UMUTWE WA 3 : UBUZIMA
7b
Umwinjizo w’umukino
Muri uyu mukino: “Ubwenge buza ubujiji buhise”, muriyumviramo ukuntu
Nyinawumuntu, yatsimbararaga ku myumvire idahwitse yo kubyara abana
benshi, ngo akunde yororoke nk’umusenyi wo ku nyanja. Nyamara yagiye ku kigo
nderabuzima, na bwo ku bwa burembe, yumvise uko urubyiruko rugisha inama
rushaka kumenya iby’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, ndetse n’abatanze ubuhamya ku
byiza byo kuboneza urubyaro, afata ikemezo cyo guhinduka no kuba intumwa nzizaku bandi bafite imyumvire itaboneye.
Abakinnyi dusanga muri uyu mukino n’imiterere yabo.
Nyinawumuntu: Ni umugore ubyara indahekana. Nyuma y’igihe kirekire
ahora mu makimbirane n’umugabo we yaje kwisubiraho.
Mugwiza: Ni umugabo wa Nyinawumuntu. Ashyira mu gaciro, ndetse
yifuza ko we n’umugore we baboneza urubyaro.
Mugisha: Ni umugabo uri mu kigero k’imyaka 43. Na we yacengewe
n’umuco wo kuringaniza urubyaro ndetse abishishikariza
abandi.
Iribagiza: Ni umuyobozi w’Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Kinigi akaba
n’inzobere mu bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere nokuboneza urubyaro.
Fofo: Ni umukobwa uri mu kigero k’imyaka 20 ukora mu kabari.
Akunze guhura n’ikibazo cy’abagabo bamushuka ko
bamukunda, akabima amatwi.
Gwiza: Ni ingaragu afite imyaka 21. Akunda gushukwa n’urundi
rubyiruko ngo akore imibonano mpuzabitsina ariko akagira
amakenga ndetse agakomera ku bumanzi bwe.
Murenzi: Ni umusore w’ibigango n’igikuriro. Afite imyaka 23. Azwiho
gutwara abagore b’abandi.Gakwaya: Ni se wa Murenzi, agisha inama kandi ni inyangamugayo.
Igice cya mbere
Agakino ka mbere
Aka gakino karakinirwa mu ruganiriro kwa Mugwiza na Nyinawumuntu. Ni mu
gitondo bambaye imyambaro idashamaje nk’abakene, Mugwiza yicaye ku ntebe ya
kinyarwanda, Nyinawumuntu yicaye ku kirago; mbese biragaragara ko bari mu rugorutifashije.
Mugwiza: (Yicaye wenyine yiyumvira) Mbe Nyinawumu...?
Nyinawumuntu: ( Ijwi ryumvikanire kure, ndetse abanze kwisyigiza) Asyi! Arikowowe ni uguhora umpamagara gusaaa! Vuga ndakumva!Mugwiza: (Yimyoze ) Igira hino uce akabogi ku muce ariko ngire icyonkwibariza, ntuzi ko ijambo ryiza ari mugenzi w’Imana kandiubamba isi ntakurure!Nyinawumuntu: Ubu ntunzindukiye ntarikorera uturimo di! Vumvura vubawasanga ari ikinkiza uyu muruho n’agahinda nterwa n’ururugo rutindi!Mugwiza: Ariko uzitonganya uzageze ryari? Ayo maganya uhoranaukagira ngo si wowe wayikururiye n’izo ndahekana zawe?Nyinawumuntu: Ugize ngo iki...? Umpamagariye kuntuka se? Mva iwacu hariinda naje nikoreye ku mutwe? Ariko koko bararya zikishyura!Umenye ko umanika agati wicaye wajya kukamanuraugahaguruka!Nta soni!Nyinawumuntu: Ntuza ntuza iki? Ni uko usanzwe ndakuzi kandi uhishemu nda ntiyibwa n’imbwa. Uhora umbwira ngo mbyarank’urukwavu! Ariko ni abange koko! Ko utamfasha kubarerase, shyuhuhuuu! Ariko nagorwa nagorwa!Mugwiza: (Ase nugira uburakari) Hama hamwe uwanze kumva ntiyanzeno kubona. Nkubwira ngo uboneze urubyaro, ukananira!Icara urambye wumve ingaruka!Nyinawumuntu: Wahondaga utanoga di! Ngo bagire ngo! Umuturanyiwacu ko yihaye kuboneza urubyaro, byagenze bite? Nta bowumva babisamiraho se? Abapagani gusa! Ijambo ry’Imanariratubwira riti: “Mubyare mwororoke mugwire mwuzure isi,mungane nk’umusenyi n’inyenyeri.” Ni nde wababwiye ko isiyuzuye se?(Atuje cyane asa n’uwinginga) Nyamara nkubwire sarorisumba ayandi nahawe na Rudasumbwa, amahane yawenta cyo azakugezaho! Nashakaga kukubwira ngo tugekugisha inama ku kigo nderabuzima, cyane ko numviseumuhwituzi avuga ko ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kinigihari iyo gahunda yo kugira inama abaturage ku bijyanyen’ubuzima bw’imyororokere no kuboneza urubyaro.Nyinawumuntu: (Acururuke gato) Nange mbikenge undi mukiro wariumpamagariye umuseke ugitamuruka mu cyoko!Ibitesha umuntu igihe ntibibura! Batanga se utujumban’udushyimbo byibura ngo twihere abana? Izomburamukoro gusa! Ugeyo wenyine n’ubundi uwiruka muntabire y’undi ntabura amaguru. Nge sinishoboreye ngiyekwihingira! (Ahaguruke agende, Mugwiza asigare wenyineyumiwe)Mugwiza: (Atuje cyane) Tuza ariko nivugiraga mugore nkunda wezeinono ku menyo, kibero kezeho amaribori, ukaba ikemezocy’urugwiro. Nagira ngo twiganirire iby’ubu buzima bwacu,tuza rwose.
Nyinawumuntu: Ntuza ntuza iki? Ni uko usanzwe ndakuzi kandi uhishemu nda ntiyibwa n’imbwa. Uhora umbwira ngo mbyarank’urukwavu! Ariko ni abange koko! Ko utamfasha kubarerase, shyuhuhuuu! Ariko nagorwa nagorwa!Mugwiza: (Ase nugira uburakari) Hama hamwe uwanze kumva ntiyanzeno kubona. Nkubwira ngo uboneze urubyaro, ukananira!Icara urambye wumve ingaruka!Nyinawumuntu: Wahondaga utanoga di! Ngo bagire ngo! Umuturanyiwacu ko yihaye kuboneza urubyaro, byagenze bite? Nta bowumva babisamiraho se? Abapagani gusa! Ijambo ry’Imanariratubwira riti: “Mubyare mwororoke mugwire mwuzure isi,mungane nk’umusenyi n’inyenyeri.” Ni nde wababwiye ko isiyuzuye se?(Atuje cyane asa n’uwinginga) Nyamara nkubwire sarorisumba ayandi nahawe na Rudasumbwa, amahane yawenta cyo azakugezaho! Nashakaga kukubwira ngo tugekugisha inama ku kigo nderabuzima, cyane ko numviseumuhwituzi avuga ko ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kinigihari iyo gahunda yo kugira inama abaturage ku bijyanyen’ubuzima bw’imyororokere no kuboneza urubyaro.Nyinawumuntu: (Acururuke gato) Nange mbikenge undi mukiro wariumpamagariye umuseke ugitamuruka mu cyoko!Ibitesha umuntu igihe ntibibura! Batanga se utujumban’udushyimbo byibura ngo twihere abana? Izomburamukoro gusa! Ugeyo wenyine n’ubundi uwiruka muntabire y’undi ntabura amaguru. Nge sinishoboreye ngiyekwihingira! (Ahaguruke agende, Mugwiza asigare wenyineyumiwe)
Agakino ka kabiriMugwiza: (N’ijwi ryihanangiriza) Ariko Nyinawumu! Uwiruka atizwa
Aka gakino karakinirwa mu gikari cy’urugo kwa Mugwiza n’umugore we
Nyinawumuntu agaragara ko atwite. Nyinawumuntu afite isuka mu ntoki
nk’ugiye guhinga, Mugisha aze kubakangurira kwitabira amahugurwa,
bazane udutebe bicareho baganire, utwana ikenda tw’indahekana dushonje
twambaye ubucabari twicaye ku muryango w’inzu tubitegereza.
Mugwiza: Ubu koko amaherezo azaba ayahe?
Nyinawumuntu: (Akubite igitwenge aseke cyaneee) Ngo amaherezo azaba
ayahe? Ubaye wa wundi uhora yibaza iby’uko bwira n’uko
bucya se! (Aririmbe yishongora: Ese ko bucya bukiraaaamahereeezo azaba ayahe weee!)
umurindi n’umwirukankana koko. Sinzongera kukubwira
ibyo kuboneza urubyaro no kumenya iby’imyororokere,
gusa uzirengere ingaruka. (Ahite yumva umuntu ubaramutsa)
Mugisha (N’ijwi risa n’irirenga) Mwaramutse aba hano? Ni Mugisha
ubasuhuza.
Mugwiza: Mwaramutse? (Mugisha yinjire)
Nyinawumuntu: Ese ni wowe Mugi, ko uturamukiye se, uragenzwa n’iki?
Reka nzane udutebe two kwicaraho. (Azane udutebe twa
kinyarwanda bicare)
Mugisha: Ni ubuhoro ariko! Numvise mwari mu kiganiro arikoMugisha: Umva kandi. (Aseke gato ) Ntubizi kandi numvaga muvugamusakuza, nza kureba ibyo murimo!Nyinawumuntu: Sinzi ibyo yari arimo ambwira ra!Nyinawumuntu: Yewe ga yewe ga! Uzi ko uwububa abonwa n’uhagaze bahu!ku ngingo nziza?Mugisha: Oya sinumviriza abantu. Nihitiraga amagambo agira atyaBurya bwose wumvirizaga ibyo twavugaga?Mugwiza: Ni byo rata twavugaga ibyo kujya kugisha inama ku kigoangwa mu gutwi.Mugisha: Ntiwumva; nange ubu ndi kugana ku kigo nderabuzima.nderabuzima, ku bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere noku kuboneza urubyaro.Mugisha: Ubwo se yabikora bahu? Dore ubu bukene bw’akarandeNamwe abahwituzi babagezeho?Mugwiza Batugezeho ariko nararigushije, Nyinawumuntu yanzeandaba ivu mu gahanga! Aracyari wa wundi boshyeakabaye icwende koga nti...reka nicecekere nako.Mugwiza: e. Ntidushobora kubona ibitunga abanabuterwa no kuba mutaraboneje urubyaro. Rero ndabonaanatwite indi!Mugisha: Izo ni ingaruka nyine! Aho isi igeze kirazira kikaziririzwabahora bicira isazi mu jisho, kwambara ukuri byobarabimenyereye, kubavuza ni ikibazo! Icyangira umuntugitera agahinda gusa!
kubyara abo udashoboye kurera, kuko ni ukwiyica uhagazeukica n’ubuzima bw’abo ubyara.
Nyinawumuntu: (N’agasuzuguro) Mwasomye ntimwasogongeye ariko!Mugwiza: Yego nyine iyo tubyara abo dushoboye kurera, ntuba utakaUbuzima bwicwa n’iyo miti njya numva! Nge hari icyo ntakauretse ubukene?Nyinawumuntu: (Ase n’ugira amakenga) Gute se?ubwo bukene!
Mugisha: Igihe uta urera abana barenga ikenda bose, iyo uza kubaMugwiza: Si uko! Ubu se baziga koko, kandi ubu amashuri ari woufite babiri uba ugikoresha mu kubashakira ibibatunga nokubateganyiriza ejo hazaza.Nyinawumuntu: Nimuhebere urwaje rero, none se twakwihakana urubyaromurage? Kera ababyeyi bagiraga iminani baragaga abanababo. Ubu abacu tuzabaraga iki?
rwacu.
Mugisha: Guhunga ibibazo si ubutwari ni ubugwari bukabije, kukoNyinawumuntu: (N’ibyishimo byinshi) Ni byo se! Ayo ni amareshyamugeniintore ntiganya ishaka ibisubizo. Byongeye kandi Leta y’uRwanda nta we ishaka ko abaho nabi aririra mu myotsi.Ubu se mwe gahunda ya Gira Inka Munyarwanda ntiri hafikubageraho!
have sigaho!
Mugisha: Ni ukuri rwose. Gusa mugomba kwitabira gahunda za Leta
zirimo kuboneza urubyaro, kugana ibigo nderabuzima
mukagisha inama ku buzima bwanyu, n’ibindi. Isaha ziragiye
ahubwo muze tugende tudatinda.
Mugwiza: Nge nahagurutse. Haguruka nawe Nyinawumu... Singenda
ngusize!
Mugisha: Ntiwumva ko nta rundi rwitwazo Nyinawumu...! Erega
gahunda za Leta kuzitabira ni byiza birigisha kandi
bigafasha abantu no guhindura imyumvire!
Nyinawumuntu: (Abanze kwiyumvira) Tugende ariko ni uko abaye wowe
Mugi...!
Mugwiza: Nyinawumu? Tuvugishije ukuri, hari uko ntakugize
ukananira?
Nyinawumuntu: Wowe se ko utifungishije ngo baguhindure ikiremba?
Mugwiza: Byo se nari kubikora tutabyumvikanyeho? Erega byose
bikorwa mu bwumvikane, mu bufatanye n’ubwuzuzanye
bw’abashakanye
Mugisha: Ni ukuri rwose. Gusa mugomba kwitabira gahunda za Leta
zirimo kuboneza urubyaro, kugana ibigo nderabuzima
mukagisha inama ku buzima bwanyu, n’ibindi. Isaha ziragiye
ahubwo muze tugende tudatinda.
Mugwiza: Nge nahagurutse. Haguruka nawe Nyinawumu... Singenda
ngusize!
Mugisha: Ntiwumva ko nta rundi rwitwazo Nyinawumu...! Erega
gahunda za Leta kuzitabira ni byiza birigisha kandibigafasha abantu no guhindura imyumvire!
Nyinawumuntu: (Abanze kwiyumvira) Tugende ariko ni uko abaye wowe
Mugi...!
Mugwiza: Nyinawumu? Tuvugishije ukuri, hari uko ntakugize
ukananira?
Nyinawumuntu: Wowe se ko utifungishije ngo baguhindure ikiremba?
Mugwiza: Byo se nari kubikora tutabyumvikanyeho? Erega byose
bikorwa mu bwumvikane, mu bufatanye n’ubwuzuzanyebw’abashakanye.
Mugisha: Erega ntibinabuza umuntu gukora imibonano
mpuzabitsina, bibuza kororoka gusa. Uzi ko mutazi ubuzima
bwanyu bw’imyororokere! Mureke twihute ndabizi ku kigonderabuzima murahungukira byinshi. (Bahaguruke bagende)
Igice cya kabiri
Agakino ka mbere
Aka gakino karakinirwa ku kigo nderabuzima, karakinwa na Iribagiza, Fofo,
Gwiza, Gakwaya, Murenzi, Mugisha, Mugwiza na Nyinawimuntu. Iribagiza arikugira inama abaturage bicaye mu gacaca, bacoca amagambo.
Iribagiza: (Asuhuze abo bari kumwe) Muraho mwese! Nimugire
ubuzima bwiza, mukure muzi ubuzima bw’imyororokere
kandi mwororoke muringaniza urubyaro! Nagira ngo
abafite ibibazo byihariye, duhereye ku rubyiruko, babanzebabitugezeho tubone aho duhera.
Fofo: Nitwa Fofo mfite imyaka makumyabiri, nkora mu kabari.
Abagabo n’abasore bantesha umutwe bambwira ko ndi
mwiza, bakankorakora cyangwa bagashaka kunsoma iyo ndimu kazi, nkabyanga. Nakora iki ngo banshikeho?
Gwiza: Nange nitwa Gwiza mfite imyaka 21. Bagenzi bange bahora
banyumvisha ko nkwiye gushaka abakobwa cyangwa
abagore dukorana imibonano mpuzabitsina, ngo ni
bwo nzakira ibishishi mu maso n’ubugabo bwange ngo
bugakura neza da! Ni byo koko?
Gakwaya: Nge mungire inama, uyu muhungu wange Murenzi, numva
bamwita umupfubuzi ngo abagore benshi ni we bayobotse.
Iyo ngeso ntizatuma yisazira. (Abari aho bose bumirwebatangire kujujura)
Iribagiza: Ndabashimiye kuba mugishije inama ku bibazo muhura
na byo, mu rwego rwo kumenya ubuzima bwanyubw’imyororokere. Kuvugisha ukuri ni indangagaciro ikwiye
kuturanga. Reka mpere ku kibazo cya Fofo. (AhamagareFofo) Fofo we?
Fofo: Karame!
Iribagiza: Abo bagabo bagushuka bagukorakora, bikubaho
buri munsi? Ese na bagenzi bawe mukorana ni kobibagendekera?
Fofo: Yego, ariko buri wese arimenya. Abenshi barabakorakora,
bagasangira inzoga, bakabahonga amafaranga ndetse
hari n’abemera gutahana na bo. Nge rero numvantawankorakora atarankoye
Iribagiza: Ni byo koko abakobwa bahura n’ababashuka bashakaFofo: Murakoze kungira inama nziza!kubashora mu ngeso mbi z’ubusambanyi, kubashoramu biyobyabwenge, kubacuruza mu mahanga n’ibindibyinshi biteye agahinda. Buri wese agomba kwimenya,akifata, akirinda izo nkozi z’ibibi ziba zishaka kubata mukangaratete, ukaba watwara inda idateganyijwe cyangway’imburagihe. Ushobora no kwandura indwara zandurira mumibonano mpuzabitsina. Komera ku mugambi wawe wokwimenya, ukomera ku busugi bwawe. Si byo?
Iribagiza: Wowe rero Gwiza. Umubiri w’umuntu ugira imisemburoMurenzi: (Adidimanga) Urumva nyine, nyine, urumva... Ni ni ni byoigenda itera impinduka bitewe n’ikigero ugezemo iyo ukura.Ibishishi ufite ni ukubera ikigero cy’ubukure ugezemo.Ntaho bihuriye no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina. Nahoiby’ubugabo bwawe, ingingo z’umubiri w’umuntu zikurauko Imana yazigennye n’uko yaziremye, keretse bahayehoimpamvu y’ubumuga runaka. Kandi na bwo umuntuugize ikibazo ajya kwa muganga, abaganga bakamufasha.Hanyuma wowe Mure! Ibyo so yakuvuzeho ni byo?
rwose simbihakana. (Abantu bajujure)
Iribagiza: (Acecekeshe abari mu nama) Ubwo se uzi ibibazo urimokwikururira?
Murenzi: Ibihe bibazo se kandi? Ni umwuga wange. Abashaka
iyo ndyo barayibuze ndayibagaburira. None se wabona
imboga ukazirengeshwa? (bamwe bagwe mu kantu, Gwizaakwenkwenuke, ubona ko bidasanzwe kumva ibyo bintu)
Iribagiza: Mbabajwe n’uko ubivugana ishema aho kwigaya. Iyo
si indangagaciro y’umuco wacu. Ubwo uzi indwara
uzanduriramo nka Sida, imitezi, uburagaza, mburugu
n’izindi? Bavandimwe muri aha, dufatanye kubyamaganirakure.
Murenzi: (Avugane agahinda) Rwose mumbabarire byose
nabiterwaga n’ubujiji, kandi mbarahiriye ko ntazabisubiraukundi.
Iribagiza: Mumfashe gushimira Murenzi wiyemeje guhinduraMugisha: (Age imbere) Murakoze kumpa ijambo, baca umuganiimyitwarire akaba atazongera kwijandika mu bikorwaby’urukozasoni. Noneho tubaze na bariya babyeyibagire icyo batubwira ku byiza byo kumenya ubuzimabw’imyororokere no kuboneza urubyaro. ( Bose bamukomereamashyi) Reka twumve Mugisha ibyo atubwira.
Iribagiza: Ndumva nta kindi nakongeraho. Kumenya ubuzimango: “Utaranigwa agaramye agira ngo ijuru riri hafi!”Ngishakana n’umugore wange Beza, twabanje kuburaurubyaro, tujya mu bapfumu biba iby’ubusa. Twagiyekwa muganga, batugira inama, ikibazo cyacu kirakemuka,tubona umwana. Ubwo umugore wange ati: “Nkababyarankimara agahinda!”(akubite agatwenge) Nange nti:“Nyabuna aho ibihe bigeze tugomba kuboneza urubyaro.”Kuva ubwo ntitwongeye gucana uwaka, amahoro mu rugoagenda nka Nyomberi. (yitse umutima gato) Nuko kerakabaye, tuza guhura n’umubyeyi ukiri muto cyane rwose,afite utwana tune tw’indahekana, twambaye ubucabari,umwanda ari wose, inzara sinababwira, mbese ubona kobazahajwe n’ubukene. Umugore wange ahita aturika ararira.Mubajije icyo abaye ati: “Mbabajwe na turiya tuziranenge!”Naramubwiye nti: “Natwe nitutaboneza urubyaro ngurwourudutegereje.” Ati: “Uramenye uramenye niba ari ibintitugomba kuzarenza abana babiri, ubundi tugafata akanakamwe muri utu tukakarera, tukagabanyiriza umuruho iyindushyi.” Ibyo twabishyize mu bikorwa, none ubu tumazegutera imbere, abana bacu twarabakujije, turabateganyiriza,biga heza, dutuye neza, tumeze neza rwose. Muntu uri ahahitamo imara ipfa kuzabaho neza nkatwe cyangwa kubamagorwa. Ni ibyo nababwira. Murakoze! (Bamukomereamashyi menshi)
Nyinawumuntu: Mbashimiye inama nziza mutugejejeho. Rwose kugezabw’imyororokere no kuboneza urubyaro ntako bisa. Niurufunguzo rw’imibereho myiza, iterambere, ibyishimon’umugisha mu muryango. (Abaze niba hari ushaka kugiraicyo yongeraho)
Iribagiza: Mumfashe dushimire uyu mubyeyi. (Bose bamukomereubu, nari naranangiye umutima, naranze kumva ibyiza byokuboneza urubyaro, none ndabimenye. Nabitonganiyen’umugabo wange igihe kirekire, yagira ngo aravuze nti:“Kavuge idahiye!” Nari naramuhinduye umupagani utaziijambo ry’Imana kugeza mbyaye abana ikenda bosekandi ejobundi nzabyara undi. Rwose musabye imbabaziimbere yanyu ambabarire. Nubwo nisamye nasandaye!Ubu niyemeje kubabera intumwa ku bandi bose bafiteimyumvire idakwiye nk’iyo nari mfite.
Nyinawumuntu: Bahaguruke bahoberane n’ubwuzu bwinshi (Abari ahoamashyi menshi) Mwumvise ko tugomba kwitabirainyigisho ku buzima bw’imyororokere tukamenyaimihindukire y’imibiri yacu, tukaboneza urubyaro kanditukamenya indangagaciro na kirazira by’umuco wacu.Twese tumenye ubuzima bwacu. Mugire amahoro.
na Mugwiza : bakome mu mashyi.)
I. Inyunguramagambo
1. Sobanura amagambo akurikira ukurikije uko yakoreshejwe mu mwandiko.a) Guca akabogi2. Uzuza interuro zikurikira wifashishije amagambo akurikira yakoreshejwe mu
b) Umuce
c) Indahekana
d) Babisamiraho
e) Umuseke ugitamuruka mu cyoko
f) Intabire
g) Umurindi
h) Baragaga
i) Nimuhebere urwaje
j) Kuririra mu myotsi
k) Amareshyamugenil) Mu kangaratete
mwandiko: urubyaro, indahekana, amareshyamugeni, ihame, imyororokere.
a) Ni ngombwa ko abana bakibyiruka bamenya ubuzima bw’….………yabo.3. Sobanura iyi migani y’imigenurano yakoreshejwe mu mwandiko.
b) Amagambo ashukishwa abakobwa ni …………….
c) Kuboneza ……………bituma abana bakura neza.
d) Abana ba Kabanyana ni …..……… kuko barutana umwaka umwumwe.e) Umuryango wubahiriza ……………. ry’ubwuzuzanye utera imbere.
a) Ubwenge buza ubujiji buhise.4. Vangura interuro zijyanye no kuboneza urubyaro mu nteruro zikurikira.
b) Ijambo ryiza ni mugenzi w’Imana.c) Umanika agati wicaye wajya kukamanura ugahaguruka.
a) Ni byiza kubyara abo ushoboye kurera.II. Ibibazo byo kumva umwandiko
b) Abantu barabyara Imana ikabarerera.
c) Kubaho nabi mu muryango biterwa no kuboneza urubyaro.
d) Umuryango waboneje urubyaro ubaho neza.
e) Gukurikiza inama z’abaganga n’abajyanama b’ubuzima.
f) Kugira ubuzima bwiza bituruka ku kubyara indahekana.
g) Mubyare mugwire isi mungane nk’inyenyeri zo mu kirere.
h) Kutabasha gushyira abana mu ishuri bituruka rimwe na rimwe ku kutaboneza
urubyaro.
i) Guteganyiriza umuryango bijyana no kuboneza urubyaro.
j) Ubukene bw’akarande bushobora guterwa no kubyara abo udashoboyekurera.
1. Kumenya ubuzima bw’imyororokere bisobanuye iki?III. Ibibazo byo gusesengura umwandiko
2. Kuki Mugisha na Beza babayeho neza?
3. Amakimbirane ari mu rugo rwa Mugwiza na Nyinawumuntu aterwa n’iki?
4. Ese n’abagabo baboneza urubyaro? Sobanura.
5. Urubyiruko rushobora gukura he amakuru arwigisha ubuzima
bw’imyororokere?
6. Usanga urubyiruko rumenye neza ubuzima bw’imyororokere byarumarira iki?
7. Sobanura iyi migenurano yakoreshejwe mu mwandiko:
8. Utaranigwa agaramye agira ngo ijuru riri hafi.
9. Ntawukorakora uwo atakoye.10. Sobanura akamaro ko kuboneza urubyaro kavugwa mu mwandiko
1. Garagaza ingingo z’ingenzi n’iz’ingereka dusanga mu mwandiko.IV. Kungurana ibitekerezo
2. Ku bwawe urumva ari iyihe nsanganyamatsiko ivugwaho mu mwandiko?Kubera iki?
Gereranya imyitwarire y’abanyarubuga wumvise mu mwandiko n’ubuzimabusanzwe bwa buri munsi.
IKINAMICO
1. Inshoza y’ikinamico
Ikinamico ni igihangano kifashisha uburyo bwo gukina imico y’abantu itandukanye.
Mu ikinamico herekanwa umuco, ibikorwa, imyifatire, imigenzo…by’abantu. Uwo
mukino ushobora kubera mu ruhame imbere y’abantu cyangwa ukanyuzwa mu
bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga by’inyakiramajwi nka radiyo n’iby’iyumvabona nka
tereviziyo, mudasobwa n’ibindi. Ikinamico iba igamije kwigisha, gukosora ingeson’imyifatire mibi, gushishikariza abantu kugenza neza n’ibindi.
Ikinamico ishobora kugaragaza ibikorwa by’umuntu umwe cyangwa benshi.
Ishobora kandi gukinwa n’umuntu umwe ugenda yihinduranya, gusa akenshi ibaikinwa n’abantu benshi.
2. Uturango tw’ikinamicoIkinamico ihimbye neza igomba kuba igaragaramo uturango dukurikira:
– Umutwe w’ikinamico: umutwe w’ikinamico ugomba kuba uteye
amatsiko abumva cyangwa abareba ikinamico. Ayo matsiko akaza gushira
uko abanyarubuga bagenda bigaragaza.
– Umwinjizo: ni amagambo atangira umukino aba asa n’akebura abagiye
gukurikira ikinamico ndetse abakururira gukurikira neza umukino.
– Abanyarubuga: ni abakinnyi bakina umukino bagaragaza imyifatire
itandukanye, bagenda bumvikana ndetse bakagaragara mu mukino.
– Ibice by’umukino: ni mukino wose uba ugabanyijemo ibice
bitandukanye, bitewe n’uko umuhanzi yabigennye.
– Agakino: igice cy’umukino gishobora kugira imiseruko itandukanye
bitewe n’igitekerezo gikubiye mu gice cy’umukino.
– Urukiniro: ni aho agakino cyangwa igice cy’umukino kiba kiri
bukinirwe. Urukiniro baruha umuteguro bakarutaka cyangwa bakaruhaimirimbishirize bitewe n’ibyifuzo by’umuhanzi cyangwa umutoza3. Amoko y’ikinamico
– Umuseruko: umuseruko urangwa no kwinjira cyangwa gusohoka
k’umunyarubuga ku rukiniro.
– Inyobozi: ni ibisobanuro bigaragara mu ikinamico biyobora
abanyarubuga uko bari bwitware mu mukino. Bikunze gushyirwa mu
dukubo.
– Imvugo nkana: ni amagambo umunyarubuga ashobora kuvuga mu gihe
ari kugirana ikiganiro na mugenzi we, ariko mugenzi we akigiza nkana ko
atayumvise.
– Imvugano: ni ikiganiro kiba hagati y’abanyarubuga igihe bahererekanya
amagambo.
– Inyishyu: ni amagambo umunyarubuga runaka asubiza mugenzi we mu
ikinamico.
– Umwivugisho: ni amagambo avugwa n’umunyarubuga igihe ari wenyine
yivugisha.
– Ururondogoro: ni imvugo itinze y’umunyarubuga runaka.
– Iherezo: ikinamico igira iherezo. Iherezo ry’ikinamico rishobora kumara
amatsiko abayikurikiye, cyangwa rigasiga abayikurikiye mu gihirahirobibaza uko byagenze cyangwa uko bizagenda.
Dukurikije umuyoboro ikinamico inyuzwamo, ikinamico ibamo amoko abiri:
ikinamico ikinirwa imbere y’indorerezi n’ikinamico inyuzwa kuri radiyo cyangwatereviziyo.
Dukurikije ibikorwa njyamutima ikina, dusangamo amoko atatu: ikinamiconterabitwenge, ikinamico nteragahinda n’ikinamico mberabyombi.
Dukurikije imiterere, ikinamico tuyisangamo amoko abiri: ikinamico isanzwen’ikinamico y’uruhererekane.
Dukurikije insanganyamatsiko, ikinamico tuzisangamo amoko menshi: Ikinamico4. Imyubakire cyangwa ibice by’ikinamico
gakondo, ikinamico nyobokamana, ikinamico y’amateka, ikinamico ya politiki,ikinamico y’urukundo, ikinamico y’imibereho…
Ikinamico nk’inkuru ikinnye igira imyubakire cyangwa ibice bikurikira.
a) Intango: muri iki gice hagaragaramo uko ubuzima buba busanzwe muri
rusange, abantu babanye neza nta kibazo bafitanye.
b) Kidobya: nko mu nkuru, kidobya ni akantu kaza kakaba imbarutso
kagahindura ibintu uko byari bimeze. Icyo gihe uko ibintu byari bisanzwebirahinduka, niba ari nk’ikibazo kivutse kigashakirwa igisubizo. \
c) Inkubiri y’ibikorwa: muri iki gice ni ho dusobanukirwa inkuru koko.
Abanyarubuga bakagaragaza ya myifatire cyangwa imico itandukanyebaba bakina.
d. Umwanzuro: muri iki gice ni ho tubona uko inkuru irangiye. Mu mwanzuro
ikinamico ishobora kurangira imaze amatsiko cyangwa igasiga mu rujijoabayiteze amatwi cyangwa abayireba.
e) Amaherezo: muri iki gice hagaragaramo uko byagenze nyuma y’ikemuka5. Uko ikinamico yandikwa
ry’ikibazo runaka cyangwa se nyuma y’uko ikibazo gikomeza kuba insobe.
Aha ni na ho hagaragara abagiriye inyungu muri kwa gukemuka cyangwakudakemuka kw’ikibazo.
– Umuhanzi w’ikinamico agomba kubanza guhitamo insanganyamatsiko
agiye kwandikaho kuko imico y’abantu aba agiye gushyira mu mukino
igomba kuba ifite intego runaka yo kwigisha, gucyaha, kunenga, kugira
inama n’ibindi.
– Iyo amaze guhitamo insanganyamatsiko, ahitamo abanyarubuga
akabatwerera imyifatire n’imiterere igaragaza neza ibyo agiye gukina.
– Mu kwandika ikinamico umuhanzi agomba kuzirikana uko atangira
umukino we n’uko aza kuwusoza, atanze igisubizo k’ikibazo cyari ingutu
cyangwa asigiye abawukurikiye umukoro wo gukomeza kwibaza uko
bizagenda.
– Ikinamico igomba kwandikwa mu buryo bw’ikiganiro, aho abanyarubuga
usanga bahererekanya amagambo, ndetse hakagenda hagaragazwa izina
ry’ugiye kuvuga. Gusa aho biri ngombwa usanga umukinnyi ashobora
gukina yivugisha we ubwe.
– Umuhanzi w’ikinamico kandi bitewe n’ibyifuzo by’uko ashaka ko umukino
we ukinwa agenda agaragaza inyobozi, zandikwa mu dukubo, zigaragaza
uko abanyarubuga bagomba kwitwara, aho umukino runaka ubera
n’imirimbo ihatatse. Inyobozi kandi zituma umutoza w’abakinnyi abafashakwitwara uko umuhanzi w’ikinamico yabyifuje.
Dore ibigomba kwitabwaho mu kwandika ikinamico:
– Umuhanzi agomba kwita cyane ku nsanganyamatsiko agiye kwandikaho
bityo akayishakira umutwe bifitanye isano. Umutwe w’ikinamico ugomba
kuba uteye amatsiko abagiye kuyikurikira cyangwa abasomyi.
– Umuhanzi agomba kwita cyane ku bo ageneye umukino we, mu rwego
rwo kugena imvugo ( iy’ubusabane, isanzwe, ihanitse, iya gisizi...) aza
gukoresha. Agomba kumenya kandi ikigero barimo, imico yabo n’uko
babayeho kugira ngo agene uburyo aza gukoresha ababwira, bityoumukino ugire icyo ubamarira, bitewe n’icyo agamije kugeraho.
– Abanyarubuga bagomba kwisanisha neza n’ibyo bakina haba mu mvugo
ndetse no mu ngiro.
– Umuhanzi agomba kuzirikana igihe ikinamico igomba kumara, bitewe
n’aho igomba kunyuzwa n’icyo igamije. Hari amakinamico ashobora
kugira uduce dutoduto tugenda dutangazwa mu gihe runaka, ikaba
yamara igihe kirekire, nk’urunana, museke weya...Umuhanzi anazirikanako igihe ikinamico ikinwa itagomba kurambirana cyane.
6. Guhitamo abakinnyi b’ikinamicoUmuhanzi w’ikinamico agomba kugena uko abakinnyi bitwara, cyane ko baba
bagomba kugaragaza imico y’abantu basanzwe mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Rimwe
na rimwe usanga abakinnyi bahabwa amazina ahita aranga imyitwarire yabo, nk’abo
bita ba Rubundakumazi, Nzavugankize, Rusisibiranya, Kajarajara, Kirikumaso n’andi.
Gusa abacengeye neza iyi nganzo y’ikinamico bemeza ko atari byiza kwita bene aya
mazina kuko biba bisa no kumara amatsiko abakurikiye ikinamico. Bavuga ko byaba
byiza abakinnyi bagiye bahabwa amazina asanzwe atagaragaza imyitwarire yabo,
noneho uko bakina, ababakurikiye akaba ari bo batahura imyitwarire y’abakinnyi. Ni
yo mpamvu mu guhitamo abakinnyi hagomba kurebwa umuntu uri bwigane nezaumunyarubuga runaka.
7. Abanyarubuga mu ikinamico
Mu ikinamico abanyarubuga barimo ibice bibiri by’ingenzi. Habamo umunyarubuga
mukuru. Umunyarubuga mukuru ashobora kuba ari umwe cyangwa ari benshi.
Habamo kandi abanyarubuga bungirije bashobora kuba bunganira umunyarubuga
mukuru kugira ngo agere ku ntego yiyemeje ( abunganizi) cyangwa se bakaba
bamubangamira ngo atagera ku ntego yiyemeje ( imbogamizi). Ni ukuvuga ko
mu ikinamico dusangamo umunyarubuga mukuru n’abanyarubuga bungirije.
Ariko hashobora no kubamo abanyarubuga batari ngombwa. Abo banyarubuga
mu by’ukuri nta gikorwa gifatika bakora, ndetse bashobora no kuva mu ikinamico
cyangwa mu nkuru ntibigire icyo bitwara (nk’igihe umukino ubera mu isoko,abaremye isoko bose si ko bagira uruhare mu mukino).
8. Uko ikinamico ikinwa
Ikinamico iba igabanyijemo ibice. Iyo ari ikinamico yo ku rubuga aho ikinirwa
(urukiniro) hagenda hahinduka uko buri gice kirangiye. Buri gice na cyo kiba
kigabanyijemo uduce (imiseruko) tugenda duhindagurika, buri gihe uko hinjiye
umukinnyi mushya cyangwa se hagize usohoka ku kabuga nkuru. Abakinnyi
b’ikinamico ku rukiniro baba bagomba gusa neza nk’uko abanyarubuga bagaragajwe
mu myifatire yabo. Mu gukina ikinamico kandi inyobozi ni ngombwa cyane zigombakubahirizwa kugira ngo umukino ugende neza nk’uko umuhanzi wayo yabyifuje.
Umwitozo
Muhange agakino ku nsanganyamatsiko mwihitiyemo. Mukurikize uturangotw’ikinamico, mugafate mu mutwe maze muzagakinire bagenzi banyu.
Umukoro
Mufate mu mutwe ikinamico mufite mu gitabo muzayikinire imbere ya bagenzi
banyu, mwigana imyitwarire y’abanyarubuga, muhuza imvugo n’ingiro kandimusesekaza.
UBUTINDE N’AMASAKU MU NTERURO
Musome interuro zikurikira mwubahiriza ubutinde n’amasaku, mukoreubushakashatsi, mutahure amasaku mbonezanteruro.1. Akarimâ k’îgikoôni.2. Umugorê n’ûmugabo barafâtanya.3. Abâana b’âbakoôbwa bafatanya na bâsaaza bâabo.4. Mugeenzi na Mugabo barakûundana.5. Muu nzêego z’ûbuyobozi bakora nêezâ nk’întoôre.
Amasaku mbonezanteruro
Mu nteruro amagambo agenda ahindura imiterere y’ubutinde n’amasaku kamere
bitewe n’uko yakoreshejwe. Hari amasaku mbonezanteruro ashingiye ku moko
y’amagambo nk’ibyungo na na nka ndetse n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi–a. N’andi masaku mbonezanteruro adashingiye ku byungo cyangwa ku binyazinangenera
a) Amasaku mbonezanteruro ashingiye ku moko y’amagambo nk’ibyungo nana nka ndetse n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi –a.
– Iyo ibyungo “na” na “nka” n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi -a,
bikurikiwe n’izina ridafite indomo, ariko rifite isaku nyejuru ku mugemo wagatatu, iryo zina rifata isaku nyejuru ku mugemo waryo wa mbere.
Ingero
Kiizâ na Mûganwâ
Umugî wa Kîgalî
– Iyo ibyungo “na” na “nka” n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi -a
bikurikiwe n’izina ridafite indomo, ku mugemo wa kabiri rifite isaku nyesi
nyejuru, iryo saku rirahaguma, umugemo wa mbere na wo ugafata isakunyejuru.
Ingero
Inzu ya Kâliîsa
Kamaâli agenda nka Mûhiîre.
– Iyo ibyungo “na” na “nka” n’ibinyazina ngenera bikurikiwe n’izina ridafite
indomo ariko rifite isaku nyejuru ku mugemo wa kabiri bituma iryo sakuryimuka rikaza ku mugemo wa mbere.
Ingero
Mutôni na Gâsaro
Inkoni ya Gâsore
– Buri gihe iyo ibyungo “na” na “nka” n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi - a
bikaswe bikurikiwe n’izina ritangiwe n’indomo, iyo ndomo itangira iryozina ihita ifata isaku nyejuru.
Ingero
Umugorê n’ûmugabo.
Abâana b’âbakoôbwa.
– Buri gihe iyo ibyungo “na” na “nka” n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi –a
bikaswe bikurikiwe n’izina rifite isaku nyejuru cyangwa nyejuru nyesi kumugemo wa kabiri, bituma indomo y’iryo zina igira isaku nyejuru nyesi.
Ingero
Afatwa nk’îintwâari.
Miniisîtiri w’îintêbe.
– Iyo ibyungo “na” na “nka” n’ibinyazina ngenera bifite igicumbi –a bikaswe
bikurikiwe n’ikinyazina nyereka, icyo kinyazina nyereka gifata isaku nyesinyejuru ku nyajwi ibanza.
Ingero
Abatô bageendana n’iîki gihe.Yiitwaara nk’aâba babyêeyi bê.
b) Andi masaku mbonezanteruro adashingiye ku byungo cyangwa ku binyazina
ngenera.– Ikinyazina mbanziriza gihorana isaku nyejuru ku gicumbi cyacyo.
Ingero
Uwô mvugâ yaaje.Ibyô akorâ birakwîiye
– Indangahantu ho, yo, mo/mwo bifatana n’inshinga n’akajambo ko bifataburi gihe isaku nyejuru.
Ingero
Si kô bavuzê
Yagiiyeyô
Namuboonyemô/ Namûboonyemô
– Inshinga mburabuzi ni (si) ikoreshejwe mu nteruro buri gihe ifata isakunyejuru. Nyamara iyo itangiye interuro iryo saku riratakara.
Ingero
Amasuunzu sî amasakâ.
Uwô nshâakâ nî uwo.
Ni umwâana nk’âbaândi.
Si nge ujyayô.
– Indangahantu “i“ na yo ishobora guhindura amasaku kamere
y’amagambo.Ingero
Saavê
Avuuka i Sâavê.
– Iyo mu nteruro hakoreshejwe ibyungo “no” na “nko” n’ibinyazina ngenerabifite igicumbi –o, bifata isaku nyejuru.
Ingero
Kunywâ nô kuryâ birajyaana.
Umurimâ wô guhîinga nî uwo.Iyo nyâna yô gukwâ nî iyi.
UmwitozoISUZUMA RISOZA UMUTWE WA GATATU
Shyira amasaku ku nteruro zikurikira.
a) Akabando k’iminsi gacibwa kare kakabikwa kure.
b) Urasana n’iminsi ntakura mu ruge.
c) Ukora icyo azi asomera agaramye.
d) Amata yo kunywa barayateka.e) Uwo navugaga ugenda nk’intwari atuye i Saave.
Soma uyu mwandiko nurangiza usubize ibibazo byawubajijweho.Yahisemo neza!
Uyu mukino urakinirwa mu cyumba, Tegura aryamye ku gitanda kiriho inzitiramibu
(supaneti), hari agahinja iruhande rwe n’akameza kariho imbuto zitandukanye.
Hari ababyeyi bane barimo Kabanyana, Uwamwiza bicaye ku musambi baganirizaTegura. Munyampeta yicaye ku ntebe ibaje mu giti ifite urwegamiro.
Tegura: Munyampeta yishimye ariko ye!
Munyampeta: Urabivuga urabizi? Ubu meze nk’inyana ikinagira mu ruhongore.
(aseke buhoro)
Kabanyana: (Akubite agatwenge) Tegu, ubu se wowe irari wari ufite ryo gufata ibere
uriha ikibondo nturishize koko!
Uwamwiza: Nizeye ko uyu muzahita mumukurikiza. Murabona imyaka iri hagati ye
na kariya gahungu. Ni na yo yayo kandi babiri ntibahagije.
Munyampeta: (Asa n’utangaye) Reka reka, muri iki gihe tugomba kuboneza urubyaro
da! Maze twafashe ikemezo cyo guhagarikira kuri uyu!
Kabanyana: Tugomba gushyira mu gaciro rata, kubyara abangana n’inyenyeriUwamwiza: Ahaaa! Nange nivugiraga. Kuboneza urubyaro ni ibya mbere.cyangwa umusenyi wo ku nyanja, boshye abahanganye n’umuremyiw’isi n’ijuru, ntibikigezweho. Ahubwo tubahundagajeho impundu,nimwonkwe. (Ba babyeyi bakome mu mashyi bavuza n’impundu)
Kabanyana: Ongeraho ko bijyana no kumenya ubuzima bw’imyororokere.
Tegura: Kabanya, uvuze neza rwose. Uzi ukuntu nabonye ko ndi hafi yo kwibaruka
nkajya kwa muganga, ngo igihe nikigera abaganga bamfashe.
Kabanyana: Si uko, none se ntabahitanwa n’inda zibafatiye mu ngo, kubera ubujiji?
Tugomba no kwigisha abana bacu iby’ubuzima bw’imyororokere
bagakura babusobanukiwe, nge nsigaye mbona ishyamba atari ryeru!
Munyampeta: Yemwe, muri iki gihe ntibyoroshye! Ku kigo cy’amashuri abanza cya
Gicari ngo hari umukobwa wiga mu mwaka wa gatandatu watewe
inda n’agahungu bigana. Murumva se koko abana bacu atari abo
gusabirwa?
Kabanyana: (Ase n’uwiruhutsa) Ayi weee! Ntimunyumvira ra! Ndumiwe pe! Ariko
kuvuga ni ugutaruka, Tegu, ko ndeba amabere yatariranye akaba
yuzuye igituza, aho ni ubuhoro?
Tegura: Nta kibazo, ni uko umwana ataramenya gushyira imoko mu kanwa ngo
yonke ibere neza. Subiza agatima impembero rwose nta kibazo.
Uwamwiza: (Ahaguruke) Ntiwumva! Nahumure rwose. Maze rero mbiseguyeho, nge
ndabona umunsi uriboye, reka ninyakure ndebe uko rwiriwe.
Kabanyana: Natwe ni uko ntudusiga. (Ba babyeyi bose bahaguruke) Tegu, reka
tujyane tuzagaruka ejo kureba uko waramutse.
Munyampeta: Nange ngiye kureba uko iriya mbyeyi y’ikibamba imeze nyigaburireneza yongere umukamo. (Basohoke bose)
Agakino ka kabiri
Aka gakino karakinirwa mu gikari kwa Munyampeta, Munyampeta ari kuganira naGatari, umukecuru Nyirabubare, aze abasanga.
Munyampeta: (Yiyamira) Murara yampaye imaragahinda! Niko sha Gata! Ko utahaye
iyo mbyeyi ubwatsi ntuzi ko ari yo igiye kujya ikamirwa umubyeyi?
Gatari: Mvuye kwahira kandi buratoshye, nta kabuza irongera umukamo rwose.
Munyampeta: Yego sha. Gira bwangu mu kanya unyarukire ku isoko uge kugura
isombe bambwiye ko yondora cyane.
Gatari: Reka ngire vuba noneho.
Munyampeta: (Ase n’utega amatwi akanya gato) Ese uwo ni nde uvunyisha Gata?
Nyirabubare: Muraho bana ba!
Munyampeta: Uraho mukecu? Hari hashize iminsi myinshi.
Nyirabubare: Kubera iza bukuru se ndacyasodoka ngo ngire aho ntarabukira
mwana wa?
Munyampeta: Nyamara uracyakomeye mukecu, kandi tuguhaye ikaze rwose.
Nyirabubare: Nari nshyiguwe no kuza kwirebera akuzukuru, mukanyereke kamare
ibicuro. Kandi mukomeze mwororoke mugeze kuri Nyandwi,
Nyiraminani, Nyabyenda na Ndaribumbye.
Munyampeta: Ubonye icyo utwifuriza! Twazakura he ibyo kubatunga?
Nyirabubare: Mwana wa, twe ko twabareze mugakura, twabarushaga amikoro?
Munyampeta: Ku gihe cyanyu ibintu byari bikiriho, amasambu aboneka, inka
sinakubwira. Ubu ibihe byarahindutse mukecu.
Nyirabubare: Oya ab’ubu mufite umururumba w’imitungo mwabaye ibisahiranda.
Ntimuzi ko ahatari umwaga uruhu rw’imbaragasa rwisasira batanu?”
Munyampeta: Uwo mugenurano ntujyanye n’ibihe tugezemo. Twe twahisemo neza.
Nyirabubare: Ngaho mukomeze muboneze urubyaro maweya!
Munyampeta: Mukecu! Wabyara benshi se ukabarera, ukabagaburira indyo
yuzuye, ukabavuza, ukabambika, ukabigisha, kandi byose muri iki
gihe bigurwa amafaranga?
Nyirabubare: Ab’ubu ntimujya muva ku izima! Ndumva amafaranga agiye kuzabaca
ku rubyaro?
Munyampeta: (Akubite agatwenge gato) Erega ibihe biha ibindi mukecu, ahubwo
ngwino nkwereke umubyeyi n’umwana, bari mu nzu ubaramutse.(Binjire mu nzu)
I. Ibibazo byo kumva no gusesengura umwandiko1. Umuryango wasuwe ufite abana bangahe? Ese uboneza urubyaro?II. Inyunguramagambo
2. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Munyampeta na Tegura bubahiriza ihame
ry’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye?
3. Ese Tegura asobanukiwe neza n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere?
4. Nyandwi, Nyiraminani, Nyabyenda na Ndaribumbye bavugwa mu mwandiko
ni abana ba kangahe?
5. Uhereye ku mwandiko, rondora inshingano enye umubyeyi agomba
gukorera uwo yibarutse.
6. Uhereye ku mwandiko garagaza ko imyumvire ya kera itandukanye n’iy’ubu.7. Agakino ka kabiri karimo imiseruko ingahe? Sobanura igisubizo cyawe.
Sobanura amagambo akurikira ukurikije uko yakoreshejwe mu mwandiko.
a) Irari d) Kwibaruka
b) Umuvaburayi e) Yatariranyec) Kumuhundagazaho f) Imoko
III. Ubuvanganzo1. Dukurikije ibikorwa njyamutima, ikinamico ibamo amoko angahe?IV. Ubutinde n’amasaku ku magambo no mu nteruro
2. Vuga amoko y’abanyarubuga dusanga mu ikinamico.
3. Vuga imimaro byibura ine y’ikinamico mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.
4. Kuki atari byiza guha abanyarubuga amazina ahita agaragaza imyifatire
yabo?
5. Ukurikije ikinamico n’izindi ngeri z’ubuvanganzo wize nk’imigani,
insigamigani, ibitekerezo n’izindi, ni uwuhe mwihariko ikinamico ifite ku
mikorere y’abanyarubuga n’imyandikire yayo?1. Tandukanya amagambo akurikira yandikwa kimwe ariko ntasomwe kimwe
ukoresheje ubutinde n’amasaku.2. Andika interuro zikurikira mu nyandiko igaragaza ubutinde n’amasaku.a) Kureshya (umugeni) ≠ Kureshya (kudasumbana)b) Inda (atwite) ≠ Inda (agasimba)c) Isoko (y’amazi) ≠ Isoko (bahahiraho)d) Kurara (kujya ahantu ntutahe) ≠ Kurara (gusaduka kw’isekuru)e) Gufungura (kurya) ≠ Gufungura (gukingura)
a) Ni byiza kumenya ubuzima bw’imyororokere no kuboneza urubyaro.V. Ihangamwandiko
b) Akabando k’iminsi gacibwa kare kakabikwa kure.
c) Urasana n’iminsi ntakura mu ruge.
d) Mu gitondo nabonye Iribagiza.
e) Nyinawumuntu n’umugabo we bahoranaga amakimbirane kubera kutumvaneza ihame ry’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye.
Andika agace kamwe k’ikinamico karimo abakinankuru batarenze bane (byibura ku
ipaji imwe) kuri imwe mu nsanganyamatsiko zikurikira.a) Kuringaniza urubyaro bifasha mu iterambere ry’umuryango.b) Ingaruka z’ibiyobyabwenge mu rubyiruko.