridasa n’andi ku
murongo utambitse.
Abana batangirira hejuru ku ruhande rw’ibumoso bagasoma umurongo wa
mbere w’ inyuguti hanyuma bagashakamo inyuguti idasa n’izindi.
– Bashyira agakarita, hejuruy’inyuguti idasa n’izindi.
– Ku mashusho abana bitegereza amashusho yo ku murongo umwe, bagatahura
ishusho idasa n’izindi, bakayishyiraho agakarita.
– Abana bashobora guhitamo gukina umwumwe ku giti ke cyangwa bari mu
matsinda ya babiribabiri mu gihe bari mu nguni y’ ururimi.
- Abana bamenyera kwitegereza kugira ngo bashobore gutahura inyuguti
cyangwa amashusho adasa n’ayandi.
- Abana bakura mu mitekerereze yimbitse, mu gukemura ibibazo no mu
gukorana ubushishozi.
- Iyo abana bakoze iki gikorwa bari mu matsinda ya bibiribabiri batera
imbere mu mbamutima, mu rurimi no mu busabane
– Ku bana bakiri bato, ni byiza gukoresha amashusho kuko baba batariga
inyuguti.
– Hashobora no gukoreshwa ibikoresho bitandukanye nk’ ibikombe 3 bisa
ukavangamo isahane 1.
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3,umutwe wa 4 n’uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Impapuro z’amabara, ishami ry’igiti rifite udushami duto, ubudodo.
– Kata impapuro z’amabara ku buryo ugira udukarita tungana.
– Andikaho inyuguti ku dukarita wateguye.
– Tobora udukarita tw’inyuguti ushyiremo urudodo.
– Manika utwo dukarita tw’inyuguti.
– Ha abana inyuguti hanyuma ugende uvuga inyuguti imwe maze umwana
uyifite ayizane ayimanike kuri cya giti.Umurezi akora ku buryo udukarita
tutegerana kandi inyuguti ikagaragara.
– Ushobora no guhindura ukajya uvuga inyuguti imanitse ku giti hanyuma
umwana akajya kuyimanura akayizana.
– Abana bakiri bato batariga inyuguti umurezi abategurira amashusho bakaba
ari yo bamanika.
– Igiti gishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe cy’ubumenyi bw’ururimi mu ishuri
cyangwa hanze cyangwa ku ruziga. Cyakoreshwa no mu bidukikije.
- Bizamura ubumenyi bw’abana, bakamenya kandi bagatandukanya
inyuguti cyangwa imibare.
– Ushobora no gukoresha ibibabi cyangwa se ibirere mu gihe utabonye
impapuro z’amabara. Ushobora kandi kumanikaho amashusho y’ibintu
bijyanye n’ insanganyamatsiko iri kwigwa, amazina y’abana,....
– Igiti cy’amashami nk’ariya kitabonetse, umubaji ashobora gukora igisa na cyo
akoresheje utubaho duto.
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3,umutwe wa 4 n’uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6
Abana bahabwa igishushanyo k’ ikintu runaka ndetse n’ izina ryacyo ryanditse mu
nyuguti zigaragara. Abana bitegereza uko inyuguti zikoze ijambo, bagatondeka izindi
zanditse ku mifuniko cyangwa ku dukarita bigakora ijambo nk’ iryo bahawe.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Igikarito cyangwa igipapuro gikomeye, imifuniko y’amacupa y’ibara rimwe
cyangwa udukarita duto tw’inyuguti, irati, marikeri cyangwa amakaramu
y’amabara atandukanye.
Fata igice k’igikarito kinini cyangwa umufuka mugari wandikeho amagambo 4
cyangwa 5, imbere ya buri jambo uhashyire ibishushanyo bijyanye hanyuma
uce imbere y’ayo magambo umurongo uhagaze.
– Igikarito cyangwa umufuka biceho imirongo itambitse ingana.
– Shushanya ku gikarito cyangwa ku mufuka, imirongo itambitse ingana kandi
ifite umwanya uhagije wo gutondekamo imifuniko y’amacupa / udukarita.
– Buri nyuguti yigenere umwanya ku buryo abana bamenya aho batondeka
imifuniko y’amacupa/ udukarita.
– Andika inyuguti kuri iyo mifuniko y’amacupa cyangwa ku dukarita duto dukoze
mu gikarito. Inyajwi uzandike mu ibara ritandukanye n’iry’ingombajwi.
– Inyuguti imwe igomba kwandikwa inshuro nyinshi bitewe n’izikenewe mu
magambo bari bwandukure.
Abana bitegereza ijambo rya mbere uko ryanditse ku gikarito cyangwa ku
mufuka, batoranya inyuguti bakeneye mu zindi hanyuma bagatondeka ya
mifuniko cyangwa amakarita biriho inyuguti zikora rya jambo. Iyo barangije
ijambo rya mbere bakomereza no ku yandi magambo
Kumenya kwitegereza no gukurikiranya ibintu kuri gahunda.
- Kumenya guhuza amashusho n’amagambo bijyanye.
- Gukorana ubushishozi no guteza imbere imiyego y’ingingo nto.
- Iterambere mu mbamutima no mumibanire n’abandi no mu rurimi.
- Gutahura ko ijambo rigizwe n’uruhererekane rw’inyuguti.
– Ushobora kwandika ijambo rimwe ku gakarito gato.
– Ushobora guhindura amagambo ugendeye ku nsanganyamatsiko.
– Ushobora gukoresha amazina y’abana kugira ngo bitoze kwandika amazina
yabo.
Umwaka wa 3, umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Igikarito kinini cyangwa urupapuro runini rukomeye, marikeri cyangwa
amakaramu y’amabara.
– Fata umufuka umwe cyangwa ibiri bitewe n’uko ishuri ringana cyangwa ufate
urupapuro.
– Gabanyaho imyanya ingana ukoresheje irati.
– Shushanya ishusho y’ikintu runaka, imbere yacyo uhandike izina ry’umwana
wibanda ku ryo akunda gukoresha.
– Abana bamenya amazina yabo bagendeye kuri ya shusho bahora bitegereza
iri kumwe n’izina
Mu ntangiriro y’umwaka , manika amazina y’abana ariho ibirango byayo mu
nguni y’ururimi cyangwa ahegereye umuryango w’ishuri.
– Ereka buri mwana ikiranga izina rye kandi umumenyereze kuryitegereza buri
munsi.
– Buri mwana asabwa kumenya ishusho ijyanye n’izina rye. Uko ahora yitegereza
iyo shusho bimufasha kumenya uko izina rye ryandikwa.
– Mu nguni y’ururimi buri mwana ashobora kwigana ashushanya ikiranga izina
rye uko abyumva.
Kumenya kuvuga amazina yabo n’aya bagenzi babo bifashishije amashusho.
- Kugira ubumenyi bwo kwibuka ibyo wabonye.
- Kumenyera inyuguti zikoze amazina yabo.
Umwana umaze kumenya gufata mu mutwe ashobora kuvuga ibiranga amazina
ya bagenzi be ndetse akanafasha n’ abatarabimenya.
Umwaka wa 2 n’ uwa 3; umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Ibikarito cyangwa ibipapuro bikomeye by’amabara atandukanye, imifuniko
y’amacupa cyangwa udukarita duto tw’ inyuguti, marikeri cyangwa amakaramu
y’amabara.
– Tegura amakarita yakwiraho amazina y’abana.
– Andika neza amazina y’abana bose wibanda ku izina umwana akunda
gukoresha (izina rimwe ku ikarita).
– Andika inyuguti ku mifuniko y’ amacupa cyangwa ku dukarita duto.
Buri mwana ahabwa agakarita kanditseho izina rye.
– Abana bandukura amazina yabo (kwandika amazina uyareba) bakoresheje
Imifuniko y’amacupa iriho inyuguti cyangwa udukarita tw’inyuguti. Nyuma
bashobora gukoresha ikaramu y’igiti.
– Ereka buri mwana inyuguti itangira izina rye, cyangwa buri mwana ayerekane.
– Mu gihe cy’ubumenyi bw’ururimi ku ruziga, saba abana bose bumva
izina ryabo ritangirwa n’inyuguti uvuze bahaguruke, bakome mu mashyi,
gutyogutyo. Bahe urugero.
– Mu nguni y’ururimi abana bandukura amazina yabo bakoresheje ibikoresho
binyuranye.
Kumenya inyuguti zigize izina rye.
- Kumenya kwandika mu cyapa.
- Kugira ubumenyi bwo kwibuka ibyo wabonye.
– Abana bashobora gutanga amakarita muri bagenzi babo bagendeye ku mazina
yabo, bakamenya buri muntu izina rye.
– Igihe wandika amazina y’abana ihatire kwandika neza buri nyuguti uzirikana
ko umwana ari ho azirebera najya kwandukura.
Umwaka wa 2 n’ uwa 3; umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Guhuza ibice 2 by’ ishusho.
Guhuza ibice by’ ishusho iriho n’ izina ry’ iyo shusho (imyaka 4 kugera kuri 6 )
Guhuza amashusho n’ amazina yayo ( imyaka 6)
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Igikarito, igipapuro gikomeye cyangwa urubaho rworoshye rwa tripuregisi (
triplex), amakaramu y’ amabara, marikeri, irati, amashusho n’amakarita y’
amazina ya buri shusho.
– Shushanya ishusho runaka ku gikarito. Urugero: inyamaswa, imodoka, igare
cyangwa imbuto abana bakunze kubona.
– Andika izina ry’ikintu ushushanyije.
– Buri shusho risige ibara risa n’ uko risanzwe risa. Buri karita yanditseho izina
ry’ iryo shusho isize ibara risa na yo.
– Iri bara riri ku ishusho rikaba no ku ikarita iriho no izina ry’ishusho ni ryo
rifasha abana guhuza ishusho n’izina.
– Iyo abana bahuza ibice by’amashusho, bahera ku nguni, ku mpera bagasoreza
hagati bahuza ibice byose.
– Mu gihe cy’ubumenyi bw’ururimi, abana bahuza ibice by’amashusho
bagakora ishusho yuzuye, umwumwe ku giti ke cyangwa bari mu matsinda
ya babiribabiri.
Kwikemurira ibibazo, gutekereza byimbitse no kunguka ubumenyi.
- Abana biga kumenya ibice bigize ikintu runaka kandi bakamenya no
kubihuza.
- Gukorana ubushishozi no guteza imbere imiyego y’ingingo nto.
- Iterambere mu mbamutima, mu rurimi no mu busabane.
– Hindura umukino wo guhuza ibice by’amashusho ugendeye ku
nsanganyamatsiko igezweho.
– Ku bana bakiri bato cyane, koresha ibice 2 by’ amashusho kandi bitarimo
inyuguti cyangwa amagambo.
– Ku bana bakuze bamaze kumenyera ibyo guhuza ibice by’amashusho,
ubongerera umubare w’ibice bagomba guhuza bikaba byinshi.
– Umwaka wa kabiri w’ amashuri y’ inshuke, umutwe wa gatatu: guteranya ibice
bigize ishusho.
– Umwaka wa gatatu w’ amashuri y’ inshuke , umutwe wa gatatu: guteranya
ibice bigize ishusho.
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenewe
- Ibikarito, amakaramu y’amabara, marikeri umukasi, irati.
– Tunganya igikarito kiringaniye umwana ashobora gukoreraho, ugishushanyeho
utuzu.
– Andika inyuguti (inkuru cyangwa into) zitandukanye muri buri kazu kari ku
murongo wa mbere, hanyuma wandike n’izindi nyuguti nto zazo mu tuzu turi
ku murongo wa kabiri.
– Kata inyuguti ziri mu tuzu two ku murongo wa kabiri uzitandukanye, imwimwe
ukwayo maze uzivangavange.
– Abana bashakisha inyuguti mu zikase bakazihuza n’izo bisa zidakase (inyuguti
nto zishobora gihuzwa n’inkuru cyangwa inkuru zigahuzwa n’into).
– Mu nguni y’ururimi abana bashobora gukina uyu mukino umwumwe ku giti
ke cyangwa abana bari mu matsinda ya babiribabiri.
- Kugira ubumenyi bwo kwikemurira ibibazo, imitekerereze yimbitse no
kunguka ubumenyi ku kintu runaka.
- Abana biga kumenya ibice bigize ikintu runaka kandi bakamenya no
kubihuza.
- Gutandukanya inyuguti nto n’inkuru.
- Gukorana ubushishozi no guteza imbere imiyego y’ingingo nto.
Ku bana bato wakoresha amashusho mu mwanya w’inyuguti
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3, umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda
Inyuguti zibumbye mu mpapuro ( imyaka 5 kugera 6)
Inyuguti zikase mu birere ( imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Inyuguti zikase mu bikarito ( imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Ibikoresho bikenewe
- Igikarito, ibirere, ibumba
– Andika itonde ry’inyuguti inkuru cyangwa into ukoresheje ibirere, ibikarito
cyangwa ibumba.
– Kata buri nyuguti uyomore aho wari wayanditse , haba ku birere cyangwa ku
gikarito cyangwa iyo wabumbye.
– Abana bashobora gukora ku nyuguti bakamenya iyo ari yo
– Abana bashobora gutondeka inyuguti bazikoraho
– Abana bashobora gutandukanya inyajwi n’ingombajwi
– Abana bashobora gukora amagambo mato bakoresheje izo nyuguti.
- Kumenya gukorana ubushishozi no guteza imbere imiyego y’ingingo nto.
- Kongera ubumenyi bw’inyuguti.
– Hashobora no gukoreshwa amabuye ariho inyuguti.
Umwaka wa 2 n’ uwa 3, umutwe wa 4 n’ uwa 5: Itonde ry’inyuguti
z’Ikinyarwanda.
Hariho ibipapuro cyangwa ibirango bijyanye n’ ururimi ndetse n’izindi mfashanyigisho
byo kumanika mu ishuri. Ibyo bimanikwa ahegereye inguni y’ ururimi n’ inguni y’
ibitabo. Iyo ahongaho nta mwanya uhari uhagije, bishobora kumanikwa ahandi
ariko ukareba niba biri kuri gahunda kandi bimanitse aho abana babona neza kandi
bashyikira.
IGICE CYA II: 4. UBUGENI N’UMUCO
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenewe:- Ibumba, amazi, ibikoresho byo kubumba , ibikoresho byo kubikamo ibumba.
– Baza ababumbyi b’imitako cyangwa ababumbyi b’amatafari aho wakura
ibumba ryiza mu gace utuyemo.
– Kusanya ibumba ushoboye.
– Ribike mu gikoresho kirimo amazi cyangwa mu ishashi kugeza igihe muri
burikoreshe.
– Mu gihe rikiri muri icyo gikoresho, jombamo igiti kugira ngo ukore umwobo.
– Uzuza amazi muri uwo mwobo (ibi bituma iryo bumba riguma koroha).
– Mu gihe mugiye kurikoresha murarikata mukoresheje intoki mugakuramo
ikintu mushaka.Abana b’ imyaka guhera kuri 4 kugera kuri 6
Abana b’ imyaka 4 kugera kuri 6
Abana b’ imyaka 4 kugera kuri 5
Kubumba ishusho y’ umuntu (Imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Kubumba ishusho ijyanye n’ insanganyamatsiko igezweho ( imyaka 5 kugerakuri 6)
Kubumba inkono, icyungo, imbehe n’ umwana ( imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
– Umurezi ashobora gutandukanya amazina y’ibintu babumbye akanasobanurira
abana uburyo bwo kubikora.
– Mu kubumba ikintu runaka bikorwa mu buryo bworoshye nk’umuntu, itungo,
ibibindi, amasahane n’ibindi bikoresho byo mu gikoni.
– Umurezi ashobora gutanga urugero rw’ikintu abana babumba agendeye ku
nsanganyamatsiko.
– Mu gihe cyo guteza imbere ururimi: wakoresha ibumba ukora inyuguti.
– Mu gihe k’imibare: wakoresha ibumba mu gukora umubare cyangwa
ikinyampande.
– Abana babumba mu gihe cy’ ubugeni cyangwa mu nguni zakorewe hanzebakabumba ikijyanye n’ insanganyamatsiko bagezeho bayobowe n’ umurezi.
- Bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bwo guhimba no guhanga udushya.
- Bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bw’imiyego y’ingingo nto n’inini.
- Bifasha abana kwiga imiterere, ingano no kuzamura ubumenyingiro boubwabo.
– Vanga ibumba n’amazi agereranyije kugeza kibaye ikibumbano.
– Bwira abana bashushanyeho ku kibumbano cyabo cyangwa bacyandikehon’intoki cyangwa bakoresheje agati bashyireho icyo bashaka.
Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’ uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1 : Guhanga amashusho.
Ibikoresho bikenewe :
Ibinyamubyimba nk’ ibijumba imbuto zitandukanye, ibinyamakuru bishaje cyangwaimpapuro, amazi, ubugari bw’imyumbati , amarangi y’ intoki.
– Fata impapuro uzishyire mu mazi
– Fata ikintu runaka ukereke abana bitewe n’icyo ushaka gukora. Urugero:
igitoki, urunyanya, puwavuro
– Fata icyo wahisemo gukora hanyuma ucyomekeho urupapuro ukoresheje
ubujeni
– Mu gihe urangije gishyire ku zuba cyume.
– Iyo kimaze kuma uvanamo cya gikoresho wakoresheje mu buryo bwiza
usatura neza warangiza ugafunga aho wasatuye ukoresheje udupapuro
dutoya ndetse n’ubujeni (glue)
– Iyo igikoresho washakaga kubumba kibonetse noneho ushobora gusigaamabara warangiza ukanika bikuma.
– Umurezi ashobora gukoresha impapuro mu gukora ikintu agendeye ku
nsanganyamatsiko afite. Urugero: imbuto, imboga, igikombe, inyamaswa
runaka cyangwa abantu.
– Abana bashobora gukoresha impapuro zikanjakanjwe mu gukora bo ubwaboikintu runaka, abantu, inyamaswa n’ibindi.
- Bifasha abana kwigana ishusho y’ikintu runaka bagendeye ku
nsanganyamatsiko.
- Bifasha abana kumva ibidukikije n’ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye.
- Bifasha abana gukuza imiyego y’ingingo nini n’into.- Bifasha abana guhanga no kuvumbura udushya.
Impapuro zikanjakanjwe cyangwa zifunyanze ushobora kuzikoresha ukoraibikoresho by’umuziki cyangwa ingofero ukoresheje uburyo bwavuzwe hejuru.
Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’ uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1 : Guhanga amashusho.
Komeka udupapuro ukurikije uko ikintu giteye cyangwa iforomo yacyo (imyaka 1 kugera 4)
Komeka impapuro zifatira ugakora ishusho y’ ikintu ( imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Ibishishwa by’igi, urupapuro rufatira,imigozi y’ibijumba, umutura w’ikirayi, marikerin’amakaramu y’amabara, ubujeni.
– Shushanya ishusho iri ku rugero rw’abana , urugero : izuba, ukwezi,
mpandeshatu,…
– Kata udupapuro duto dufatira uduhe abana batwomeke muri ya shusho
washushanyije bakurikije iforomo yacyo
– Abana bamenyereye bikatira izo mpapuro zifatira bakazomeka ku rupapurorunini bagakora ishusho y’ikintu bihitiyemo.
– Shushanya ishusho y’ikintu ugiye kwigisha mu bice byinshi
– Hereza abana amashusho washushanyije n’urupapuro rushushanyijeho uko
izo shusho ziteye
– Abana bomeka impapuro zifatira muri ayo mashusho wabahaye bakurikije
uko ishusho ishushanyije ku rupapuro ndetse bakurikije imiterere yayo
– Ibyo bometse bishobora kwifashishwa mu bumenyi bw’ibidukikije aho abanabigira insanganyamatsiko zitandukanye
- Abana bafata vuba ishusho bari komeka
- Bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bwo kwiga unakora.- Bifasha abana kwibuka icyo bakoze igihe kirekire.
Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’ uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1 : Guhanga amashusho.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
- Irangi, umufuka, urupapuro, ikaramu yigiti, ikaramu z’amabara. Karoti, amaziyo gukaraba, icyuma.
- Suka irangi ku mufuka hanyuma urambikemo ikiganza gifate irangi.
- Rambika cya kiganza cyagiyeho irangi ku rupapuro, kirahita kishushanyaho.
- Niba ushaka guteresha ikimera, kata karoti mu buryo ushaka hanyuma
uyikoze mu irangi ugende uyikoza ku mpapuro cyangwa mubundi buryo
bukurikira:
- Kata beterave cyangwa ikinyomoro
- Shushanya ishusho ushaka ku rupapuro; urugero: uruziga, urukiramende,
inyenyeri…
- Genda womeka mu ishusho washushanyije ku rupapuro bya bice wakase
bya beterave cyangwa by’ikinyomoro, ugendeye ku buryo ushaka gutaka
iyo shusho.
- Ukoresheje andi makaramu y’amabara abana bashobora kongereraubwiza iyo shusho
Abana b’ imyaka 1 kugera kuri 3
– Abana bakiri bato babikora nk’ Umukino aho bashobora no gukoreshaibirenge byabo barangiza bakagenda babikandagiza ahantu hatandukanye
Abana b’ imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6
– Abana bamenyereye batera irangi mu byo umurezi agambiriye kubigisha
bakabikora neza
– Umurezi agenda abahindurira uburyo bwo gutera irangi akurikijeinsanganyamatsiko bari bagezeho
- Bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingingo nto.- Bifasha abana guteza imbere ubufatanye n’ubusabane n’abandi.
Ibindi bimera byakoreshwa bigatanga amabara ni nka karoti n’indabo.
Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’ uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1 : Guhanga amashusho.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Igipapuro kinini kandi gikomeye cyo kwandikaho, amakaramu y’amabara, imakasi,impapuro z’ amabara.
- Shushanya amashusho 12 ahwanye n’amezi 12 . Hitamo amashusho
ushatse. Urugero: zimwe mu mbuto, mu mboga, mu matungo.
- Kata aya mashusho witonze.
- Andika amezi y’umwaka kuri utwo dushusho wakase. Sigaho amabaraatandukanye.
- Teganya igipapuro kinini uzagenda womekaho amezi uko akurikirana.- Buri kwezi uzajya umanikaho ishusho yanditse ukwezi kugezweho.
- Abana bagenda bamenya uko amezi agize umwaka akurikirana.
Byarushaho kuba byiza gukoresha amashusho anyuranye ku buryo buri kwezikurangwa n’ishusho yihariye.
a) Gutakisha amazina y’abana.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:Ibipapuro binini by’amabara, amakaramu y’amabara, umukasi
– Kata igipapuro kinini mu buryo butandukanye ukoremo uduce twinshi kandi
ugene umubare runaka w’uduce tugomba kuba duteye kimwe.(wihitiremo
amashusho ushaka cyane cyane ashimisha abana).
– Andika amazina y’abana biga mu ishuri ryawe kuri twa duce wakase
ukoresheje amabara ari bugaragare bitewe n’ibara ry’urupapuro.
– Genda ushyira ku murongo utwo duce wanditseho amazina y’abana, ukurikijeamashusho ateye kimwe.
b)Gutakisha inyuguti n’imibare(imyaka 5 kugera kuri 6)
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Impapuro z’amabara, amakaramu y’amabara, imakasi, imiyenzi cyangwa ikindicyakoreshwa mu gufatisha izo nyuguti ahantu runaka, inyuguti z’amabara zanditse.
Kata agace kamwe k’urupapuro rw’ibara ,ugahe ishusho y’uburyo ushaka
gutakamo inyuguti.
Urugero: uruziga, mpandenye, mpandeshatu cyangwa ishusho y’ikintu
runaka wihitiyemo.
– Koresha ako gace k’urupapuro wakase ukagendereho ukata utundi tuce na
two uduhe ishusho isa na ko.
– Andika kuri utwo duce wakase inyuguti cyangwa imibare kuri buri gace .
– Manika utwo duce tw’ udupapuro wanditseho inyuguti cyangwa imibare, kugikuta ukoresheje imiyenzi, umutura w’ikirayi cyangwa sikoci.
– Ibitatse ishuri, umurezi ashobora kubikoresha yigisha imibare cyangwa
gusoma. Mu gihe cyo gutaka biba byiza kumanika uduce tw’udupapuro aho
abana bashyikira.
– Iyo wamanitse amazina y’abana cyangwa inyuguti bifasha abana kubimenya.
– Gutaka ku gikuta, ubikora ukurikije inguni z’ibyigwa cyangwa ugendeye kubyo abana bakeneye kubona buri munsi.
– Gutaka bifasha abana kuzamura ubumenyi bwo kugereranya ibisa n’ingano
yabyo, gushyira ku murongo no kumenya amabara n’ibintu bitandukanye.– Bamenyera kandi gukora no gushima ibinogeye ijisho.
Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’ uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1 : Guhanga amashusho.
Gukata mu rupapuro no gusigisha amabara ajyanye n’ icyo wakaseUrugero: urunyanya rw’ umutuku, urukweto rw’ umweru
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Impapuro nini z’amabara, impapuro zisanzwe, igikarito cyangwa umufuka,amakaramu y’amabara, imikasi.
– Shushanya ishusho ushaka ukoresheje ikaramu y’igiti cyangwa amakaramu
y’amabara.
– Kata iyo shusho ugendeye ukurikije uko wagiye uyishushanya maze isigare iriyonyine.
– Umurezi ashushanya ibintu bitewe n’insanganyamatsiko agaha abana
umwanya bagasiga amabara ya mashusho yakase ari yonyine.
– Ku bana bamaze kubimenyera basiga ibara risa neza n’ uko icyo kintu gisanzwe
gisa. Ni ukuvuga umwimerere w’ ibara ryacyo.
– Gukata no gusiga amabara bikoreshwa mu nguni y’ubugeni n’umuco. Umureziashobora no kugendera ku nsanganyamatsiko y’ icyumweru.
- Bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bw’imiyego y’ ingingo nto n’ inini
- Bifasha abana kwishakamo ibisubizo no gukorana ubushishozi.
- Bifasha abana kwaguka mu mitekerereze.
Umwaka wa 1, 2 n’ uwa 3: Umutwe wa 1 : Guhanga amashusho.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:Ibirere, imifuka, amazi yo kubobeza ibirere, imigozi yo kubangisha umupira
– Fata ibirere ubisukeho amazi.
– Banga ibirere ubifunganye ukora umupira.
– Wukarage uzengurutsa umugozi uzirika ,kugira ngo ukomere udahambuka
– Kora umupira mwiza ukomeye ariko woroshye ku buryo utababaza abanaigihe bakina.
– Abana bakuru bakina umupira babanze. Abato bakina umupira wabanzwe
n’abandi. Bawukina bakoresheje amaguru cyangwa amaboko buri mwana
akina ashaka gutsinda uwo bahanganye, cyangwa bagakinira mu matsinda.
– Umupira ushobora gukoreshwa baboneza ku kintu kiri hamwe bakoresheje
amaguru cyangwa amaboko.
– Umurezi ashobora gukoresha uyu mupira mu gihe ari kwigishiriza ku ruziga
akajya awuterera umwana ugiye gusubiza.
– Gukina umupira w’amaguru ni umukino abana bakinira hanze y’ishuribisanzuye.
– Kwibangira umupira bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bw’ingingo nto,
kuvumbura no guhanga udushya.
– Iyo bakina umupira bateza imbere ingingo nto n’inini.– Gukina umupira bituma abana bafashanya bakorera mu itsinda.
Umwaka wa 1,2, n’ uwa 3; Umutwe wa 4: Guhanga ibikoresho biva mu bukorikori.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:Ibirere cyangwa imigwegwe, amazi.
– Bobeza ibirere nurangiza ubisatagure
– Boha umugozi w’ inyabutatu ukoresheje bya birere wasataguye ,umugozi
umwe ureshye byibura na metero ebyiri, uwo gusimbukira mu matsinda
ushobora kureshya byibura na metero enye.
– Boha byibura imigozi itanu yo gusimbuka– Boha umugozi ugeze ku musozo.
Abana b’ myaka 2 kugera kuri 3:
– Umugozi kandi abana bawukoresha nk’ ikiziriko, bagakina bigana uko bazirika
amatungo.
– Mu mikino yo mu irerero, umurezi ashyira umugozi umwe cyangwa ibiri mu
nguni y’ubugeni n’umuco yo kuza guhambiriza ibikinisho bari bukinishe bari
mu nguni.
– Abana bazunguza umugozi bashaka kuwusimbuka ariko ntibabibashe.
– Abana babiri bafata umugozi bagakururana bakina, bumva ufite imbaraga
muri bo.
Abana b’ imyaka 4 kugera kuri 6
– Abana bagerageza kwibohera imigozi bazajya basimbuka bagendeye ku
rugero rw’ umurezi.
– Abana bahagarara barebana, umwe afashe ku mpera z’ umugozi ,n’ undi
afashe ku yindi mpera y’ umugozi, bakazunguza umugozi abari hagati bakajya
basimbuka.
– Gusimbuka umugozi, ni umukino ukinirwa mu mikino yo hanze ahantu hari
ikibuga kinini, umurezi yigisha abana uko bawukina.
– Umurezi kandi ashobora no kubigisha indirimbo, imibare cyangwa se inyuguti
bakoresha bari gukina.
– Umurezi ashobora kureka abana bakaboha imigozi yo gusimbuka bo ubwabo
mu buryo bashoboye, akajya atanga ubufasha mu gihe umwana abukeneye.– Si ngombwa ko biba bikoze neza. Icyangombwa ni ubushake bwo kubigerageza.
- Abana bakuza imiyego y’ ingingo into n’ inini.
- Abana barasabana, batera imbere mu mbamutima no mumibanire n’abandi.
Parasitike, ibishishwa by’ibiti, imigwegwe n’ibindi wakoresha uboha umugozi
Umwaka wa 1,2 , n’ uwa 3; Umutwe wa 4: Guhanga ibikoresho biva mu bukorikori.
– Ukusanya ibirere byumye cyangwa ibikangaga ukabitunganya, ukabyanika
bigahonga.
– Uko ubyanika ugenda wibuka kubisukaho amazi kugira ngo bidahinamirana.
– Ushyiraho ingoyi ukaboha kugeza ku burebure bw’umusambi wifuza.– Ikitonderwa: iIbi byakorwa n’ababyeyi b’abana.
Abana b’ umyaka 1 kugera ku myaka 6
– Abana bawicaraho , bashobora kuba bari kunywa igikoma, cyangwa bari mu
gukinisha imfashanyigisho.
– Ku marerero afite intebe zitari mu kigero cy’ abana , yifashisha umusambicyangwa umukeka mu gihe bafite amikoro.
– Umusambi mu ishuri no hanze yaryo bawicaraho, bawukoresha mu byigwa
byose, mu nguni zose.
– Abana bawicaraho bakikije umurezi abasomera inkuru cyangwa baganira mu
byigwa bitandukanye.
– Umusambi nanone ushobora kuba wakoreshwa bawigiraho ariwo washyizehoimfanshanyigisho z’ibyigwa
- Ibikorwa by’ubugeni n’umuco bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi mu
miyego mito n’iminini, mu mitekerereze, mu rurimi, imbamutima no
gusabana n’abandi kandi bizamura ubushobozi bwo kwiga unakora ,gutekereza byagutse no kwishakamo ibisubizo.
Ushobora no gukoresha imigwegwe n’ibindi bikoresho bindi uzi wakoreshauboha umusambi.
Umwaka wa 1,2 , n’ uwa 3; Umutwe wa 4: Guhanga ibikoresho biva mu bukorikori.
Igipupe k’inyoni
Ibikoresho by’ibanze bikenewe:- Ibice bito by’ ibitenge, umukasi, urudodo, urushinge, ikaramu y’ igiti
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora ibipupe
Urugero 1: Gukora igipupe ku ishusho y’ikiyiko.
– Koresha ikiyiko cyo mu giti, shushanya amaso amazuru n’umunwa ku kiyiko,
koresha ibice by’igitenge waciye umeze nkukora ikanzu.
Urugero 2: Gukora igipupe k’ inyoni.
– Umurezi ashushanya ishusho y’ ikintu ashaka gukorera igipupe ku gice k’
igitenge.
– Iyo amaze gushushanya igipupe kuri cya gitenge adoda ku musozo w’icyo
gipupe yashushanyije agenda ahuza igice k’igitenge k’imbere n’ik’inyuma,
agasiga umwanya wo kuza gukoresha acecengezamo imyenda, imifuka
cyangwa ikindi kintu washyiramo kugira ngo igipupe kibe kinini; kandi
kigaragaze iforomo.– Adoda aho yanyujije ibyo yacengejemo akahafunga kugira ngo bidasosokamo.
Abana b’ imyaka 2 kugera 6.
– Abana barabiheka , bakabikorera nk’ ibyo babona bikorerwa abana mu
muryango.Bakina imikino yo kwigana ku ishuri mu mikino yo mu nguni
cyangwa bari mu rugo. Babikora bigana ibyo babonye. Abana bitwara nk’
ababyeyi bifashishije ibipupe.
– Ibipupe bikoreshwa mu kubwirana udukuru yaba ari mu gitabo cyangwa
umurezi /umwana yihimbiye.
Bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi bwo kuvumbura no guhanga udushya,
imbamutima no gusabana n’abandi kandi binazamura ubushobozi bwo gukoreshaimiyego mito y’ iningo nto n’inini.
Umwaka wa 1,2 , n’ uwa 3; Umutwe wa 4: Kwihangira ibikinisho.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Imbaho zoroshye, utujerekani cyangwa tiripuregisi (triplex), amakaramu y’
amabara, ikaramu y’ igiti, icyuma
– Tegura tiripuregisi (Triplex), uyishushanyeho gitari hanyuma ufate icyuma
ukate ya gitari ukirikira uko wayishushanyije.
– Siga amabara asa na gitari mu ibice wakase maze ubiteranye ukore gitariyuzuye
Abana b’ imyaka 2 kugera kuri 6:
– Abana bakina na gitari bakajya bacuranga bigana abantu bakuru babonye
bayikoresha.
– Abana kandi bacuranga baririmba n’ uturirimbo bakunda bigishijwe n’
umurezi cyangwa bumvanye abandi.
Abana b’ imyaka 4 kugera kuri 6:
– Abana bacuranga gitari bagerageza kujyanisha n’ injyana y’ indirimbo bazi
cyangwa bize.
– Abana bagerageza gukora gitari zabo bwite mu bikarito cyangwa mu bipapuro.
– Abana bamenya buri gice gikoze gitari n’ akamaro kacyo.– Abana bacurangira bagenzi babo, hanyuma nabo bakabyina
Ibikoresho bikeneweImifuka, ibirere cyangwa igitende
– Ishabure : kata umufuka uwukoremo ijipo kandi utaburemo uduce twinshi
ku gice cyo hasi nkuko ubibona ku ishusho.
– Umugara : kata umufuka nk’ukora ingofero. Dodora utudodo ku gice kimwe
cyo hasi ukuramo indodo zitambika izindi zihagaze zisigare.
– Ingoma: kata igikoresho cya parasitike icyo ari cyo cyose gitanga amajwi ,
ushobora gukoresha ikibido, indobo cyangwa uducupa dutandukanye.
– Imirishyo: shaka aho uvuna ibiti ubishyire ku kigero kimwe nk’uko imirishyo
iba ireshya.– Furari: umufuka wukatemo ifurari, abana b’abahungu bayikoresha babyina.
Abana b’ imyaka 0 kugera kuri 6
– Ubwira abana bazi kuvuza ingoma bakaza bakazivuza, abazi gukoma
amashyi bakayakoma, hanyuma abandi bana bakabyina bakurikije uko bari
kubavugiriza ingoma n’uko bari kubakomera amashyi.
– Reka abana bigane amajwi basanzwe bumva, bambaye n’imyambaro yokubyinana niba ihari.
- Ibikoresho bya muzika bifasha abana kuzamura ubushobozi mu
ibonezabuzima.
- Abana batera imbere mu bugeni n’umuco no kumenya umuco w’igihugu
bakoresha ibikoresho gakondo.
- Bizamura ubushobozi bwo gufata mu mutwe, kwaguka mu mitekerereze,
kuvumbura no guhanga udushya, gusabana n’abandi no gukorera mu
matsinda.
- Abana bunguka amagambo menshi y’ umuco wacu.
Umwaka wa 2 n’uwa 3; umutwe wa 5: Kuririmba no kubyina hubahirizwa injyana
Umwaka wa 2; umutwe wa 6: Inkomoko y’amajwiUmwaka wa 3;umutwe wa 6: Gukoresha ibikoresho bya muzika
IGICE CYA II : 5: IBONEZABUZIMA
Integanyanyigisho y’uburezi bw’inshuke igaragaza ko abana bakwiye kwiga binyuze
mu mikino. Gukina bifasha umwana gukura mu gihagararo, mu iterambere
mbamutima n’ imibanire n’abandi. Muri iki kigwa turareba ingero z’imfashanyigisho
n’imikino umurezi yategura ndetse n’ibikoresho bikenewe n’uburyo bikoreshwa.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
umupira w’ibirere, ikibuga n’amazamu.
– Jyana abana mu kibuga kirimo umutekano.
– Shyira abana mu makipe abiri.
– Umurezi atanga amabwiriza agenga umukino akabereka uko umukino
ukinwa.
Mu mikino yo hanze:
– Jyana abana hanze mu kibuga kisanzuye maze ubahe umupira n’umwanya
uhagije bakine. Ibutsa abana ko bagomba guhererekanya umupira ku bakinnyi
b’ikipe imwe.
– Abana bashobora gukina umukino ku bwabo cyangwa bayobowe n’umurezi
wabo. Reka abana bakine bakoresheje amaguru cyangwa amaboko kandi
ubabwire ko buri kipe igomba gutsinda.
Mu mikino yo mu ishuri:
– Hagarara ku ruziga hamwe n’abana maze uvuge izina ryawe, terera umupira ku
wundi mwana umubwire avuge amazina ye, bwira uwo mwana na we aterere
umupira kuri mugenzi we na we avuge amazina ye, gutyogutyo kugeza abana
bose bavuze amazina yabo.
– Uyu ni umukino mwiza cyanecyane mu ntangiriro y’umwaka w’amashuri
igihe abana bari kwibwirana. Ushobora kwifashisha uyu mukino kandi mu
gihe wigisha: Imibare, kuvuga imyaka, amabara, amashusho, inyamaswa,
ibiribwa, ibinyobwa n’ibindi.
Uko bikoreshwa
- Abana batera imbere mu bumenyi, imitekerereze ndetse bagakuza imiyego
y’ingingo nto n’inini
- Abana batera imbere mu kuvumbura no guhanga udushya.
- Abana batera imbere mu mbamutima n’imibanire n’abandi ndetse no
gukorera hamwe.
Umurezi ashobora kuzana ibirere by’insina mu ishuri, abana bakabanga imipira.
Mu gihe harimo abana bafite ubumuga cyangwa undi ukeneye ubufasha umurezi
ashobora kumufasha
Umwaka wa 1,2, n’ uwa 3 : umutwe wa mbere : Kwitoza imiyego itandukanye
Umukino abana bakina bonyine
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Umugozi uboshye mu birere
– Abana babiri bafata umugozi umwe ku mpera zombi, bakajya bawuzunguza,
abandi bana bakawusimbuka.
– Mu gihe umukino uyobowe n’umurezi ashobora kubafasha kubara cyangwa
kuvuga inyuguti.
– Umurezi afata umwanya akereka abana uko basimbuka umugozi.
– Umurezi ashobora kwigisha abana indirimbo baririmba mu gihe basimbuka
umugozi.
– Umurezi kandi ashishikariza abana gufashanya, mu gihe hari umwana ubizi
neza mubwire yerekere abandi uko bikorwa kandi ubareke bavumbure
ubundi buryo basimbukamo umugozi.
- Bifasha kwaguka mu mitekerereze n’ iterambere mbamutima n’imibanire
n’abandi.
- Byongerera abana ubushobozi bwo kuvumbura no guhanga udushya.
- Bifasha umwana gukoresha imiyego y’ingingo nini n’into.
- Byongerera abana ubushobozi bwo kumenya imibare no kubara.
– Ku bana bato, umurezi abafasha gusimbuka umugozi
– Ku bana bamenyereye, umwana ashobora gufata umugozi agasimbuka
wenyine
Umwaka wa 1,2, n’ uwa 3 : umutwe wa mbere : Kwitoza imiyego itandukanye
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Agate, ikibuga
Abana bashyirwa mu matsinda abiri bagaharara ku mirongo iteganye.
Buri tsinda rihitamo ubanziriza abandi kwiruka. Hereza umwana agati yiruke
akurikire mugenzi we wo mu rindi tsinda, agamije kumukozaho ka gati yahawe
kugira ngo abe atsinze igitego. Abana bagenda baherezanya agati kugeza
habonetse itsinda ritsinda igitego.
- Bifasha abana kwaguka mu mitekereze n’iterambere mbamutima
n’imibanire n’abandi
- Bifasha umwana gukoresha imiyego y’ingingo nini n’into.
- Byongerera abana ubushobozi bwo kuvumbura no guhanga udushya.
Umwaka wa 1, uwa 2 n’uwa 3 w’amashuri y’inshuke; umutwe wa 1: Imiyego
y’ingingo nini.
Ibikoresho bikenewe : Ibiti, amapine, imigozi
Umwana yicara ku ipine maze akicunda abifashijwemo n’ umurezi.
Imyaka 3 kugera 6:
- Abana bafashijwe n’ umurezi , abashyira ku mwicungo uri ku kigero cyabo
kandi uri ahantu hatekanye , hanyuma akabafasha kwicunga
- Mu gihe k’imikino yo hanze ku bana bamenyereye bajya aho imyicungo iri
bakicunga bakajya basimburana kugira ngo bose bagerweho.
- Imyicungo iteza imbere ibyiyumviro by’umwana.
- Imyicungo ituma imiyego y’ ingingo nto n’ inini ikura.
Umwaka wa 1, 2, n’uwa 3 ; umutwe wa 1: Imiyego y’ingingo nini
Ibikoreho by’ibanze bikenwe
Umucanga, isanduka cyanwa ikindi gikoresho washyiramo umucanga
– Fata umucanga uwushyire mu gikoresho cyabugenewe cyangwa hanze.
– Shaka ahantu hatekanye ku buryo abana bahakinira.
0 kugera 3:
– Abana bakiri bato bakinira mu mucanga bari kumwe n’ umurezi wabo
– Abana basharabagamo, bakawurunda , bakawusanza , bakawigaraguramo,
bagacukuramo cyangwa bagakoramo ibirundo
Imyaka 4 kugera kuri 6
Kwandika mu mucanga ukoresheje urutoki.
- Abana bashobora kwandikisha urutoki bakandika inyuguti , imibare,
amashusho
- Umurezi ashobora kuyobora abana icyo bari bukore agendeye ku
nsanganyamatsiko igezweho
Byongerera abana ubushobozi bwo gutekereza no gukoresha imiyego
y’ingingo nini n’into.
- Byongerera abana ubushobozi bwo kuvumbura no guhanga udushya,
iterambere mbamutima n’imibanire n’abandi