UBUGENI N'UMUCO TG GRADE 2

2.1. KUBAKA IBINTU BINYURANYE (Umwaka wa mbere)

2.1.0. Intangiriro

Mu mibereho y’abana batoya bakunda gukinisha ibintu bitandukanye babonye.

Bashimishwa no gukina bubaka ibintu bitandukanye bifashishije ibikoresho

bishakiye bakubaka ibintu bitandukanye babona aho batuye. Mu gikorwa cyo

kubaka abana baba bafite ubwisanzure bwo kugaragaza icyo batekereza ari nako

kimwogerera amahirwe yo gukura akunda ubushakashatsi, imikino yo kubaka ibintu

itandukanye, n’ibindi. Ni byiza rero ko umwana atozwa ubwo bumenyi ngiro bwo

kubaka akiri mutoya kuko binatuma ingirangingo ze z’ubwonko zibasha kwegerana

bityo bikamufasha gukura neza. Urugero: kubaka imodoka, igare, indege, umupira

wo gukina, ni bimwe mu bikorwa byo kubaka abana bakunda gukora mu buryo

bwo kwishimisha. Ibikorwa nk’ibi bimenyereza abana gukora ibikorwa bijyanye no

kubaka.

Mu mwaka wa mbere, kubaka byigwa mu masomo abiri (2)

Mu mwaka wa kabiri, kubaka byigwa mu masomo abiri (2)

Mu mwaka wa gatatu, kubaka byigwa mu masomo abiri (2)

2.1.1. Uruhererekane rw’amasomo

2.1.2. Ubushobozi bw’ingenzi bugamijwe:

Abana bazaba bashobora kubaka ibintu bitandukanye bifashishije ibikoresho

bitandukanye biri aho batuye.

2.1.3. Ingingo nsanganyamasomo

• Umuco w’amahoro n’indangagaciro: Isaranganya ry’ibikoresho igihe bubaka

ni kimwe mu bizatuma abana bashobora kubana mu mahoro kandi buri

wese abashe kunyurwa n’ibikoresho ahawe bityo bimwubakemo umuco wo

kwihangana agategereza abandi mu gihe akeneye guhindura ibikoresho byo kubaka.

• Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye bw’ibitsina byombi: Mu bikorwa byateguwe

n’umurezi mu kwigisha kubaka ibintu bitandukanye, abakobwa n’abahungu bagiramo uruhare rungana.

• Uburezi budaheza: Mu gihe abana bazaba bubaka ibintu biba mu rugo no

guhuza amashusho abiri bakayabyaza ikintu gifatika, buri wese mu bushobozi

bwe azahabwa umwanya uhagije kugira ngo ashobore gukoresha ibikoresho

yagenewe. Umurezi agomba kwita no kumenya umwihariko wa buri mwana

mu bushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye kugira ngo amenye ubufasha bwihariye amugenera.

• Kwita ku bidukikije: Abana batozwa kubaka ibintu biba mu rugo no guhuza

amashusho abiri bakayabyaza ikintu gifatika bakakimanika ahabugenewe.

Abana batozwa kubungabunga ibidukikije no kutabyangiza, kandi bakanatozwa kwandurura ibikoresho no gusukura aho bakoreye.

2.1.4. Inama ku myigishirize y’amasomo

Isomo rijyanye no kubaka ibintu bitandukanye abana bararikunda cyane kuko

baba babona amashusho atandukanye bose bakifuza kuyakinisha. Kubaka bituma

umwana agaragaza imbamutima ze bityo bigatuma ubwenge bwe bukanguka

hakiri kare. Murezi niba ugiye guha abana ibikinisho bijyanye no kubaka ibintu

bitandukanye, banza witegereze neza ko ibyo bikinisho biri ku rugero rw’umwana,

kuburyo umwana abasha kubiterura, kubisunika, kubikurura. Byegereze umwana

kugirango mugihe abikeneye abibone byoroshye. Mbere yo guha umwana ibikoresho

banza ubigenzure kuko byabangamira umwana igihe yubaka ibintu bitandukanye

kandi irinde kumutegeka ibyo yubaka. Reka umwana akore ibyo yitekereje noneho

umenye icyo yahisemo maze umufashe acyiteho.

Isomo rya 1: Kubaka ibintu biba mu rugo

a. Intego y’isomo: kumenya kubaka ibintu byo mu rugo.

b. Imfashanyigisho: ibikinisho by’amatafari yo kubakisha, amabuye, imifuniko

y’amacupa impapuro, umucanga, amashusho n’amafoto agaragaza abana

bubaka ibikoresho bitandukanye.

c. Ibitabo byifashishijwe:

• Inyoborabarezi yo mu mashuri y’inshuke,

• Igitabo cy’ubugeni n’umuco,

• Isaranganyamasomo mu mashuri y’inshuke,

• Ibindi bitabo byaboneka bifitanye isano n’ubugeni n’umuco.

d. Ibice by’isomo:

Isomo rya 2: Guhuza ibice bibiri by’ishusho bagakora ishusho y’ikintu runaka

a. Intego y’isomo: Kumenya guhuza ibice bibiri by’ishusho bagakora ishusho y’ikintu runaka

b. Imfashanyigisho: ubujeni bifashisha bahuza amashusho, ibikoresho by’isuku:

amazi, isabune, agatebo kajyamo imyanda n’ibindi.

c. Ibikorwa by’imyigire n’imyigishirize:

Mu myigire n’imyigishirize yiri somo, ibikorwa bikorwa mu buryo bukurikira:

• Umurezi yereka abana uko intambwe zikurikirana mu kubaka amashusho

uhereye ku bice bigize ikizima. Urugero niba ugiye kubaka inka urabanza

ubwire abana ibice bigize igishushanyo cy’inka yuzuye noneho ukagenda

ubabwira ibice bigize iyo nka hanyuma ugatangira kubereka uko bayubaka no

guhuza icice bigize ishusho yayo;

• Umurezi yereka abana ibice bibiri by’ishusho bishobora guhuzwa hakavamo ishusho y’ikintu runaka.

• Umurezi abaza abana ibyo babonye ku bice bibiri by’ishusho beretswe.

• Umurezi yicaza abana neza ku ruziga mu buryo bworohera buri wese hagendewe ku bushobozi bwe;

• Umurezi asobanurira abana uko ibice bibiri by’ishusho babihuza bikavamo ishusho y’ikintu runaka.

• Umurezi aha abana ibikoresho bitandukanye birimo ubujeni bwo guhuza

amashusho, ibikinisho by’amatafari bashobora guhuza bakavanamo ikintu

kimwe gifatika, ibice bibiri by’ishusho bashobora guhuza hakavamo ishusho

y’ikintu runaka, ibikoresho by’isuku, agatebo kajyamo imyanda, n’ibindi 

byakoreshwa mu isomo bitewe n’ibyo ishuri rifite.

• Umurezi yitegereza ibikorwa bitandukanye abana bakora, anagendanda mu

ishuri atanga ubufasha bukenewe kuri buri mwana. Ibi umurezi abikora yitaye

ku mwihariko wa bri wese.

• Umurezi asaba abana guhuza ibice by’ishusho bagakuramo ishusho y’ikintu

runaka,

• Abana bahuza ibice by’ishusho bagakuramo ishusho y’ikintu runaka.

• Umurezi asaba abana gusobanura ibice by’amashusho bahuje bagakuramo ishusho y’ikintu runaka.

• Nyuma yo guhuzaibice bibiri hakavamo ashusho ishusho y’ikintu runaka, mu gikorwa cy’isuzuma, umurezi asaba abana kugaragaza uko bahuje ibyo bice bakavanamo ishusho y’ikintu runaka. Umurezi aboneraho umwanya wo gushima ibikorwa abana bakoze.

• Mu musozo w’isomo, umurezi afatanya n’abana gusukura aho bakoreye no

kubika neza ibikoresho bakoresheje kandi agafasha abana kwisukura bakaraba intoki.

2.1.5. Isuzumabushobozi risoza uyu mutwe

Isuzuma ry’amasomo agize uyu mutwe wo kubaka ibintu binyuranye rikorwa buhoro

buhoro abana bari mu gikorwa kandi hitabwa ku kureba uko bakora, muhate bafite

ndetse n’ibisobanuro batanga ku byo bakoze aho gushingira gusa ku bwiza bw’ibyo bakoze. Ni byiza rero ko umurezi agenda yitegereza ubushake umwana agenda agira

bwo gufatanya n’abandi ndetse no gusangira ibikoresho n’abandi igihe bidahagije.

Ibyo umwana agomba kubitozwa bikaba umuco.

bushingiye ku ntego za buri somo yigishije hagamijwe kureba intambwe agenda

atera mu kubaka ubushobozi bwe. Ibihangano abana bakoze bijyanye no kubaka

ibintu binyuranye, bigomba kumurikwa ahagaragara aho bahora babireba.

2.2. GUHUZA IBICE BIGIZE ISHUSHO (Umwaka wa kabiri)

2.2.1. Ubushobozi bw’ingenzi bugamijwe

Abana bazaba bashobora guhuza ibice bigize ibintu bifatika cy’amashusho y’ibintu basanzwe bazi.

2.2.2. Ingingo nsanganyamasomo

• Umuco w’amahoro n’indangagaciro: Isaranganya ry’ibikoresho igihe bazaba

bateranya ibice bigize ishusho ni kimwe mu bizatuma abana bashobora kubana mu mahoro kandi buri wese abashe kunyurwa n’ibikoresho ahawe bityo bimwubakemo umuco wo kwihangana agategereza abandi mu gihe akeneye guhindura ibikoresh

• Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye bw’ibitsina byombi: Mu bikorwa byateguwe n’umurezi mu kwigisha guhuza ibice bigize ishusho, abakobwa n’abahungu bagiramo uruhare rungana.

• Uburezi budaheza: Mu gihe abana bazaba bateranya ibice bigize ishusho, buri wese mu bushobozi bwe azahabwa umwanya uhagije kugira ngo ashobore gukoresha ibikoresho yagenewe. Umurezi agomba kwita no kumenya umwihariko wa buri mwana mu bushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye kugira ngo amenye ubufasha bwihariye amugenera.

• Kwita ku bidukikije: Abana batozwa guhuza ibice bigize ishusho, ahabugenewe kandi bakamenyerezwa kubungabunga ibidukikije no kutabyangiza. Abana batozwa kandi kwandurura ibikoresho no gusukura aho bakoreye.

2.2.3. Inama ku myigishirize y’amasomo

Imikino ijyanye no guteranya amashusho atandukanye abana barayikunda cyane kuko baba babona amashusho atandukanye bose bakifuza kuyakinisha. Ibi bituma umwana agaragaza imbamutima ze, bityo bigatuma ubwenge bwe bukanguka hakiri

kare. Murezi rero, niba ugiye guha abana ibikinisho bijyanye no guhuza amashusho atandukanye, banza witegereze neza ko ibyo bikinisho biri mu rugero rw’umwana bitamuremereye ku buryo umwana abasha kubiterura, kubisunika, cyangwa se

kubikurura. Byegereze umwana kugira ngo mu gihe abikeneye abibone ku buryo bumworoheye. Mbere yo guha umwana ibikoresho ariko, banza ubigenzure neza urebe niba bitamubangamira igihe ahuza amashusho.

Isomo rya 1: Guhuza ibice by’ishusho ugakora ishusho y’ikintu runaka

a. Intego y’isomo: Guhuza ibice by’ishusho ugakora ishusho y’ikintu runaka.

b. Imfashanyigisho: ubujeni bifashisha bahuza amashusho, ibikoresho by’isuku:

ibase, amazi, isabune, agatebo kajyamo imyanda, ibiti, ibyondo, amazi, imishipiri, ibirere, imisumari, isakaro, n’ibindi.

c. Ibitabo byifashishijwe:

• Inyoborabarezi yo mu mashuri y’inshuke;

• Igitabo cy’Ubugeni n’umuco;

• Isaranganyamasomo mu mashuri y’inshuke;

Isomo rya 2: Guhuza ibice by’amashusho

a. Intego y’isomo: Kumenya guhuza ibice by’amashusho y’ibintu binyuranye babona aho batuye.

b. Imfashanyigisho: Ibice by’amashusho y’ibikoresho binyuranye, ubujeni

bifashisha bahuza amashusho, ibikoresho by’isuku: ibesani, amazi, isabune, agatebo kajyamo imyanda n’ibindi.

c. Ibikorwa by’imyigire n’imyigishirize:

Mu myigire n’imyigishirize y’iri somo, ibikorwa bikorwa mu buryo bukurikira:

• Umurezi yereka abana ibice bigize amashusho atandukanye bize mu isomo
• riheruka akababaza uko bakoze umukoro akanabashimira ibyo bakoze kuri
• iryo somo ariko bigakorwa mu buryo bidatinda.

• Umurezi yereka abana ibice by’amashusho bitandukanye ndetse

• akanabagaragariza isano bifitanye hagati yabyo.
• Umurezi abaza abana ibyo babonye mu gihe barebaga ibice by’amashusho
• bitandukanye.
• Umurezi yicaza abana neza ku ruziga ndetse mu buryo bworohera buri wese
• hagendewe ku bushobozi bwe;
• • Umurezi aha abana ibikoresho bitandukanye, birimo; ibiti, ibyondo, amazi,
• imishipiri, ibirere, imisumari, isakaro, ibikoresho by’isuku agatebo kajyamo
• imyanda ndetse utibagiwe n’ibice by’ibishushanyo bitandukanye. n’ibindi
• byakoreshwa mu isomo bitewe n’ibyo ishuri rifite;
•  Umurezi asaba abana guhuza ibice by’amashusho y’ibintu binyuranye babona
• aho batuye, nyuma yaho basobanura ibice by’amashusho bahuje kugira ngo
• bakore amashusho ibintu runaka babona aho batuye.
•  Umurezi yitegereza ibikorwa bitandukanye abana bakora, agenda atanga
• ubufasha aho biri ngombwa akurikije umwihariko wa buri mwana;
• • Nyuma yo guhuza ibice by’amashusho y’ibintu binyuranye babona aho batuye
• mu gikorwa cy’isuzuma, umurezi asaba abana kugaragaza uko bateranyije
• amashusho, maze agushima ibikorwa abana bakoze;
•  Mu musozo w’isomo, umurezi afatanya n’abana gusukura aho bakoreye,
• bakabika neza ibikoresho bakoresheje akanafasha abana kwisukura bakaraba intoki.

2.2.4. Ingero z’ibikorwa bihuza uyu mutwe n’ibindi byigwa

2.2.5. Isuzumabushobozi risoza uyu mutwe

Umurezi agomba kwibuka ko isuzuma ry’amasomo agize uyu mutwe wo guhuza ibice bigize ishusho, hitabwa ku kureba ukuntu umwana asobanura ibyo yakoze ahuza amashusho n’amabara yasize. Ibi bigakorwa buhoro buhoro abana bari mu

gikorwa aho gushingira gusa ku bwiza bw’ibyo yakoze. Ni ngombwa rero kureba ibyo umwana yakoze n’uko abikora. Umurezi agomba kumubaza ibibazo bimufasha kuvumbura ko hari ibitaranoga bityo bigatuma atekereza uko agiye kubinoza.

Umurezi asabwa kubika neza kandi ku gihe amakuru ajyanye n’ubushobozi bw’abana bushingiye ku ntego za buri somo yigishije. Ibi bikazamufasha kureba uko umwana agenda atera intambwe mu kubaka ubushobozi bwo guhuza amashusho.

Ibihangano abana bakoze bijyanye no guhanga ibintu bigaragaza ibitekerezo n’imbamutima byabo bizamurikwa ahagaragara ku buryo abana bazajya bagereranya ibyo bakoze n’ibyo abandi bakoze maze bakabyigiraho.

2.3. KUBAKA AFITE INTEGO (Umwaka wa gatatu)

2.3.1. Ubushobozi bw’ingenzi bugamijwe

Abana bazaba bashobora kubaka ibintu binyuranye bihimbiye mu mutwe bijyana n’ ibyo babona.

2.3.2. Ingingo nsanganyamasomo

• • Umuco w’amahoro n’indangagaciro: Isaranganya ry’ibikoresho bazaba bakoresha bubaka ibintu binyuranye bihimbiye ni kimwe mu bizatuma abana bashobora kubana mu mahoro kandi buri wese abashe kunyurwa n’ibikoresho ahawe bityo bimwubakemo umuco wo kwihangana agategereza abandi mu gihe akeneye guhindura ibikoresho.
•  Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye bw’ibitsina byombi: Mu bikorwa byateguwe n’umurezi mu kwigisha kubaka ibintu binyuranye bihimbiye, abakobwa n’abahungu bagiramo uruhare rungana.
• Uburezi budaheza: Mu gihe abana bazaba bubaka ibintu bitandukanye bihimbiye, buri wese mu bushobozi bwe azahabwa umwanya uhagije kugira ngo ashobore gukoresha ibikoresho yagenewe. Umurezi agomba kwita no kumenya umwihariko wa buri mwana mu bushobozi bwo kubaka ibintu bitandukanye kugira ngo amenye ubufasha bwihariye amugenera.
• Kwita ku bidukikije: Abana batozwa kubaka ibintu bitandukanye bihimbiye, ahabugenewe kandi bakamenyerezwa kubungabunga ibidukikije no kutabyangiza. Abana batozwa kandi kwandurura ibikoresho no gusukura aho bakoreye.

2.3.3. Inama ku myigishirize y’isomo

Imikino ijyanye no kubaka ibintu bitandukanye ku mwana ni ingirakamaro cyane kuko ituma ubwenge bwe bukanguka hakiri kare. Murezi rero, niba ugiye guha abana ibikinisho bijyanye no kubaka, banza witegereze neza ko ibyo bikinisho biri

mu rugero rwabo bitabaremereye ku buryo abana babasha kubiterura, kubisunika, kubikurura byegereze abana kugira ngo mu gihe babikeneye babibone byoroshye, kandi urebe ko ibyo bikoresho ubahaye bitamurika cyane cyangwa bishashagirana.

Ibyo byose mbere yo guha abana ibikoresho banza ubigenzure kuko byabangamira abana igihe bubaka bafite intego.

Isomo rya 1: Guteranya amashusho yakaswemo uduce ku buryo bitanga ishusho

a. Intego y’isomo: kumenya gukata uduce dutandukanye mu ishusho yuzuye no kongera guteranya utwo duce tukabyara ishusho.

a. Imfashanyigisho: ubujeni bifashisha bahuza amashusho, ibikoresho by’isuku: ibesani, amazi, isabune, agatebo kajyamo imyanda icupa rya pulasitiki, amashusho y’ikirayi, aya karoti na y’ ikijumba

b. Ibitabo byifashishijwe:

• • Inyoborabarezi yo mu mashuri y’inshuke,
• • Igitabo cy’Ubugeni n’umuco,
• • Isaranganyamasomo mu mashuri y’inshuke

c. Ibice by’isomo:

Isomo rya 2: Kubaka ibikoresho byo mu rugo ahereye ku byo yihimbiye

a. Intego y’isomo: Kumenya kubaka ibikoresho byo mu rugo ahereye ku byo yihimbiye.

b. Imfashanyigisho: Ibikinisho by’amatafari, amacupa, ibirere, umucanga, amabuye, impapuro.

c. Ibikorwa by’imyigire n’imyigishirize:

Mu myigire n’imyigishirize yiri somo, ibikorwa bikorwa mu buryo bukurikira:

•  Umurezi yereka abana amashusho ariho ibikoresho byo mu rugo, baba barize mu isomo riheruka no kubabaza uko bakoze umukoro akanabashimira ibyo bakoze kuri iryo somo ariko bigakorwa mu buryo bidatinda;
•  Umurezi yereka abana amashusho manini atandukanye agaragaza ibikoreshobbyo mu rugo;
•  Umurezi abaza abana ibyo babonye mu gihe barebaga amashusho manini atandukanye agaragaza ibikoresho byo mu rugo;
• • Umurezi yicaza abana neza ku ruziga ndetse mu buryo bworohera buri wese hagendewe ku bushobozi bwe;
• • Umurezi aha abana ibikoresho bitandukanye birimo ibiti, ibyondo, amazi, imishipiri, ibirere, imisumari, isakaro, ibikoresho by’isuku agatebo kajyamo imyanda ndetse utibagiwe n’ibice by’ibishushanyo bitandukanye. n’ibindi byakoreshwa mu isomo bitewe n’ibyo ishuri rifite;
• Umurezi asaba abana kubaka ibikoresho byo mu rugo ahereye ku byo yihimbiye, nyuma yaho, buri mwana asobanura ibikoresho yubatse;
• Umurezi yitegereza ibikorwa bitandukanye abana bakora ari na ko atanga ubufasha aho biri ngombwa ku mwihariko wa buri mwana;
• Nyuma yo kubaka ibikoresho byo mu rugo biboneka aho batuye ahereye ku byo yihimbiye, mu gikorwa cy’isuzuma, umurezi asaba abana kugaragaza uko bubatse ibyo bikoresho;
• Umurezi aboneraho umwanya wo gushima ibikorwa abana bakoze;
• Mu musozo w’isomo, umurezi afatanya n’abana gusukura aho bakoreye no kubika neza ibikoresho bakoresheje no gufasha abana kwisukura bakaraba intoki.

2.3.4. Ingero z’ibikorwa bihuza uyu mutwe n’ibindi byigwa

2.3.5. Isuzumabushobozi risoza uyu mutwe

Isuzuma ry’amasomo agize uyu mutwe wo kubaka afite intego (iforomo) rikorwa buhoro buhoro abana bari mu gikorwa kandi hitabwa ku kureba uko bakora n’ibisobanuro batanga ku byo bakoze aho gushingira gusa ku bwiza bw’ibyo bakoze.

Umurezi asabwa kubika neza kandi ku gihe amakuru ajyanye n’ubushobozi bw’abana bushingiye ku ntego za buri somo yigishije. Ibihangano abana bakoze bijyanye no kubaka, bizamurikwa ahagaragara ku buryo abana bazajya bagereranya ibyo bakoze n’ibyo abandi bakoze

Umurezi yirinda kuvuga ko igihangano cy’umwana ari kibi; ahubwo amushimira intambwe yateye yo kugira icyo akora ari nako amusaba kureba niba hari icyo yavugurura kugira ngo bibe byiza kurushaho.