Course: A Level and O' Level Pass Papers 2017

General

IKINYARWANDA II Forum
IKIZAMINI CYA LETA GISOZA IKICIRO CYA KABIRI CY’AMASHURI YISUMBUYE, 2017

IKIZAMINI: IKINYARWANDA II

AMASHAMI: - ENGLISH-FRENCH-KINYARWANDA (EFK)

- ENGLISH –KISWAHILI-KINYARWANDA (EKK)

IGIHE KIMARA: AMASAHA 3

AMABWIRIZA:

1)   Andika amazina yawe na nomero yawe ku ikayi y’ibisubizo nk’uko byanditswe kuri “Registration form” ariko ubujijwe kubyandika ku mpapuro z’inyongera wahabwa bibaye ngombwa.

2)   Ntufungure iyi kayi y’ibibazo by’ikizamini utabiherewe uburenganzira.

3)   Ikizamini kigizwe n’ibice bibiri by’ingenzi:

·         Igice cya mbere: UMWANDIKO N’IMITERERE Y’URURIMI (amanota 85)

·         Igice cya kabiri: IHANGAMWANDIKO                                    (amanota 15)

4)   Ubahiriza itonde ry’ibibazo uko bikurikirana.

5)   Subiza muri make utarondogoye.

6)   Amazina yawe cyangwa ay’ishuri wigamo ntagire aho agaragara handi hatari ahabugenewe ku ikayi y’ibisubizo.

7)   Irinde gusiribanga no guhindagura ibisubizo.

8)   Koresha ikaramu y’ubururu cyangwa iy’umukara.

Umwandiko wa mbere: UMWANA W’IKIRARA
Umwana areba uwo mugabo ufite urukapu ruriho ibyondo muri icyo gitondo agira ubwoba ashaka kujya guhamagara. Nsengiyumva aramufata, ati: “Humura; ahubwo dore amafaranga yazo, maze uwo wari uzokereje umushyirireho izindi”. Igihe umwana atari yarangiza kubara amafaranga, uduti tubiri aba aratumize. Tundi tubiri na two atuyongobeza nk’utwo twa mbere, umwana arumirwa.
Ibyo ari byo byose ariko mu Gasarenda hari hakiri kure ku muntu wananiwe wifitiye n’udufaranga twa ntatwo, agomba gucunga cyane nk’ukuguru kurwaye uruguma. Arakomeza arikurura, abo bahuye ntabiteho kuko na we yabonaga batamumenye, agiye kubona, kera kabaye, abona ahingukiye ku mazu ya mbere yo ku isoko.

Arahagarara atereka igikapu ke hasi. Yumva araruhutse, ariko arebye imyenda yambaye aramwenyura. Yari ananiwe kandi ashonje, ariko yumva nta cyo bimubwiye. Yari yacitse abantu bose bamuhigiraga. Na none ariko agaterwa inkeke n’ibintu byose yakoze mu gihugu none akaba agarutse iwabo. Ubwo se bishobora guhinduka ko n’aho yari yaragiye ari ukubahunga? Nsengiyumva abaturage bibukaga ni uwuhe? Umwana w’ingimbi se yari yarajujubije amubuza kwiga ngo amuragirire imigunda y’ihene itarateye kabiri? Cyangwa se Nsengiyumva Maritini, igisuma cyari cyarayogoje ibintu nta muntu n’umwe ugikoma imbere mu mugi muzima wa Gasarenda?

Aterura igikapu ke aterera ku rutugu, arongera aragenda agana mu mugi rwagati. Ibintu hafi ya byose byari byarahindutse: ibiro bishya bya Komini byaruzuye, iby’urukiko rwa Kanto reka sinakubwira, ndetse ntiyari kumenya iyo nzu iyo ari yo, iyo ataza kubona ibyanditseho hejuru ku gasongero. Hari hariyongereyeho andi maduka mashya akikije isoko kandi yubakishije amatafari, nyamara yarahaherukaga hari utururi tw’ibirere gusa, uretse inzu nk’eshatu zari zishakaje amabati, zirimo n’iy’iwabo. Ubwo kandi ku mabaraza menshi hari hahagaze imodoka: amakamyo n’amakamyoneti, reka amamashini hirya no hino acicikana, ati: “Amajyambere ariyongera.”

Ageze mu isoko arongera yibaza icyo akora. Nta kintu kitwa ifaranga yari yifitiye mu mufuka ngo yakwigurira agasahani k’imvange. Hanyuma yumva igikapu ke kiramuremereye, yibuka ko gikomeye. Yari yaragiforoze gikoze mu ruhu kandi nta bintu byarimo uretse cya gikote yajyaga yambara ajya kwiba, harimo ipantaro imwe n’agashatikote na ko gashaje hamwe n’umuguru w’inkweto. Akebutse aho se yari atuye, asanga hari inzu y’amatafari atahasize, kandi uko yasize uwo musaza, atari uwari kuyiyubakira. Ahamagara umwana wari umunyuze iruhande. Umwana arahindukira:

-          Hariya ni kwa nde sha?

Umwana abanza kwitegereza uwo mugabo utazi aho hantu, kandi wambaye atyo, agira ubwoba, ariko abonye atamureba aramusubiza :
-          Ni kwa Haguma.

-          Ahakorera iki se ?

-          Aracuruza. Harimo n’amazu acumbikiramo abantu.

-          Nuko urakoze sha.

Ikintu cy’akoba yumva kiramutashye atekereje Kayitesi Jane. Ese yari akibaho? Ese yagira atya akamubona imbere ye? Oya ariko. Ntibyashobokaga ko yamubona ameze atyo, yambaye injamba. Nuko arashingura yerekeza kuri ya nzu.

Aho anyuze abantu bakamureba. Aza ndetse guhura n’umugabo aramureba aramwitegereza, ubundi arakomeza yerekeza ku biro bya Komini. Nsengiyumva akeka ko yamurebye akamumenya none akaba agiye kureba Burugumesitiri ngo abimumenyeshe. Akumva ndetse ko butira abantu bose bataramenya ko Nsengiyumva Maritini yagarutse mu Gasarenda. Ubwo yenda abasore barajya bamurebana agasuzuguro kavanzemo n’ubwoba bwinshi, na ho abagabo bashake kongera kumusubiza iyo aturutse kuko badashaka intambara z’urudaca, bari bamaze kabiri bafite agahenge. Nyamara ariko baribeshyaga. Nsengiyumva yari yararambiwe guhora atimbagurana boshye isekurume. Icyo we yumvaga yishakira ni ukwiberaho mu mahoro, akabona icyo akora kimubeshaho mu mutuzo.

Anyura inyuma y’iyo nzu ya Haguma, ahita mu gikari asanga Tadeyo aho yadoderaga inkweto. Aho ho nta cyo hari harahindutseho. Uretse ko Tadeyo ubwe ari we wari warashaje gatoya. Yari atangiye kuzana iminkanyari, mu ruhanga harakururutse, kandi yarameze imvi. Atura igikapu ke hasi arahagarara nk’ucemerewe. Yibaza icyo aribumubwire. Tadeyo arasohoka arahamusanga:

-          Uraho musore? Ni iki nakumarira?

Nsengiyumva ahita amenya ko atamumenye. Nta mugayo kandi kuko batajyaga bahura cyane mu burara bwe!

-          Nagiraga ngo ungurire iki gikapu maze uge ugikatamo ibiraka by’inkweto.

Umugabo ntiyamurushya, arunama arakitegereza:

-          Amafaranga magana atanu, kandi na yo ntikiyakwiye.

-          Ngaho yazane na yo ni amafaranga.

Tadeyo arahaguruka yitegereza uwo muntu ushaka kugurisha igikapu, ari na ko amuhereza inoti eshanu z’ijana yari amaze kuzamura mu mufuka w’ipantaro maze ariyamirira!

-          Kabasha ampa inka turi i Kabarore! Uyu si Nsengiyumva Maritini ra?

-          Ni gewe rwose.

Arunama ngo ayore inkweto n’ipantaro n’agakote bye. Abipfunyika mu gikote, ariko akabona ko Tadeyo yakomeje kumuhanga ijisho:

-          Ibyo kugenda cyane nta cyo byakunguye ariko!

-          Ashwi nta cyo. Ni uko urakoze Tadeyo we!

-          Urumva se uzaguma ino?
Umusore amubwiza umutwe ko ari byo maze arigendera. Ngo anyure imbere ya Bare NGURORE, yumva impumuro ibabira y’imishito imukubise ku mazuru. Arinjira maze arambika ibintu bye imbere y’urugi. Muri kontwari hakabamo agasore yabonaga atazi atacyibuka atanahasize. Akaka icupa rya byeri n’udushito tubiri tw’inyama. Hanyuma akebutse hirya ye abona urugi rwanditseho ngo “W.C.” ajyayo gukaraba kuko yibwiraga ko hariyo robine y’amazi uko yari yaramenyereye mu migi nka Kigali. Cyakora agize Imana asanga n’ahandi amazi yarahageze, arakaraba. Agarutse muri bare ka gasore kamuhereza ikirahure arabanza aragihirika ataruhutse. Undi arumirwa aramubaza ati: “Ese urasuka mu nyenga muri iki gitondo?”

Undi ntiyamusubiza. Yumvaga yimererewe neza, dore ko yari amaze nk’icyumweru nta kitwa ikinyobwa ashyize mu kanwa uretse aya riba. Icyumweru yari amaze yirukanka ibigunda; akagenda nijoro bwacya akihisha. Ubwo bamuzanira n’inyama. Umusore amurebye uko azimiragura arongera aramubwira ati: “Umuntu yagira ngo umaze ukwezi kose utarya!” Undi noneho aramwenyura yerekana uruhanga rukeye, ukabona rwose ko atakinaniwe. Asubiza uwo musore:

-          Wabimenye rwose.

-          Wari waragiye he se?

-          Uranzi se ariko ko ubaza iyo nari naragiye?

-          Oya sinakumenye, ariko n’ubundi nturi uw’ino.

-          Ubwo se ab’ino bose urabazi ?

-          Nsibye kubamenya amazina bose, ariko amasura yo ndayazi.

Nsengiyumva araseka:

-          Hagomba kuba hari abantu utaramenya ariko yenda na bo uzabamenya nuguma hano. Ese ubundi umaze igihe kingana iki muri iyi bare?

-          Uku kwezi ngiye kurangiza ni ukwa gatanu.

-          Ntiwumva ko ukiri mushya; hari abo utaramenya.

Nsengiyumva arangiza icupa rye maze ariruhutsa:

-          Ndakwishyura angahe?

-          Ijana na mirongo itanu. Ubundi yari kuba ijana na mirongo ine, ariko kandi kuva ejo bazamuye ibiciro bya byeri.

Nsengiyumva arambika inoti ebyiri z’ijana ku meza:

-          Mpa n’ipaki y’itabi.

-          Ubwo byose hamwe ni ijana na mirongo urwenda.

Amuha itabi, amushakira n’igikoroto k’icumi. Nsengiyumva aruma ku kibuno k’ipaki arahashwanyura asohoramo isegereti, ashatse ikibiriti arakibura. Ahereza ka gasore cya gikoroto, ati: “Enda mpa n’ikibiriti”.
Arakimuhereza, arasa umwambi akongeza agasegereti ke. Akurura umwotsi mwinshi cyane, arararama awohereza mu gisenge maze akurikirana uko ugenda wikaraga uzamuka kandi bisa nk’aho bigenda bibyimba. Ndetse yumva atangiye kugarura ubuyanja; ibibazo bibaye bike nk’aho uwo mwotsi ugurukanye igice. Yenda ibintu bye maze arasohoka. (…)
IGICE CYA MBERE: UMWANDIKO N’IMITERERE Y’URURIMI (AMANOTA 85)

I.       KUMVA NO GUSESENGURA UMWANDIKO       (AMANOTA 20)

1)   Inkuru itangira ite? Uyu mwana w’ikirara yari ari he inkuru itangira?

Yari aturutse he? Ese avuka he?                                                       (amanota 4)

2)   Wifashishije ingero erekana ibintu bitatu bigaragaza ko iyi nkuru

atari iyo muri iki gihe.                                                                       (amanota 3)

3)   Umunyakabari avuga ko byeri yazamuye igiciro: icyo gihe yaguraga

angahe, itarazamuka yaguraga angahe?                                           (amanota 2)

4)   Erekana ibintu bibiri bigaragaza ko uriya munyakabari yari azi

gukurura abaguzi?                                                                            (amanota 2)

5)   Tanga ibintu bibiri bigaragaza ko agasantere ka Gasarenda kari

karateye imbere.                                                                                (amanota 2)

6)   Ni iki kerekana ko iwabo w’uyu mwana w’ikirara wari umuryango

wifashije? (amanota 2)

7)   Ukurikije uyu mwandiko Kayitesi Jane yaba afitanye iyihe sano na Nsengiyumva? Ni iki kibikwereka?                                                    (amanota 2)

8)   “Umuntu asiga ikimwirukana ntasiga ikimwirukamo”.

Huza uyu mugenurano n’uyu mwandiko. (amanota 2)

9)   Ni iyihe mpamvu y’ingenzi yaba yaratumye uyu mwana w’ikirara

yiyemeza kugaruka iwabo ku ivuko?                                                      (inota 1)

II.    INYUNGURAMAGAMBO                   (AMANOTA 10)

10) Sobanura amagambo akurikira: (amanota 5)

(a) Agashatikoti:

(b) Imigunda (y’ihene):

(c) Injamba:

(d) Kujujubya:

(e) Kurorongotana:

11) Simbuza amagambo aciyeho umurongo ayo bihuje inyito ari

mu mwandiko: (amanota 5)

(a) Hashize igihe babona aragarutse agarukanye n’umugore n’abana.

(b) Gatera aba akuviriye mu isoko akubitana n’igisambo ruharwa

cyayogoje ibintu.

(c) Yagiye gusaba umuturanyi icyo kurya asanga na we afite uturyo tw’ubusabusa.

(d) Kubera ukuntu ataherukanaga n’inshuti ye bahuye asa

nk’uguye mu kantu kuko atakekaga ko bakongera guhura.

(e) Abashinzwe umutekano bamaze gufata igisambo cyari

cyarabujije amahoro abaturage.

III. IKIBONEZAMVUGO                          (AMANOTA 28)

12) Andika ubwoko bw’amagambo aciyeho umurongo: (amanota 5)

(a) Aramubwira, ati : “ngwino hano ngutume”.

(b) Tugiye kumva ngo: “dumburi” aba amize nkeri.

(c) Nsengiyumva yari yaravuye mu Gasarenda ahigwa bukware:

(d) Amaze kubona ko ntacyo byamumariye yasanze ibyiza ari

ugusubira ku ivuko.

(e) Umunsi mpuzamahanga w’umurimo wizihizwa mu kwezi kwa gatanu.

13) Garagaza intego n’amategeko y’igenamajwi yubahirijwe ku magambo

aciyeho umurongo:   (amanota 11)

(a) Nsengiyumva yatashye iwabo atagira n’impamba.

(b) Aho bari batuye mu Gasarenda habonekaga ibikoresho binyuranye.

(c) Tukigerayo twasanze ibintu byarorohejwe nta ngorane nyinshi zirimo.

14) Andika ingiro inshinga ziciyeho umurongo zirimo: (amanota 3)

(a) Nsengiyumva yasanze umugi wa Gasarenda warubatswe ku buryo bugaragara.

(b) Ubutaha abanyeshuri bazakora Ikinyarwanda bazaba ari benshi.

(c) Abanyeshuri bariyigisha isomo ryabo mu gihe mwarimu ataraza.

15) Sesengura interuro ikurikira: Umurimo uhesha nyirawo imibereho myiza;

(a) Ugaragaza inyangingo ziyigize.

(b) Uyishyira ku giti.                                                                         (amanota 6)

16) Tanga urugero rw’izina ry’inyunge kuri buri bwoko: (amanota 3)

(a) Izina ry’inyunge ry’urujyanonshinga

(b) Izina ry’akabimbura nyabyo

(c) Izina ry’inyunge rifite umusuma

IV. UBUVANGANZO N’UBUMENYI BW’URURIMI (AMANOTA 27)

17) Ubutinde n’amasaku: (amanota 11)

(a) Tandukanya amagambo yandikwa atya ukoresheje ubutinde

bw’imigemo n’amasaku ugabanya ibimenyetso:                           (amanota 6)

(i)   kureshya (kudasumbana) ……………≠ ………………..(umugeni)

(ii) kurengera (kubangamira) …………. ≠ …………………(kurwanaho)

(iii)                impundu (abagore bavuza) …………≠ ………..(ubwoko bw’inguge)

(b) Kora uwo mwitozo w’ubutinde n’amasaku kuri iyi nteruro: (amanota 5) Aramubwira, ati “musore, mpereza utwo duti tubiri ndakwishyura

mu kanya.”

18) Ni gute bita utu twatuzo [ ]? Dukoreshwa he mu nteruro?

Tanga urugero rw’interuro ibigaragaza.                                            (amanota 3)
19) Andika ibihekane bibiri bitemerewe gukurikirwa n’inyajwi « u »

na « o » mu myandikire yemewe y’Ikinyarwanda.                          (amanota 2)

Umwandiko wa kabiri

Umwijima ukaba umwaku

Umwaga ukaba agahinda

Kuvuga bigasagamba

Kuramba bikaba indoto

Indoro ikaba iy’induro

Ibirura bigasizora.

[…]

20) Garagaza umubare w’utubangutso (utubeshuro) mu mikarago ine (4)

ibanza werekane n’uko utubona, hanyuma ugereranye imikarago

y’ibiharwe (1, 3) n’itari ibiharwe (2, 4).                                             (amanota 4)

21) Ese hari isubirajwi wumva ryiganje muri iyo mikarago ine ibanza?

Rishingiye he?                                                                                  (amanota 2)

22) Mu nganzo y’amazina y’inka, izina umwisi yahaga inka zibyaye

uburiza baryitaga ngo iki?                                                                       (inota 1)

23) Ni nde wahamagaraga umwisi ngo yite inka?                                   (inota 1) 24) Ibi bisigo bikurikira byasizwe na ba nde?                                        (amanota 3)

(a) Umunsi ameza imiryango yose.

(b) Bantumye kubaza umuhigo.

(c) Riratukuye ishyembe icumita ibindi bihugu.

IGICE CYA KABIRI: IHANGAMWANDIKO     (AMANOTA 15)

25) Hitamo imwe mu nsanganyamatsiko zikurikira uyandikeho ukurikije

ibisabwa.

Ikitonderwa: Nuramuka wanditse ku nsanganyamatsiko zirenze imwe,

                      zombi zizaba imfabusa.

(a) Andika inyandiko mvugo y’inama y’ababyeyi barerera ku kigo cy’Amashuri

cya Karama. Ku murongo w’ibyigwa hari imyitwarire y’abanyeshuri,

imitsindire yabo, gufatira amafunguro ku ishuri n’ibindi.

Iyo nyandiko mvugo uyikore mu mazina ya NAMA Abi.

(b) Hanga umwandiko muremure utari munsi y’imirongo mirongo itatu (30) n’amagambo atari munsi ya magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250) ku nsanganyamatsiko ikurikira: «Ubutwari buraharanirwa»

BIOLOGY II

ADVANCED LEVEL NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017

SUBJECT: BIOLOGY

PAPER II: THEORY

COMBINATIONS:
BIOLOGY-CHEMISTRY-GEOGRAPHY (BCG)
MATHEMATICS-CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY (MCB)
PHYSICS-CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY (PCB)
DURATION: 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS:
1)   Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.

2)   Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.

3)   This paper consists of two sections: A and B.

SECTION A: Attempt all questions.   (70marks)

SECTION B: Attempt any THREE questions. (30marks)

4)   Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: Attempt all questions. (70 marks)

1) Copy the table below and complete the missing parts. (6marks)

2) The diagram below shows three organisms. Each belongs to a different phylum
Copy the table below and fill in the name of the phylum to which each organism belongs and give one external feature shown in the diagram which is a characteristic ofthis phylum.                                                                                                                       (6marks)

3) Explain why:

(a)   DNA needs to be chemically very stable.                                                        (3marks)
(b) mRNA needs to be easily broken down (chemically unstable).      (3marks)

4) Fill in the gaps using the appropriate biological terms represented by the

letters (A), (B), (C) and (D) .

Enzymes act as biological …… (A)………….…. They are …(B)………. proteins

that have a specific shape within which there is a functional portion known
as the ……(C)..…….. Enzymes lower the ………(D)….………… of the reaction,

allowing it to proceed at a lower temperature than it would normally proceed. (4marks)
5 ) The diagram below has been made from an electron micrograph of a cell lining

    the human intestine.

6) Below is a list of four infectious diseases.

P-   Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Q- Malaria

R-   Tuberculosis

S-   Cholera

For each of the following statements, give the letter corresponding to those

diseases to which the statement refers. There may be more than one letter

for each answer, and each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(a)   Antibiotics are used in its control.                                                                 (1mark)

(b) A vector is involved in its transmission. (1mark)

(c)   The organism causing the disease is a prokaryote. (1mark)

(d) It makes sufferers more vulnerable to other diseases. (1mark)

(e)   It occurs particularly where there is poor sanitation. (1mark)

(f)    It is caused by a pathogen. (1mark)

7) The flow chart represents the breakdown of starch in the human gut.

(a) Name two organs which produce amylase in humans. (2marks)
(b)Describe how the release of amylase from each of these organs is controlled.      (3marks)

(c) Describe the precise location of maltase in human gut. (2marks)
8) The diagram below represents a metabolic pathway controlled by enzymes.

V is a substrate.

W, X and Y are intermediate compounds.

Z is a product.

e_1, e₂, e₃ and e₄ are enzymes.
(a)   Name the type of control mechanism which regulates production of

compound Z. (2marks)

(b) Explain precisely how an excess of compound Z will inhibit its further

production. (4marks)
9) (a) Starch grains in plant cells contain both amylose and amylopectin.

Explain how both of these substances are formed from glucose in plant cells. (4marks)

(b) State three functions of the water stored in the vacuoles of plant cells. (3marks)
10) In short horn cattle there is a gene C that determines coat colour.

The gene has two alleles:

·  The allele C^W produces a white coat when homozygous

·   The allele C^R produces a red coat when homozygous.

In the heterozygous state the coat is light red, a colour known as Roan.

The Roan is a mixture of all white hairs and all the red hairs. The alleles C^W

and C^R are codominant. The gene for coat colour is not sex linked.

Draw a genetic diagram to show the possible genotypes and phenotypes of
a cross between a bull with a white coat and a cow with roan coat.
10 ) (a) What happens to the size of a population during an exponential growth phase? (1mark)

(b) What is meant by the term “carrying capacity”? (2marks)

(c) Why is the temperature a density-independent factor? (2marks)

(d) Why is it NOT possible for two different species to have identical ecological niches? (2marks)
12)    The changes in blood pressure in the right atrium are the same as those

in the left atrium. The changes in blood pressure in the right ventricle are

different from those in the left ventricle.

Explain why this is so.      (4marks)
SECTION B: Attempt any three questions only.           (30 marks)
13) (a) Distinguish between the terms “gene” and “allele”. (2marks)

(b) The diagram below shows a family tree in which the blood group phenotypes

    are shown for some individuals.

14) Describe how the small intestine is adaptated to its function. (10marks)

2) Discuss the extent to which plants carry out homeostasis.                                  (10marks)

3) Give an account of the chemical nature and variety of carbohydrates. (10marks)

4) Discuss the mechanism by which new species may originate and a species
becomes extinct.

BIOLOGY III

TTC NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017

SUBJECT: FOUNDATIONS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

OPTION: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

DURATION : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:
1)   Write your names and index number as they appear on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional sheets of paper if provided.

2)   Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.

3)   This paper consists of TWO sections A and B.

          Section A: Attempt ALL questions.                                                (55marks)

          Section B: Attempt Only Three Questions. (45marks)

4) Use blue or black pen.
SECTION A: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS

A1. Choose and write the letter that corresponds to the right answer
1. The following is a picture or a pattern made by placing together small pieces of glass, stones: (3marks)

        a)   Doodling.

        b)   Mosaic.

         c) Collage.

        d)   Scribbling
2. Before developing the learning materials, the teacher does not consider the following: (3marks)

            a)   Age of the learner

           b)   Interest of the child

            c)   Ability of the children

           d)   Parents of the children
3. Which one of the following art skills that is the foundation for drawing and writing? (3marks)

a) Scribbling

b) Manipulation

c) Sorting

d) Classification
4. The following concept best explains the use of available materials when the required materials are not available or accessible.   (3marks)

a) Collection

b) Production

c) Improvisation

d) Donation
5. Which type of play is not a good example of social play? (3marks)

a) Solitary play

b) Constructive play

c) Onlooker play

d) Cooperative play
6. The infant is born with the following reflexes which help him/her to breastfeed except one: (3marks)

a) Rooting reflex

b) Sucking reflex

c) Swallowing reflex

d) Babinski reflex
7. The following are various reasons of adoption except one:                    (3marks)

a)    Homelessness

b)   Disability

c)    Witness of domestic violence

d)   Neglect
8. The following is the process of ensuring that funds are sufficient and efficient for a task. (3marks)

a)    Resource management

b)   Financial management

c)    School management

d)   ECD center management

9. Free play activities are also termed: (3marks)

a)    structured play activities

b)   unstructured play activities

c)    dramatic play activities

d)   adult directed activities

10. Children use their senses to develop new knowledge and increase their ideas. One of the following techniques is much closer to this statement.   (3marks)

a)    role play

b)   group discussion

c)    discovery and exploration

d)   learning in corners

11. Activities of running, playing football, jumping, kicking are classified as:   (3marks)

a)    fine and gross activities

b)   gross motor activities

c)    fine motor activities

d)   none of the above

12. The following statements highlight the importance of learning corners in classroom, except one: (3marks)

a)    learning corners arouse children’s interest, curiosity and stimulate learning

b)   they help children to focus on a single subject at time

c)    they reinforce what children have learnt

d)   they help children to use multiple senses in learning

13. Which of the following skill is most developed through story telling?   (3marks)

a)    Grammar

b)   Speaking in public

c)    Spelling

d)   Writing
14. According to Piaget, which of the following stages of cognitive development coincides with pre-primary education?   (3marks)

a)    Concrete operational stage

b)   Formal operational stage

c)    Pre-operational stage

d)   Sensory motor stage

15.Which one of the following is not a responsibility of parents in ECE?  (3marks)

a)    Ensure birth registration

b)   Meet survival needs of the child

c)    Support parents’ effort in providing for holistic needs of children

d)   Provide early stimulation for the future development of the child
A2. Compulsory open question
16. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate word.              (5marks)

a)    ……………………..is an organ that sustains the foetus by allowing oxygen and nutrients from mother’s blood across a semi-permeable membrane to the foetus.

b)   The first two weeks following fertilization is referred to as …………………………........

c)    When held horizontally on their stomach, their legs and arms stretch out ………………

d)   When the baby is touched near the corner of the mouth will turn the head toward the stimulus ………………......

e)    ………………….refers to the change in body proportion
17. Match up the terms in list A with those of list B. (5marks)

SECTION B: ATTEMPT ONLY THREE QUESTIONS (45marks)
18. Describe any five factors that positively influences children’s brain development.   (15marks)

19. According to Piaget, sensori-motor stage of cognitive development has 6 sub- stages, explain them. (15marks)

20. Explain any five roles of a caregiver when children are engaged in play. (15marks)

Q21. a) Identify five types of resources in the management of an ECD Centre. (7.5marks)

b) Outline five common accidents for children.   (7.5marks)

CHEMISTRY II

CHEMISTRY III

COMPUTER SCIENCE

ECONOMICS I

ECONOMICS II

ADVANCED LEVEL NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS 2017

SUBJECT : ECONOMICS

PAPER II : APPLICATION OF BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS

COMBINATION(S):

-    HISTORY- ECONOMICS-GEOGRAPHY : (HEG)

-    HISTORY- ECONOMICS-LITERATURE : (HEL)

-    LITERATURE- ECONOMICS-GEOGRAPHY : (LEG)

-    MATHEMATICS-ECONOMICS-GEOGRAPHY:(MEG)

-    MATHEMATICS-COMPUTER SCIENCE-ECONOMICS: (MCE)

-    PHYSICS-ECONOMICS-MATHEMATICS: (PEM)

DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:
1.   Write your names and index number on your answer booklet as they appear on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional sheets of paper if provided.

2.   Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.

3.   This paper consists of TWO sections: A and B.

         Section A: Attempt all questions.                             (55 marks)

          Section B: Attempt any THREE questions. (45 marks)

4. Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A: Attempt all questions (55marks)
1. a) Explain how the amount of commodities demanded by individuals or society is influenced by:
(i) Income distribution.                                                                  (1mark)

       (ii) Quantity of money supply.                                                         (1mark)

       (iii)Taxation level on goods.                                                             (1mark)

b) Identify any three consequences of maximum price.   (3marks)

2. Show the importance of knowledge of “elasticity of supply” to the Government of Rwanda. (6marks)
3. a) Differentiate between Real Flow and Money Flow.   2marks)

     b) Show the interdependent relationship between households and firms in real flow.  (3marks)

4. Explain the factors that determine the amount of money held for the transaction motive.          (5marks)
5. The table given below shows the price change of beans in T market for years 2010 and 2011.

a) Calculate the percentage change in the price of beans between the two years.                                                                              (1mark)

b) What does the answer found in 5.a) above mean?                       (1mark)

c) Assuming that during this period the prices of most agricultural products have the same percentage change. How is this economic situation called? (1mark)

d) Suggest any three measures the government can take to deal with the shortage of beans in the country.   (3marks)
6. Discuss any five disadvantages of indirect tax.                      (5marks)
7. Explain any six policies that developing countries can design to improve their terms of trade in the international market. (6marks)

8. Suppose that you are the Minister of Finance and Planning of your country, what will be your development objectives for the country?   (6marks)
9. Explain four disadvantages of time-rates as one of the systems of worker payment.     (4marks)   10. What would be the hindrances for the success of the privatization process? (6marks)
SECTION B: Attempt only three questions (45marks)
11 .a)Give reasons to explain why one firm can make abnormal profits while another makes losses yet both are operating under conditions of perfect competition.                                                (5marks)
b)Discuss the functions of profits in any economic system?          (10marks)

12. a)Explain why the compilation of national income statistics is very important in any Economy?  (11marks) b) Account for any four problems encountered by developing countries while compiling National income statistics. (4marks)

13. a) Explain how the following could lead to inflation:

         (i) Poor transport network.                                                           (2marks)
  (ii) Insecurity.   (2marks)
(iii) High taxes.   (2marks)

    b) Discuss any four measures that could be taken by the government to reduce structural inflation. (9marks)

14. a) Discuss any four reasons why unemployment and rural-urban migration are considered as two “twin evils”? (5marks)
   b) Suggest any five solutions to rural-urban migration in Rwanda.      (10marks)

15. a) Briefly explain the “theory of big push” as a theory of economic development.   (5marks)
    b) Account for any five advantages of the “big push theory” as a strategy of economic development. (10marks)

LITERATURE IN ENGLISH 019

ENTRERPRENEURSHIP

ADVANCED LEVEL NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017

SUBJECT : ENTREPRENEURSHIP

COMBINATIONS:

ALL SCIENCE COMBINATIONS
ALL HUMANITIES COMBINATIONS
ALL LANGUAGES COMBINATIONS

DURATION : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:
1)   Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.

2)   Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.

3)   This paper consists of TWO sections: A and B.

SECTION A: Attempt ALL questions.                     (55 marks)

SECTION B: Attempt any THREE questions. (45 marks)

4)   Calculators may be used where necessary.

5)   Show clearly all the working. No marks will be given for answers which do not have all working steps.

SECTION A: Attempt all questions          (55 marks)

1.   List any three negative ways of earning money and how to overcome them. (4marks)

2.       Describe any five reasons why the government of Rwanda imposes taxes on businesses.  (5marks)

3.   Mention any five factors that influence decision making.   (5marks)

4.   Identify any four areas that provide bases for business opportunities. (4marks)

5.   State any four characteristics of a good team. (4marks)

6.   Give any five responsibilities of a customer service officer.   (5marks)

7.   a) What is a performance appraisal?   (2marks)

b) Explain any two methods in carrying out performance appraisal.                                                                              (4marks)

8.   Outline any four advantages of filing the company documents.                                                                                (4marks)

9.   Kampire deposited 2,000,000 Frw on her bank account for 5 years. If the bank offers an interest of 7% per annum and                                      allows for interest to be added to the principal so that it also                           earns interest in 5 consecutive years. Find the total amount in the fifth year.   (7marks)

10. Explain any three functions of the National Bank of Rwanda.   (6marks)

11. List any five obstacles to social-economic development in Rwanda.   (5marks)

SECTION B: Attempt only three questions (45 marks)

12.a) Define ‘’skill’’.   (1mark)

     b) Explain any seven skills that a good manager should have.   (14marks)
13. Kamali and Clementine have completed Secondary school at APAKAPE Kayove and they want to start a restaurant near Rutsiro District. They want a small restaurant that can accommodate 40 people at ago. They need 20 tables with each table sitting 2 people. Estimate how much capital is required to start such a restaurant and categorize the start-up costs appropriately.
14. Assume you are the chairperson of Rwanda Development Board (RDB). During the meeting, you have been asked to advise businessmen and businesswomen on business ethics. Outline and explain any three ethics on each category of people you would advise the businessmen/businesswomen to follow in dealing with:

       a) Customers.                                                                               (3marks)

       b) Employees.                                                                               (3marks)

       c) Government.                                                                             (3marks)

       d) Shareholders.                                                                           (3marks)

       e) Society. (3marks)

15. In the vacation, you plan to buy and sell beans and maize in the local market in your sector. You will hire premises where to store your goods near the market.

Prepare your operational budget.                                                 (15marks)

FRANCAIS 021

EXAMEN NATIONAL DE FIN D’ETUDES SECONDAIRES, 2017

EPREUVE: FRANCAIS

COMBINATION: ENGLISH-FRENCH-KINYARWANDA (EFK)

DUREE: 3 HEURES

INFORMATION ET INSTRUCTIONS:
1)   Ecrivez vos noms et votre numéro sur le cahier de réponses tels qu’ils apparaissent sur la fiche d’inscription (registration form) ; mais ne les écrivez jamais sur des éventuelles feuilles de réponses additionnelles.

2)   N’ouvrez pas ce cahier de questionnaire jusqu’à ce que vous soyez autorisé de le faire.

3)   Cette épreuve comprend deux grandes parties :

        I.    Première Partie sur 85 points

Section A: Questions de compréhension du texte proposé                        (29 points)

Section B: Questions de connaissance de la langue française   (34 points)

Section C: Questions obligatoires de littérature   (22 points)

      II.    Deuxième Partie sur 15 points

Expression écrite invitant le (la) candidat(e) à mettre en œuvre les connaissances acquises et à exercer son jugement.

4)   Veuillez à l’ordre et à la clarté dans les réponses et au soin dans la présentation.
    I.    PREMIERE PARTIE (85 points)
Lisez attentivement le texte avant de répondre aux questions de compréhension et de langue.

La poupée
Veuf, un colonel de l’armée des Indes, qui vit avec sa fille Monica et la gouvernante de celle-ci, Mme Jodzka, a reçu d’un inconnu une poupée mystérieuse, bien que d’apparence très ordinaire. Il a ordonné à sa domestique de la brûler. Mais cette dernière, au lieu d’obéir, l’a offerte à Monica qui, très contente, ne s’en sépare jamais. Peu après, Mme Jodzka, inquiétée par l’étrangeté de la poupée, croit un soir entendre dans la chambre de la petite fille, deux voix qui se répondent…

Monica dormait profondément, mais dans son sommeil, elle étreignait et secouait sa poupée, comme si elle était troublée par un rêve. Elle murmurait des paroles indistinctes, puis gémissait et parlait tour à tour. Pourtant il y avait, à n’en pas douter, d’autres sons qui n’étaient pas émis par les lèvres de l’enfant.

Retenant son souffle pour mieux écouter, la gouvernante observa la scène avec attention. Elle perçut alors des grincements et des grognements puis, après un instant d’examen, elle constata qu’ils provenaient de la poupée dont la fillette pétrissait les membres : on aurait dit que les genoux et les coudes protestaient contre ce mauvais traitement. Lorsque la main de Monica venait à tordre le cou, la cire, le fil et la sciure faisaient entendre des grincements bizarres qui ressemblaient vaguement à des syllabes ou des mots.

L’oreille au guet, les yeux écarquillés, Mme Jodzka se sentit glacée de terreur. Elle chercha vainement une explication naturelle. Elle essaya de prier, sans y parvenir. Tout son corps fut baigné de sueur.

Soudain le visage de Monica prit une expression paisible. L’enfant se retourna dans son sommeil, et la poupée échappant à l’étreinte, tomba au bord du lit où elle demeura immobile. Mais, à la grande horreur de la gouvernante, elle continua à grincer toute seule. Pis encore : un instant plus tard, elle se leva brusquement sur ses jambes tordues et commença à se déplacer. Ses yeux vitreux fixés sur la jeune femme, elle se mit en devoir de traverser la couverture du lit d’une démarche gauche, clopin-clopant, trébuchant et tombant de temps à autre, sans cesser de proférer des sons indistincts, dépourvus de sens, mais qui, pourtant, exprimaient nettement la colère. Elle se dirigeait droit vers Mme Jodzka, d’un air agressif.

A la vue de ce jouet d’enfant imitant la vie d’un monstre abominable, la jeune femme perdit conscience. Cependant cette défaillance dura quelques instants à peine, et, dès que la gouvernante eut repris ses sens, son cœur s’emplit d’une fureur soudaine qui lui fut d’un grand secours… Elle se précipita vers la poupée, brandissant dans sa main la seule arme dont elle pût disposer, un de ses souliers à talon haut, bien résolue à annihiler cette horreur abominable qu’il fallait briser en morceaux, réduire en poussière…

Mais la main levée de la jeune femme ne retomba pas pour se livrer à la destruction désirée. Une douleur très forte, semblable à une morsure de serpent la piqua durement le long de ses doigts, de son poignet et de son bras ; le soulier alla rouler dans un coin de la chambre ; à la lueur de la veilleuse, elle crut voir toute la pièce vaciller. Elle resta sur place, paralysée de terreur…

Là-dessus, l’abominable petite poupée, agitant un de ses bras cassés, émit une réponse faite de syllabes que la gouvernante ne put comprendre et qui formaient des mots d’une langue étrangère. Au même instant, elle s’effondra sur la couverture du lit comme un ballon crevé, tandis que Monica s’agitait de nouveau et étendait les mains comme si elle cherchait quelque chose à tâtons. La vue de cette enfant innocente, essayant d’atteindre le jouet maléfique pour lequel elle avait tant d’amitié, porta à son comble l’horreur de la gouvernante qui, à nouveau, perdit l’usage de ses sens.

Madame Jodzka a raison de craindre cette poupée : elle est l’instrument magique d’une vengeance qui entraîna la mort du colonel.

ALGERNON BLACKWOOD in R. CAILLOIS : Anthologie du Fantastique, traduc. J.Papy. Club Français du livre.

SECTION A : QUESTIONS DE COMPREHENSION (29 points)

Que fait Monica dans son sommeil? (5points)

A l’aide de quels matériaux est fabriquée la poupée?                                (3points)
Qu’est-ce qui éveille l’attention de la gouvernante?                                   (1point)

D’où proviennent les sons que perçoit la gouvernante?                            (1point)

Quels sont, chez la gouvernante, les signes de l’attention?                       (3points)

  Qu’est-ce qui résulte de cette attention?   (3points)
De quels sens la gouvernante se sert-elle? (3points
Dans quel état d’esprit se trouve Jodzka et comment cet état semanifeste-t-il?
  D’où vient à votre avis la douleur qui pique la gouvernante au poignet et au bras?

SECTION B : QUESTIONS DE LANGUE (34 points)
10)   Remplacez les mots ou expressions soulignés par d’autres de même sens :                                                                                                                      (3points)

(a) Pourtant il y avait, à n’en pas douter, d’autres sons qui n’étaient pas

émis par les lèvres de l’enfant.

(b) Elle chercha vainement une explication naturelle.

(c) Elle se mit en devoir de traverser la couverture du lit.

(d) La jeune femme perdit conscience.

(e) La gouvernante reprit ses sens.

11)   Mettez la partie soulignée de la phrase ci-après à la voix active :

Pourtant il y avait, à n’en pas douter, d’autres sons qui n’étaient pas
émis par les lèvres de l’enfant.
12)   Complétez le dialogue suivant par des articles défini, indéfini, partitif, contracté, des déterminants démonstratif ou possessif.            (6points)

-          Catherine, nous venons de déménager ; … nouvel appartement est assez vaste et nous allons organiser … petite fête très prochainement.

-          Quand pensez-vous organiser … fête?
-          A … fin … mois d’octobre, peut-être … 25, ce sera … samedi.

-          C’est très bien pour moi ! Tu sais, j’ai … nouveau copain ; tu l’inviteras aussi?

-          Je vais à … librairie … après-midi pour choisir … cartons d’invitation et t’en envoyer deux … soir-même, à toi et à … ami. J’imagine que c’est … charmant garçon et qu’il a beaucoup … qualités. Je te laisse car j’ai … rendez-vous avec … dentiste à cinq heures.

-          Serait-il indiscret de te demander ce que tu comptes nous offrir?

-          Il y aura entre autres … poulet, … frites, … brochettes, … salade et ... boissons diverses.

13)   Complétez les phrases suivantes par la bonne préposition.             (5points)

(a) Le Festival International du Film a lieu … Cannes chaque année.

(b) La cérémonie des Oscar a lieu … Etats-Unis.

(c) La finale de la dernière coupe du monde a eu lieu … Rio de Janeiro.

(d) La tour penchée de Pise se trouve … Italie.

(e) La remise des prix Nobel a lieu … Suède.

(f)   Le festival du rire s’organise … Canada.

(g) Le parc national des Virunga reçoit régulièrement des touristes … provenance … Etats-Unis.

(h) Il y a plus de cent vingt kilomètres … Butare et Kigali.

(i)    Vous n’avez pas droit de vous introduire … moi comme ça !
14)   Transformez les phrases suivantes de façon à avoir des principales et des subordonnées relative, de temps, de but, de condition, de cause, d’opposition.                                                                                        (8points)
(a) Monica dormait profondément, mais dans son sommeil, elle étreignait et secouait sa poupée. (1point)

(b) A la vue de ce jouet d’enfant imitant la vie d’un monstre abominable, la jeune femme perdit conscience.                                                      (1point)

(c) Madame Jodzka a raison de craindre cette poupée : elle est l’instrument magique d’une vengeance qui entraîna la mort du colonel.           (1point)

(d) Là-dessus, l’abominable petite poupée, agitant un de ses bras cassés, émit une réponse faite de syllabes incompréhensibles. (1point)

(e) Dans son sommeil, Monica n’a pas étreint sa poupée ; cette dernière n’a émis aucun son.                                                                         (2points)

(f)   Madame Jodzka n’a pas brûlé la poupée et Monica s’en sert comme jouet.   (1point)

(g) Une douleur forte, semblable à une morsure de serpent la piqua très durement le long de ses doigts, de son poignet et de son bras ; elle resta sur place, paralysée de terreur.         (1point)
15)   Remplacez les termes soulignés par un substitut qui convient :   (2points)

(a) Au même instant, elle s’effondra sur la couverture du lit comme un ballon crevé.

(b) La gouvernante perdit à nouveau l’usage de ses sens.

(c) Il a ordonné à sa domestique de la brûler.
16)   Mettez la phrase suivante à la forme négative :
On a nommé mon ami directeur.
17)   Justifiez l’orthographe des termes soulignés :

Mais cette dernière, au lieu d’obéir, l’a offerte à Monica qui, très contente, ne s’en sépare jamais.
18)   Donnez la nature et la fonction des termes soulignés :

Mais cette dernière, au lieu d’obéir, l’a offerte à Monica qui, très contente, ne s’en sépare jamais

SECTION C : QUESTIONS DE LITTERATURE (22points)

19)   Quel est le système verbal utilisé par l’auteur dans ce récit?               (1point)

20)   De quels temps verbaux ce système est-il constitué?                            (3points)

21)   Quels sont les temps verbaux qui prédominent dans ce récit et quelle interprétation leur donne-t-on?                                                  (7points)

22)   Le texte «La poupée » est de quel genre littéraire? Justifiez votre réponse par des éléments du texte? (11points)
II. DEUXIEME PARTIE :
Questions d’expression écrite    (15points)

23)   Deux sujets vous sont proposés. Vous en choisissez un que vous développez en un texte continu de vingt (20) à trente-cinq (35) lignes maximum. Votre position devrait s’enrichir de vos lectures, de vos études, de votre expérience ou de votre faculté d’observation de l’entourage.

Sujet 1: Imaginez un récit qui raconte les circonstances de la mort du colonel, victime d’une vengeance passant par l’intermédiaire de la poupée qu’il a reçue comme cadeau.

Sujet 2 : « Pour triompher, le mal n’a besoin que de l’inaction des hommes de bien. » Edmund Burke

·         La compréhension du sujet, la cohérence et la pertinence des idées ainsi que leur illustration comptent pour 9 points.

·         Le style, la syntaxe, l’orthographe, la présentation générale et la longueur de la production écrite comptent pour 6 points.

·         N’écrivez ni votre nom, ni celui de votre établissement sur la feuille réponse.

KISWAHILI 028

HISTORY IV

HISTORY III

General Paper 022

Geography IV

Geography III

ADVANCED LEVEL NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017

SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY

PAPER III: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

COMBINATIONS:

- HISTORY–ECONOMICS- GEOGRAPHY (HEG)

- MATHEMATICS –ECONOMICS- GEOGRAPHY (MEG)

- MATHEMATICS –PHYSICS – GEOGRAPHY (MPG)

- BIOLOGY-CHEMISTRY- GEOGRAPHY (BCG)

- LITERATURE-ECONOMICS- GEOGRAPHY (LEG)

- HISTORY- GEOGRAPHY- LITERATURE (HGL)

DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:

1)   Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.

2)   Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.

3)   This paper has THREE sections: A, B and C.

SECTION A: This section is compulsory. (55 marks)

SECTION B: Attempt any THREE questions. (30 marks)

SECTION C: Attempt only ONE questions. (15marks)

4)   Use a blue or black pen.

SECTION A: Attempt all questions (55marks)

1.   Explain two factors which may lead to the formation of a waterfall.    (2marks)

2.   State the difference between “radiation” and “sunshine”.                    (2marks)

3.   Why are wave-cut platforms and cliff lines in Mombasa found above the sea level?  (3marks)

4.   Describe the following terms:

a) Zonal soil. (2marks)

b)   Azonal soil.(2marks)

5. Explain how an artesian basin is formed.  (4marks)

6. Show how Arête features are formed. (3marks)

7. Give four reasons to explain why chemical weathering is more               prevalent in some parts of the world than others. (4marks)

8. Briefly explain why external land- forming processes occur on the earth’s surface. (4marks)

9. Explain the two wind systems that influence climate in Kenya.(4marks)

10. Describe how the process of down warping leads to the formation of lakes.  (4marks)

11. Explain how the rock pedestals are formed.  (3marks)

12. Explain how wave erosion leads to the formation of an arch.(3marks)

13. a) What is meant by the term ‘karst scenery’? (1mark)

      b) Describe any three characteristics of the karst scenery. (3marks)

14. Explain the main characteristics of convectional rainfall.(4marks)

15. Describe conditions necessary for the occurrence of hot springs.      (3marks)

16. a) Define the term ‘mudflow’.(1mark)

      b) Explain three specific factors that influence mudflow. (3marks)

SECTION B: Attempt any three questions (30marks)

17. a) Differentiate between static rejuvenation and diastrophic  rejuvenation.(2marks)

      b) With the aid of diagrams, explain the features formed as a result of river capture. (8marks)

18. Examine the factors that influence the condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere. (10marks)

19. Describe the weathering processes in the semi-arid regions of East of Africa. (10marks)

20. a) Distinguish between concordant coastline and discordant coastline. (2marks)

      b)Discuss the significance of the coastal features.(8marks)

21. a) Differentiate between a continental glacier and a valley glacier.    (4marks)

     b) With the help of well-labelled diagrams, describe the processes involved in the formation of a corrie. (6marks)

Topographical map of Rwanda: Muhazi

MAP KEY

SECTION C: Attempt only one question (15marks)
22. Study the Map extract of MUHAZI on page 4 and answer the questions given below:
a)    Mention two main activities carried out on Lake Muhazi and give evidence to support your answer.(3marks)
b)   Name two types of crops that are grown in the area covered by the map extract.  (2marks)
c)    Describe the relationship between relief and drainage of the area covered by the map.  (4marks)
d)   Describe the relationship between drainage and settlement pattern of the area covered by the map extract. (4marks)
e)    State two problems which people living in the area are likely to face (2marks)
23. Study the photograph on the next page (page8) and answer the questions bellow.
a) (i) Name the type of photograph shown above. (1mark)
    (ii) Identify the activity being carried out in the photograph. (1mark)
b) Name four main features shown on the photograph.              (4marks)
c) (i) Describe two methods used to preserve fish in Rwanda. (2marks)
    (ii) Explain three (3) problems experienced by fishermen in  Lake Kivu.   (3marks)
d)Explain four differences between fishing in Rwanda and in Japan.

Mathematics II

ADVANCED LEVEL NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017

SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS II

COMBINATIONS:

-      MATHEMATICS-CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY (MCB)

-     MATHEMATICS -COMPUTER SCIENCE-ECONOMICS(MCE)

-      MATHEMATICS-ECONOMICS-GEOGRAPHY (MEG)

-      MATHEMATICS -PHYSICS-COMPUTER SCIENCE (MPC)

-      MATHEMATICS-PHYSICS-GEOGRAPHY (MPG)

-      PHYSICS-CHEMISTRY-MATHEMATICS (PCM)

-      PHYSICS-ECONOMICS-MATHEMATICS (PEM)

DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:

1)   Write your names and index number on the answer booklet as written on your registration form, and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional answer sheets of paper if provided.

2) Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.

3) This paper consists of two sections: A and B.
Section A: Attempt all questions. (55marks)

Section B: Attempt only three questions. (45marks)

4)   Geometrical instruments and silent non-programmable calculators may be used.

5)   Use only a blue or black pen.
SECTION A : Attempt all questions. (55marks)
1)  Find the row where the number 841 would appear if the pattern above continued. (3marks)
2)  Find the values of the constants a,b and C for which is a particular integral of the differential equation    (4marks)
3)   A curve has a polar equation
Find its Cartesian equation in the form (4marks)
4)   Using a determinant, find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (-3, 1), (2, -4) and (5, 1). Are the given points collinear?(3marks)

5) Inwe have and we consider
Using the properties of the vector space, calculate (3marks)

6)   In a certain college, 55% of the students are female, 65% of the students are full-time and 35% of the students are male full-time.

Find the probability that:

(a) a student chosen at random from all the students in the College is part-time.   (1mark)

(b) a student chosen at random from all the students in the College is female and part-time. (3marks)

(c) a student chosen at random from all the female students in the College is part-time.           (2marks)

7)   Solve inset the equation: .(3marks)
8)   If , find (4marks)

9)   From 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 copy and complete the table below such that no number (digit) is repeated and that the sum of the two digits in a column gives the third digit.   (3marks)


10)   Let f be the sine function, let g be the function 2x and let h be the cosine function. Prove that the function f(g) is the same as the function g(fh).                                 (4marks)
11)   Find the anglebetween the planes with equations

      (2marks)

Hence write the symmetric equations of their line of intersection (2marks)
12)   Find the equation of a parabola whose vertex is at the originand directrix .  (3marks)
13)   a) Determine whether the series given by is arithmetic or geometric.  (2marks)

b) Calculate . (2marks)
14)   The foci of hyperbola coincide with the foci of the ellipse .
Find the equation of the hyperbola if its eccentricity is 3 .   (4marks)
15)   Calculate:. (3marks)
SECTION B: Attempt only three questions.       (45marks)

16)   Obtain the regression equation of ‘x on y’ and ‘y on x’ taking the origin as 2 and 200 for x and y respectively: (15marks)

X:

1

2

3

4

5

Y:

166

184

142

180

338


17)   (a) Verify for . (4marks)

(b) Calculate .   (3marks)

(c) For each complex number  find the polar form (trigonometric form).
Then find . (8marks)
18)   A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground away from the wall, at the rate of.
How fast is its height on the wall decreasing until when the foot of the ladder is 4 m away from the wall?   (15marks)
19)   The number of car accidentsin years on a highway, was found to be approximately the differential equationwhere is the time in years andis a constant. At the beginning of 2010 the number of recorded accidents was 50. If the number of accidents increased to 60 at the beginning of 2012; estimate the number of accidents that were expected at the beginning of 2015.(15marks)
20)   (a) Letbe a linear operator so that   and
  (6marks)
(b) Letbe a linear transformation so thatand
Find:
(i)  fg(x,y)         (3marks)

(ii)   (3marks)

(iii)       (3marks)

PHYSICS II

ADVANCED LEVEL NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS, 2017

SUBJECT: PHYSICS

PAPER II: THEORY

COMBINATIONS:

-      PHYSICS-CHEMISTRY-MATHEMATICS (PCM)

-      MATHEMATICS-PHYSICS-COMPUTER SCIENCE   (MPC)

-      PHYSICS-CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY (PCB)

-      MATHEMATICS-PHYSICS-GEOGRAPHY (MPG)

-      PHYSICS-ECONOMICS-MATHEMATICS (PEM)
DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Write your names and index number on the answer booklets as they appear on your registration form and DO NOT write your names and index number on additional sheets of paper if provided.

2. Do not open this paper until you are told to do so.

3. This paper consists of two sections: A and B.

Section A: Attempt all questions.   (55 marks)

Section B: Attempt only three questions.             (45 marks)
4. Non-programmable scientific calculators and mathematical sets may be used.
5. Use only a blue or black pen.
USEFUL CONSTANTS:

SECTION A: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS (55 MARKS)

1. Copy the following table and categorize each physical quantity as being either a vector or a scalar quantity.
   (3mark)
2. LASER light, gamma -rays, and X-rays are electromagnetic waves.

     a) What does LASER stand for? (1mark)

     b) Arrange the above waves in order of increasing frequency. (1mark)

    c) From the above list of electromagnetic waves, name the waves produced by radioactive decay. (1mark)

    d) Identify among the given list of waves, the radiation used in radioscopy.   (1mark)

3. a)(i) Name the phenomenon by which the incident light falling on a surface is sent back into the same medium   (1mark)

        (ii)Explain why the image formed by a plane mirror cannot be formed on a screen. (1mark)

     b) Construct a ray diagram to determine the nature of the image formed by a convex mirror when an object is placed between infinity and the mirror. (2marks)

4. From the equation of combined ideal gas law, show that the

( 3 mark)
5. The following diagram (figure 1) shows 4 traces A, B, C and D produced by an oscilloscope for different sounds. For each trace the same settings (amplitude scale on vertical axis and time-base scale on horizontal axis) of the oscilloscope were used.

                                                  Figure 1
a)    Identify the trace showing the sound with the highest pitch and explain why. (1mark)

b)   Which is the sound with the highest loudness? Explain your answer.                     (2marks)

c)    Identify the traces of sounds with the same amplitude. (1 mark)
6. The basic block diagram of a certain radio receiver is shown in (Figure 2) below.

Analyze the above diagram and answer the following questions

     a) What does the acronym RF mean?                                                      (1mark)

     b) Name the components X and Y.   (2marks)

     c) What is the role of the demodulator or the detector?                   (1mark)

7. a) State the property of a coil inducing electromotive force (e.m.f) in itself when the current through the coil changes.   (1mark)

    b) Name the process of induction of an e.m.f in the coil due to the change of current in the neighbouring coil. (1mark)

     c) (i)What does the negative sign in the expression below of induced

8. Examine figure 3 related to the graph lines A, B, and C of damped oscillations and answer the questions that follow.

a)       Identify the graph line showing the critically damped oscillation.  (1mark)

      b) What is the main cause of damped oscillations? (1mark)

      c) Name any one characteristic of damped oscillations.                           (1mark)
9. Two parallel metal plates have a potential difference between them of 12V. The distance between the plates is 1.0 mm. Find:

     a) the electric field strength between the plates                                     (2marks)

      b) The work done on a charge of +2.5 μC to move the charge from the negative plate to the positive plate.                          (2marks)
10. A solenoid consists of 1000 windings and is 0.5 cm long. A current of 2.0 A is supplied to the windings.

Use the diagram above to show the direction of the magnetic field inside the solenoid and to name its magnetic poles.   (2marks)

      b) What is the magnitude of the strong, constant magnetic field which runs through the centre of this solenoid?
11. A disc rotates through 10 radians in 4 seconds. The disc experiences uniform angular acceleration. If the disc starts from rest,

        a) Find the angular acceleration. (2marks)

        b) What is the angular velocity after four seconds?                             (2marks)

12. You are supplied with 3 identical dry cells, each of electromotive force (e.m.f )1.5 V and internal resistance 0.3 W.

        What are the overall e.m.f and internal resistance when the cells are connected in parallel? (4marks)

13. The radius of a geostationary orbit from the center of the earth (orbit completed by a communication satellite in 24 hours) is 42 200 km.

       a) Use this information with Kepler’s third law (law of periods) of planetary motion to estimate the radius of a circular orbit completed by a satellite around the Earth in 90 minutes.   (2marks)

      b) What is the height of this satellite above the earth’s surface?            (1mark)

14. In a certain process, 5000 J of heat is added to a system heat while the system does work equivalent to 7000 J work W by expanding against the surrounding atmosphere.

      a) Use thermodynamics sign conventions to answer the question below: Are the heat energy Q added to a system (absorbed by the system) and the work W done by the system positive or negative?                 (2marks)

      b) What is the change in internal energy for the system? (2marks)

15. A telescope has two lenses which are 105 cm from each other. The angular magnification of the telescope is 20.

     What are the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece lenses? (3marks)

SECTION B: ATTEMPT ONLY THREE QUESTIONS (45 MARKS)
16. a) What is meant by the term “absolute refractive index of a transparent medium”? (2marks)

     b) The figure below (figure 5) shows a ray of light X emitted by point light source embedded in a glass block of refractive index 1.5. The angle of incidence of X at the glass-air surface is 30°.


                                 Figure 5

       (i) Calculate the angle of refraction of X.                                            (2marks)

       (ii) Copy and complete the figure 5 to show what happens to the ray X after it is incident at the glass-air interface.                       (2marks)

     (iii) Calculate the critical angle at this glass-air interface.                  (2marks)

       (iv) Draw the complete path followed by a ray of light leaving the light source which reaches the glass-air interface at the critical angle. (1mark)

         (v) Draw the complete path followed by the ray of light leaving the light source which reaches the glass-air interface at an  angle greater than the critical angle. (1mark)

     c) (i) Calculate the speed of light in a glass of refractive index 1.5.        (2marks)

        (ii) Calculate the minimum time taken for a light pulse to travel from end to end along with a straight glass fiber of length 50.0 km and refractive index 1.5. Use the result obtained in 16.c)(i)          (2marks)

         (iii) Suggest a reason why the time taken might be slightly greater than that calculated in) 16.c) (ii)                                                  (1mark)
17. A car moving at a steady speed along a road has a driving force of 3 000 N.

           a) (i)What is the value of the resistive force acting on the car?          (2marks)

              (ii) What causes most of the resistive force?   (1mark)


b) The driver sees an obstacle in the road and applies the brakes until the car stops.   The graph in figure 6 shows how the velocity of the car changes with time.

Topic outline

General

BIOLOGY II

BIOLOGY III

CHEMISTRY II

CHEMISTRY III

COMPUTER SCIENCE

ECONOMICS I

ECONOMICS II

LITERATURE IN ENGLISH 019

ENTRERPRENEURSHIP

FRANCAIS 021

KISWAHILI 028

HISTORY IV

HISTORY III

General Paper 022

Geography IV

Geography III

Mathematics II

PHYSICS II