Topic outline
UMUTWE 1:KUBAKA UMUCO W’AMAHORO
Ubushobozi bw’ingenzi bugamijwe
- Gusesengura umwandiko ku kurwanya ihohotera no kugaragaza ingingo
z’ingenzi ziwugize.
- Gusesengura amagambo aturuka ku ikomora hagaragazwa uturemajambotwayo.
Igikorwa cy’umwinjizo
Ushingiye ku bumenyi bwawe bwite, sobanura ihohoterwa, uko rivuka,ibiritera, ingaruka zaryo n’ingamba zo kurikumira hubakwa umuco w’amahoro.
I.1. Umwandiko: Umwana wahohotewe
“Uriya mugore se ko mbona ari kwivugisha amagambo menshi yiyesura,
byamugendekeye bite? Cyo re! Dore aricara agahita ahaguruka akajya kurunguruka
mu idirishya akongera akicara. Uriya ni umurwayi pe! Noneho ndabona atangiye
kwishima mu mutwe, ubanza uyu munsi yacanganyikiwe! Cyangwa uburwayi bwo
mu mutwe abumaranye iminsi! Yewe, ubanza yataye umutwe, reka mwegere
nankundira tukaganira ndareba icyo namufasha.” Nkimara kugisha umutima inama,
nibaza uko ngiye kumwegera ngo muganirize. Mu gihe ntarahaguruka, atangira
kuvugira hejuru mu ijwi riranguruye asakuza cyane agira ati: “Ubu koko turerere
he? Mu ngo tubasigira abakozi bakabahohotera! Mu baturanyi na ho harimo
inyangabirama zibahohotera! Ku mashuri na ho hari abarezi bamwe na bamwe
babahohotera. Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye Leta igomba gukumira amazi atararenga
inkombe”!
Ibyo yabivugaga ubona ababaye ariko kubera ko nta muntu yavugishaga, abari aho
dukomeza kumuhanga amaso gusa dukeka ko yaba afite ikibazo cyo mu mutwe.
Yari yambaye ingutiya ndende n’agapira gusa. Nta nkweto yari yambaye ariko
bigaragara ko yari umuntu usanzwe ari umusirimu. Ibirenge bye byari byuzuyeho
uburimiro ndetse n’intoki zuzuye ibitaka boshye umuntu wahoze ahinga. Hashize
akanya gato arongera atangira gusakuza. Ati: “Abana bacu tubahungishirize he? Mu
ngo barahohoterwa, mu baturanyi ni uko, none n’abakabarinze barabahohotera! Ni
ishyano! Ni ishyano nta we naribwira weee! Sinamutanga weee! Oya!”
Uko yakomezaga gusakuza ni na ko yajyaga ahaguruka akongera agakubita ijishomu idirishya ryari hejuru y’aho yari yicaye. Hashize akanya hasohoka umuganga
wari wambaye itaburiya y’umweru tubona amuhereje imyenda yari asohokanye
asa n’umwihanganisha, arongera arinjira naho wa mugore akomeza kwicara
aho. Ngeze aho ndamwegera. Ku bibero bye yari ahafite imyenda muganga yari
amaze kumuhereza, nitegereje mbona ni agakariso kabaye ubushwangi n’akajipo
kakwira umwana w’imyaka itanu kacikaguritse kandi kahindutse amaraso. Mugeze
iruhande, ndamusuhuza anyikirizanya ishavu n’agahinda. Yari yataye umutwe ku
buryo ibyo namubazaga byose yansubizaga igisubizo kimwe gusa kidafitanye isano
n’icyo mubaza: “Ni se”. Nti: “Byagenze bite”? Ati: “Se”. Nyuma yo kumara umwanya
muvugisha akansubiza ibiterekeranye, mpitamo kumuhagurutsa aho yari yicaye
ndamusindagiza mugeza aho batangira ubufasha ku bahungabanye. Mwinjiza mu
nzu, tuhasanga umukobwa ubishinzwe amwereka aho yicara.
Mu gihe atangiye kumuganiza nge ndasohoka. Nkigera hanze mpahurira n’abagore
babiri bari bavuye gukingiza barimo baganira. Sininjiye mu kiganiro cyabo ariko
nkomeza kugikurikira. Baganiraga bavuga umugabo wahohoteye umwana we
wiga mu mashuri y’inshuke amusanze mu rugo wenyine nyina yagiye mu murima.
Nkimara kubyumva nsanisha iyo nkuru n’uko wa mugore yansubizaga, nibuka ko
yasaga nk’uvuye mu murima nkeka ko umwana bavuga ari uwe. Nsubira mu nzu
aho nari namusize nsanga yacururutse aganira na wa mukobwa.
Mpageze ashaka guceceka ariko wa mukobwa aramubwira ati: “ Komeza nta kibazo
uyu ni we wakuzanye aha”. Arakomeza aramutekerereza. “Bahise bampamagara
ndi guhinga ngo Karake, umugabo wange, yaje avuye mu kabari yasinze kanyanga
amufata ku ngufu. Nahise mva mu murima aho nufiraga amasaka nsanga umwana
aravirirana ni ko kumuzana kwa muganga. Nongeye kugarura ubwenge nisanga aha
tuganirira”.
- None se Karake asanzwe anywa kanyanga?
- Yayinywaga ariko nta kindi gihe yigeze akora ishyano nk’iryo.
- Wa mukobwa asa n’uguye mu kantu, aceceka akanya gato maze bimwanga
mu nda akomeza kumuganiriza.
- Buriya rero sinaba ngushinyaguriye nkubwiye ko ishyano ryaguye iwanyu nawe
warigizemo uruhare. Iyo ubonye uwo ari we wese akoresha ibiyobyabwenge
ntabwo uba ukwiye kumuhishira. Kwinumira ni nko kureka igitambambuga
iruhande rw’umunyotwe. Kiwugeraho kikawusandaguza boshye ivu. Nyamara
iyo uba warabigejeje ku bayobozi bari ku mugorora bakamugira inama akareka
kanyanga. Ndakubwiza ukuri nta mubyeyi muzima wakorera umwana we ibya
mfura mbi nka biriya. Ni ikibazo k’ingaruka z’ibiyobyabwenge. Ikindi kandi
ni ngombwa kujya tuganiriza abana bacu tubigisha gutahura abantu bafite
ingeso mbi, bashobora kubahohotera. Ibyo byatuma bamenya kuvumbura
ufite umugambi mubisha wo kubahohotera bakamuhungira kure.
Wa mugore yari yagaruye akenge yumva ibyo umukobwa amubwira atuje. Hashize
akanya abaza wa mukobwa.
- None se ubwo Leta izamuhanisha iki? Si ukumufunga burundu ngahinduka
umupfakazi?
- Leta nta nyungu iba ifite mu gufunga abantu burundu, icyo iba igamije ni
ukugorora umuhemu uba wakoze icyaha. Iyo amaze kwigishwa imyitwarire
ye ikagaragaza ko ibyatumye akora icyo cyaha atabisubira, baramufungura
akagaruka gufatanya n’abandi kubaka igihugu. Si byiza rero guhishira uwakoze
ishyano nk’iryo kuko uba umutesheje amahirwe yo kugororwa ngo ahinduke
muzima. Umuzima arafungurwa naho umutindi unangira ntagaragaze ko
yicuza ibyo yakoze ni we ufungwa burundu.
- Urakoze kubera ibisobanuro umpaye n’inama ungiriye, ndumva nacururutse
reka nge kureba uko umwana ameze ubu muganga yanshatse arambura.
Akimara kumushimira, turasohokana twerekeza aho bakirira abarwayi baje ari
indembe; hamwe nari namukuye yataye umutwe. Tuhageze umwe mu baganga bari
bahari amubwira ko ategereza gato, ko umwana arimo gukurikiranwa n’abaganga
kandi ko ibizamini byafashwe babijyanye muri raboratwari kureba niba nta bundiburwayi yaba yatewe n’ihohoterwa yakorewe.
I.1.1. Gusoma no gusobanura umwandiko
Ongera usome umwandiko “Umwana wahohotewe”, maze usubize ibibazo
byawubajijweho.
1. Umugore uvugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’umwandiko yari he? Kubera iki?
2. Ni ibiki bigaragaza ko umugore uvugwa mu mwandiko yasaga
nk’uwataye umutwe?
3. Ni irihe hohoterwa rivugwa muri uyu mwandiko? Ni nde wahohoteye
undi? Yabitewe n’iki?
4. Ni he havugwa mu mwandiko hashobora gukorerwa ihohoterwa?
5. Ese mbere yo kuganira n’uriya mukobwa, uwo mugore yari afite
umugambi wo gutanga umugabo we? Sobanura igisubizo cyawe.
6. Muri uyu mwandiko baratanga inama y’uko twarwanya ihohoterwa.Izo nama ni izihe?
Ongera usome umwandiko “Umwana wahohotewe” maze usubize ibibazo
bikurikira:
1. Ni iyihe nsanganyamatsiko ivugwa muri uyu mwandiko?
2. Ni izihe ngingo z’ingenzi zivugwa mu mwandiko?
3. Garagaza ubundi bwoko bw’ihohoterwa ritavuzwe mu mwandiko.4. Ni izihe ngaruka uwahohotewe ashobora guhura na zo?
Wifashishije umwandiko “Umwana wahohotewe” n’ubumenyi rusange,
ungurana ibitekerezo na bagenzi bawe ku nsanganyamatsiko ikurikira:“Ingamba zafatwa kugira ngo hakumirwe ihohoterwa.”
Itegereze amagambo atsindagiye ari muri izi interuro zikurikira, ugire icyo
uyavugaho uhereye ku miterere n’inkomoko yayo. Uhereye ku miterere
n’inkomoko yayo, kora ubushakashatsi utahure inshoza y’ikomoranshinga,
ugaragaze uko inshinga zivuka ziturutse ku mazina n’uturemajambo twazo.
1. Uko uwo mugore yakomezaga gusakuza ni ko yahagurukaga akareba
mu idirishya ryari hejuru y’aho yari yicaye.
2. Abayobozi bakunda kujanisha kugira ngo bamenye umubare
w’abahohoterwa muri rusange.
3. Iyo bwije, kumurika mu nzu bigabanya ubwoba.
4. Umuntu muzima arangwa no gutagatifuza ibikorwa bye.
I.2.1.1. Inshoza y’ikomoranshinga
Ikomoranshinga ni ihimba ry’inshinga nshya uhereye ku bicumbi by’andi magambo
asanzwe mu rurimi cyangwa imizi y’inshinga. Hari amatsinda abiri y’ikomoranshinga:
ikomoranshinga mvazina n’ikomoranshinga mvanshinga.
I.2.1.2. Inshoza y’ikomonshinga mvazina
Ikomoranshinga mvazina ni ihimba ry’inshinga uhereye ku bicumbi by’amazina
asanzwe ari mu rurimi.
a) Gukomora inshinga ku izina
Gukomora inshinga ku izina ni byo byitiriwe ikomoranshinga mvazina. Irikomoranshinga rikoresha ingereka zikurikira: -h-;-k-; -r-; -ah-ar-, -ik-,-ur-,
b) Uturemajambo tw’inshinga zo mu ikomoranshinga mvazina
Inshinga zishingiye ku ikomoranshinga mvazina zifite uturemajambo dusa
neza n’utw’inshinga isanzwe. Twabonye ko uturemajambo tw’inshinga ari:
akano, indanganshinga, impakanyi, igenantego/indangagihe,
inyibutsacyuzuzo, umuzi, ingereka n’umusozo.
Inshinga yavutse kubera ikomoranshinga ishobora kugira utwo turemajambo twose
cyangwa tumwe muri two.
Ingero
a) Inuma iraguguza cyane.
b) Tumufashe areke gutindahazwa no kubura icyo akora.
c) Uyu mwana agomba kugirwa inama zimunezeza kuko amaze gusorekara.d) Kudumbura abandi mu mazi si igikorwa cyo gutagatifuzwa.
Bagenahirwe munyumve
Bagenategeko mumvune
Munyumvire iyi mvamutima
Navogerewe imvugiro
Muramvane mu makuba.
Navangiwe mu mvugo
N’abakagombye kunyumva
Bakamvana mu mahoro
Bakanjyana mu makuba
Kandi rwose ari bakuru.
Ngenda mpura n’amahano
Ngahohoterwa bahari
Ubwo ndatinya ngaceceka
Ngahora mpangayitse
Ngira ngo mwese muri bamwe!
Nahuye na muranduranzuzi
Aranzuyaza ngo aranduzi
Aranzenguruka ndazimira
Cyaruzi ubwo aranzonga
Yizimanira akayuzi kange.
Runyogozi, muhishwambuto
Atambuka apfutse ingohe
Ngo maze angushe mu mutego
Intege zange akirigita
Bindigisiriza ubuzima.
Ruzingabato yarateye
Ngo atahe itoto ryange
Yiteruzwa udutako
Nako udufaranga
Ngo antahire agahugu!
Agahugu kange ni gato
Abazingambuto baragateye
Baragatunduza mfite intimba
Murambe hafi birangoye
Ubuzima burizinga.
Intara zose yarazikwiye
Ntarumanga arazivuyanga
Atitaye ko zidakomeye
Akazisenya nta soni
12
Agera ikambere n’ibikari,
Bya bimamyi by’ibimama
Biguha imari y’amahano
Bikakunyunya nk’uwanyazwe
Bikakunyonga ubutanyurwa
Bikunyuza inyenga y’amarira.
Ba bisukari isiga ingese
Ntibasiba baraserutse
Kuko basanganywe isoni nke
Baragusekera bakagusoroma
Bakagusenya ugasiga isi.
Abanyumvise mubimenye
Ba bihehe mubamenye
Bakunyuza mu rihumye
Maze ukagenda utabimenye
Ugafumbira umunaba.
Banyamishinga mudufashe
Murashishoze dushobore
Ibyo kujisha shugadadi
Tujwigirize shugamami
Ishaba y’abato ishishe.
UmuhanziNSENGIMANA Cyriaque
Ongera usome umwandiko “Muhishwambuto”, maze usubize ibibazo
byawubajijweho.
1. Ni irihe hohoterwa rivugwa muri uyu mwandiko?
2. Ni ba nde umuhanzi asaba ko bamwumva muri iki kibazo k’ihohoterwa?
3. Ijambo “ Abazingambuto” risobanura iki?
4. Abazingambuto bahohoteye bate uvugwa mu mwandiko?
5. Ese hari aho bavuga ko muhishwambuto yakwiriye ahantu hose?
Byerekanishe amagambo yo mu mwandiko.
6. Hari abantu bavugwa ko bakwiye kwamaganwa bashukana bitwajeimari. Abo ni ba nde?
Ongera usome umwandiko “Muhishwambuto”, maze usubize ibibazo
byawubajijweho.
1. Umwandiko «Muhishwambuto » uri mu buhe bwoko bw’umwandiko?
Sobanura igisubizo cyawe.
2. Ni izihe ngingo z’ingenzi ziri mu mwandiko?
3. Ni ba nde bashobora guhohotera umwana?4. Ni izihe ngaruka uwahohotewe ashobora guhura na zo?
Soma interuro zikurikira, witegereze inshinga zitsindagiye hanyuma ugaragaze
intego yazo. Hera ku ntego y’izo nshinga maze usobanure uko inshinga zivuka
ku zindi kandi ugaragaze uturemajambo two mu ikomoranshinga mvanshinga.
a) Abantu bakunda kurwanya ihohotera barangwa n’umutima mwiza
b) Kugendererwa n’abashyitsi ni umugisha.
c) Uwahohotewe asabwa kuvugisha ukuri kugira ngo yitabweho.
d) Kunezerwa birakwiye ku bantu bose.
I.4.1. Inshoza y’ikomoranshinga mvanshinga
Ikomoranshinga mvanshinga ni ihanga ry’inshinga nshya uhereye ku mizi y’inshinga
zisanzwe mu rurimi. Iri komoranshinga rikoresha ingereka zitandukanye. Twabonye
ko ingereka ari uturemajambo tujya hagati y’umuzi n’umusozo tukazanira inshinga
ingingo nshya. Twabonye kandi ko iyo umuzi wiyunze n’ingereka bibyara igicumbigishya kitwa intima.
I.4.2. Uturemajambo tw’inshinga zo mu ikomoranshinga
mvanshinga
Inshinga zishingiye ku ikomoranshinga mvanshinga na zo zifite uturemajambo dusa
neza n’utw’inshinga isanzwe.
Inshinga yavutse kubera ikomoranshinga mvanshinga ishobora kugira utwo
turemajambo twose cyangwa tumwe muri two nko mu ikomoranshinga mvazina.
Ingero
a) Nibatazabimujanishiriza azabyibagirwa kuko azaba ari kwambarira urugamba.b) Murakomangwa n’umutima ngo muge gufasha uwahohotewe.
I.5. Imyitozo y’ubushobozi ngiro bw’umunyeshuri
Ugendeye ku mabwiriza agenga ihangamwandiko, hanga umwandiko ufite
hagati y’imirongo mirongo itatu na mirongo ine ku nsanganyamatsiko ikurikira:
“Gukumira ihohoterwa ni ishingiro ryo kubaka umuco w’amahoro arambye”.
Mu magambo agize uwo mwandiko hagaragaremo inshinga zikomoka ku
ikomoranshinga.
Ubu nshobora:
- Gusoma neza nubahiriza utwatuzo n’isesekaza.
- Gukoresha mu nteruro amagambo nungutse.
- Gusesengura umwandiko ngaragaza ingingo z’ingenzi ziwukubiyemo.
- Gusobanura intandaro y’ihohoterwa n’uburyo bwo kurikumira
- Gusesengura amagambo ashingiye ku ikomoranshinga ngaragaza
uturemajambo n’amategeko y’igenamajwi.
Ubu ndangwa no:
- Kurwanya ihohoterwa aho nahura na ryo hose.
- Kwimakaza umuco w’amahoro.
I. 6. Isuzuma risoza umutwe wa mbere
Umwandiko: Turwanye ihohoterwa
Mu muco nyarwanda, kubaha ubuzima ni indangagaciro mpuzabantu kuko ubwo
buzima umuntu abwifuriza abandi, akabuhabwa n’abandi, na we akabuha abandi.
Kubaho mu mudendezo bishingira ku muco w’amahoro wubakwa mu muryango
uwo ari wo wose kandi bikagerwaho umuntu yiyushye akuya kuko binyura mu nzira
nyinshi harimo no kurwanya ihohoterwa. Guhohotera umuntu ni ukumwiyenzaho
atakwakuye cyangwa se ataguteyeho amahane, kumuvutsa ibyo afiteho
uburenganzira bitewe n’uko umurusha imbaraga cyangwa umufiteho ububasha.
Buri muntu wese agira agaciro ahabwa na kamere avukana maze uburenganzira
bwe ntibube umurage w’ababyeyi cyangwa undi muntu. Nta mpamvu n’imwe
ishobora gutuma hagira uhohoterwa kabone n’ubwo amategeko y’umuryango
runaka yaba abangamira ubwoko ubu n’ubu, abantu b’igitsina iki n’iki, idini,
ururimi, abo badasangiye igihugu, umutungo, ikiciro cy’abaturage bavukamo,
ibitekerezo byabo n’ibindi. Kurwanya ihohoterwa bishingira ku mahame amwe
n’amwe y’uburenganzira bwa muntu nko kwishyira ukizana, kugira umutekano
no kugira imibereho myiza. Uko byaba kose n’uko byagenda kose, agaciro ka
muntu ntikagabanywa, ntikanasubizwa inyuma kandi gashimangirwa n’amategeko
mpuzamahanga ibihugu biba byaremeye, bikanayashyiraho umukono. Nubwo
bimeze bityo, si ko hose byubahirizwa.
Burya koko nta kabura imvano, ibitera ihohoterwa ni imyumvire mibi, imyifatire
n’imyitwarire bitaboneye harimo ubusambanyi, kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, ubugizi
bwa nabi n’ibindi byinshi. Ihohoterwa kandi rigaragarira mu mvugo isesereza,
isebanya no mu bikorwa bitesha agaciro ikiremwa muntu nko gufata ku ngufu,
gukoresha imirimo ivunanye, gutoteza, n’indi migirire igayitse igira ingaruka ku
bato n’abakuru. Imvugo n’ibikorwa by’ihohoterwa bigira inkurikizi zitabarika ku
babikorewe nko kwiheba, gutakaza ikizere, kwiheza mu bikorwa bitandukanye,
kugira ipfunwe, kugira ihungabana n’izindi.
Kugira ngo hirindwe izo ngaruka, buri wese akwiye kuba umusemburo w’amahoro,
ayasakaza mu bandi mu migirire ye ya buri munsi. Bajya bavuga ngo: “Kwirinda
biruta kwivuza.” Ni ngombwa gufata ingamba zikumira ihohoterwa bigizwemo
uruhare n’inzego z’ubuyobozi ku bufatanye n’abaturage n’imiryango yigenga. Ibyo
byagerwaho habayeho gushyiraho amategeko n’ibihano bikwiye ku bahohotera
abandi, guhugura abantu b’ibyiciro binyuranye, gutegura amarushanwa yamagana
ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose, gushyiraho amatsinda n’ibigo byihariye bishinzwe
gukumira no kurwanya ihohoterwa n’ibindi.
Bityo rero, umuco w’amahoro ugomba guhera ku muntu ubwe, akawusakaza mu
bandi, ugakwira igihugu ndetse n’isi yose kuko “Ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo”. Buri
wese ahamagariwe kuba ijisho rya mugenzi we, akagaragaza hakiri kare imyitwarire
yatuma umuryango uhungabana ntugere ku iterambere rirambye.
I. Ibibazo byo kumva no gusesengura umwandiko
1. Uburenganzira bwa muntu bugaragazwa n’iki?
2. Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora kuba ku muntu wahohotewe?
3. Ni izihe ngamba zafatwa kugira ngo hakumirwe ihohoterwa?
4. Tanga ingero byibura eshanu zigaragaza ibikorwa by’ihohoterwa.
5. Wafasha ute uwahohotewe?
6. Ni ba nde bakwiye kurwanya ihohoterwa?
II. Ibibazo by’inyunguramagambo
1. Simbuza ijambo (amagambo) ryanditse ritsindagiye, impuzanyito iri mu
mwandiko.
a) Uwahohotewe ntabaho mu mahoro.
b) Mu muco nyarwanda birabujijwe kwambura umuntu uburenganzira bwe.
c) Ufashwe ku ngufu ashobora gukurizamo kugira ikangarana rikomeye.
d) Dutozwa kwirinda gukoresha imvugo ibabaza umuntu.
5. 2. Kora interuro ngufi ukoresheje amagambo akurikira:
a) Umurage
b) Kwishyira ukizana
c) Ibiyobyabwenge
d) Ipfunwe
5. 3. Uzurisha izi nteruro amagambo avuye mu mwandiko.
a) Umuntu muzima arangwa n’…..mwiza wo guha …….buri muntu.
b) U Rwanda rwashyizeho……. arengera ikiremwa muntu.
c) Kurwanya….ni inshingano yacu twese.
III. Ikibonezamvugo
1. Tanga ingero ebyiri z’inshinga zifite imizi yakomotse ku bwoko bw’amagambo
bukurikira:
a) Ntera b) Inyigana c) Izina
2. Garagaza uturemajambo tw’inshinga zitsindagiye ugaragaze n’amategeko
y’igenamajwi.
a) Twirinde gusesagura ubuzima budatangwa na muntu.
b) Ibimenyetso byose birafotorwa.
c) Gukazanura byaracitse mu muco nyarwanda.
d) We anezwa no kwitabwaho.UMUTWE 2:UMUCO NYARWANDA
Ubushobozi bw’ingenzi bugamijwe :
- Gusesengura zimwe mu ngeri z’ubuvanganzo nyarwanda hagaragazwa
uturango twazo.
- Gusobanura iminozanganzo no kuyikoresha ahanga:
Igikorwa cy’umwinjizo
Tekereza, maze ugaragaze bimwe mu bintu biranga umuco nyarwanda
byanyuraga mu buvanganzo nyarwanda. Urebye nk’igihe bakosorana mu
biganiro byabo, nk’ibyakorerwaga ibwami, mu muryango nyarwanda nk’igihe
bungutse umwana, mu misango y’ubukwe n’ahandi.
Babyirukanye ingoga mu gutamira
Abana ba Kigeri abyiruye
Bene Rwigurangoma rwa Ngoboka ya Rwangoruke
Aba bana se yabyaye bakuranye icyusa mu irya
Barasagambye nka Bisu bya Nyamihana
Baza guhanwa na nde ngo bitonde mu gutamira
Uwakabahannye ko ari mukuru wabo
Bakaba bakoma ku ngeso yawe!
Iyo ngeso barayibyariye abami
Ba Bwimandubaruba na Bwimanduga
Barabishyuhaguza ibihaza!
Rutarindwa
Ati: “Ndi igisoka singihazwa n’agasate,”
Ndi umutware w’Ibisumizi
Ibyo mwumva ge nzigira mu Gisigari
Iyo bahinga mu Rukubye, na rwo rukoroha
Nkamenya guhangira inyama!
Sharangabo
Agira imandwa ikaba indubizi
Ati: “Munyijyanire i Nyakabanda ka Kigali
Bandebere cya giti kiri aho kikitwa umuvure
Bacyuzuze amazi n’imineke ngumye kubayagura
Sinteze guhezera na mugenzi wange!”
Nshozamihigo
Yariye kandore y’ i Nduga
Ayimiragura ayivanga n’ ibivuzo
Bigeze mu nda biragugara
Ati: “Munyegereze ibitoke n’ibijumba n’umubanji
Ngumye nkomere mu nda yange
Ngana Mugaza wa nzovu.
Gashamura
Abona ubwato ntazihazine
Akazengerezwa nk’uwasinze
Rutarindwa yagira ngo ariyubanganya
Akabimyoza aho imbere ye
Ibisumizi bimukobye
Ati: “Ngira umusongozi gito
Akantekera imiranzi y’inyama
N’imitura y’ibishyimbo
Ntagomba guhisha aragapfa azamenya ingeso”.
Rukangirashyamba aje kumuhana
Ati: “Ni ukuri mwana wange
Ni uko nyine uruzi nisaziye
Umuganura waramuka waje ntiwansumbya umuhogo.
Bisangwa ni mukuru utabakoma
Iyo akubirije imvuruge y’isogi
N’imitura y’ibishyimbo ntareka bihora
We aravunjagura agacisha ruguru
Ati: “Nagabanye ibigega
Mumpakurire umutsima munini
Ungana cya kigega kerekeye mu Koko
Nge ndabasumbya mu kurya!”
Rwayitare yatamiye intore
I Bunganyana rya Nyirabitero
Aracyatamba gusaba imyuko
Rwangeyo ati: “Ndi Umunyiginya mukuru
I Kundamvura ya Bitero, nkikundisha isogi
Yamara kuyirya akaganya mu mabondo ikagugara”.
Rukangamiheto yakangase amenyo ku magufwa
Arahunja n’igitondora, ndamureba ndamugaya
Nti: “Mbe nyamuhunja ko utarobanura”?
Ati: “Sinabona akanya nasiga inyuma
Muryamo yarateye, byantera agahinda”.
Yenda ibihaha byayo arakoranya n’imyijima
Ahinduka rugara mu nzu
Ntiyabona ibitotsi byo kuryama
Ruyimbo ararenza n’umugongo
Inda iramugora arahemuka.
Nzirabatinyi yagugunnye ingoma
Imikoba iramwica mu bijigo
Muzarebe Rubanda rwa Rwingwe
Acuma amabondo
Sezikeye ati: “Ge ngira iryinyo rikaba intorezo
Narikomanga ku nkoro inkono iri ku ziko”.
Nti: “Muranyongere inyama
Akaba umwaka atarabaga
Yamara kubaga bugatuma yiyegura imiryango
Akaba ukwe!
Kamarashavu yishinze inkori z’i Kigali
I Bugagara bwa Nyiragasogwe
Bashyizemo amavuta n’umunyu
Aragumya yoreza iyo!
Karunganwa ati: “Ndi umwana w’Umwami
Mvuka mu nda y’ingoma
Simenya guterera mira bunguri”.
Cyitatire yariye ubushaza i Shegama
Maze se aramwanga ngo yamucuze impamba.
Musinga yamiraguye imitura y’ibishyimbo
Bahutira ihene ku nda barakubita n’ububaya
Yaguye impishyi bacisha mu bigega.
Muhigirwa yahigiye ingundu y’abatunzi
Agaca mu cyanzu
Nahace arahakwiye
Agatsinda yameze aye menyo
Yo kubagira ibimasa mu Nyamagana.
Rwabirinda yarindiriye abicaye ku ziko
Bahembwe ngo bararinda cyane
Ashakira inzira mu mwinjiro
Arabiyogoza mu buriri.
Ati: “Ndi mukuru nkabahendaTwatigirira ibyo kwiba nabananize cyane”.
Kayijuka bamuhaye ikibo, icyansi, n’icyabya
Byose asa na cya Nyarwaya
I Nyarubuye hari ibigoryi bibiri
Hari n’undi nabwiwe
Ngo ntibagisumbanya ingeso
Mubashyiremo na nyirabo Rwabizamurego
Cya gicuba k’i Bumbogo cyaramuka cyaje
Rugoma rubuganizwa ijana yagabanywa ite?
Ariko nayanywe arabikwiye
We uhora azizana akazongera mu ze!
Yazinyaze ibindi bihugu.(Cyahimbwe na Senkabura ya Kibaba wo mu Rusenyi.)
1. Koresha amagambo akurikira dusanga mu mwandiko mu nteruro
wihimbiye:
a) Guhakura umutsima
b) Umusongozi
c) Indubizi
d) Guhunja
2. Buri jambo ritsindagiye risimbuze iryo bivuga kimwe riboneka mu
mwandiko kandi usanishe neza interuro wahawe:
a) Kampayana ngo yaba yarahuhuwe n’ivutu yatewe n’ibikeregete
by’imitura.
b) Aba bana koko babyirukanye imbaraga mu kubasha rukacarara.
c) Kabutura yakurikije ingeso ya se
d) Rutamizabiri umiragura yokerwa ibisogi bishyushye ubutunguruzaasangira ate na ba Kazehe?
Ongera usome umwandiko “Babyirukanye ingoga mu gutamira” hanyuma
usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Hari imyifatire y’umunyenda mbi igaragara mu mwandiko? Yivuge.
2. Hari ibihemu bivugwa mu mwandiko. Bivuge.
3. Mu buse nta we batinya na busa. Bigaragaze utanga ingero mu
mwandiko.
4. Shaka muri uyu mwandiko ingingo zisekeje usobanura n’impamvu
zisekeje.
5. Shaka muri uyu mwandiko amazina y’abana (ibikomangoma)
bavuzwemo bakomoka kuri Kigeli IV Rwabugiri.
6. Hari amwe mu mazina y’abantu n’ay’ahantu avugwa mu mwandiko.Yashake muri iki kinyatuzu ujya iburyo, ibumoso, hasi cyangwa hejuru.
Ongera usome umwandiko “Babyirukanye ingoga mu gutamira” hanyuma
usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Uyu mwandiko ushobora kugira inyito y’umutwe urenze umwe, tanga
ingero zawubera umutwe.
2. Tanga inama kuri ba rutamizabiri bashobora kuboneka mu bigero
byose by’abantu.
3. Garagaza ingingo z’ingenzi ziri muri uyu mwandiko.
4. Muri uyu mwandiko, ukurikije inyurabwenge, umuhanzi agamijegusebya abatware? Sobanura.
Ongera usome umwandiko “Babyirukanye ingoga mu gutamira” ugereranye
ibivugwamo n’ibyavugwaga mu yindi myandiko wize, maze ukore
ubushakashatsi utahure inshoza y’igisigo cy’ubuse, ugaragaze uturango
twacyo n’akamaro ko kukiga.
II.2.1. Inshoza y’igisigo cy’ubuse
Abasesenguye neza ibisigo by’ubuse bagaragaje ko igisigo cy’ubuse ari umwandiko
w’ubuvanganzo uba uhimbitse nk’ibisetso ndetse birenze ibisetso bigasa
n’ibisebanyo. Ni inganzo yaba yaravukiye mu matorero y’intore, aho wasangaga
abantu biga kuvuga neza, bagacyocyorana ntihagire urakara; uwarakaraga mu
biganiro bakamwita igifura kitazi kuba mu bandi cyangwa akitwa umunyamusozi.
Abantu batazi gutarama barakazwaga n’ibyo bisigo babitaga ibifura. Ubusanzwe
ubuse ni umushyikirano w’abase n’abantu bo mu bwoko bubamarira urubanza,ukarangwa no gushotorana basa n’abatukana ariko ntibigire uwo birakaza.
II.2.2. Uturango tw’igisigo cy’ubuse
Ibisigo by’ubuse birangwa no kuba bisetsa ariko bisa n’ibisebanya cyangwa
bisesereza. Usanga kandi bakoreshamo tumwe mu turango tw’ubusizi.
Abahimbaga ibisigo by’ubuse, babaga bagambiriye gusetsa abandi bahungu. Mu
basizi bazwi baba barakenetse inganzo y’ibisigo by’ubuse harimo Musenyeri
Alegisi Kagame. Yaje guhimbazwa n’iyi nganzo y’ibisigo by’ubuse maze arayigana
ahimba umuvugo muremure yakubiye mu gatabo yise “Indyoheshabirayi”. Muri
ako gatabo Kagame atera ubuse umwami Mutara Rudahigwa n’abatware be. Ako
gatabo kasohotse bakiriho ariko ntawamurakariye kuko bose bari bamenyereye iyo
nganzo.
Kagame arondoramo ubusambo bw’abatware ku nyama y’ingurube, agaragaza ko
abanyaporitiki bo hejuru (umwami n’abatware) ari abantu nk’abandi bashobora
gucuranwa. Agaragaza kandi ko no mu bwami hatakiri ibintu by’ibanga bituma
ibihakorerwa bitamenyekana muri rubanda.
II.2.3. Akamaro ko kwiga igisigo cy’ubuse
Kwiga ibisigo by’ubuse bifite akamaro kuko bituma umuntu yongera ubushobozi mu
by’ubuhanzi. Bituma kandi akeneka iyi nganzo yo guseka ingeso z’abantu bamwe
na bamwe kugira ngo bikosore. Binatoza kandi abantu kuba intyoza mu biganiro
n’ibitaramo ndetse no kutaba ibifura ngo barakazwe n’ibiganiro birimo inganzoy’ubuse.
II.3. Umwandiko: Ukwibyara
1. Ukwibyara gutera ababyeyi ineza,
Batambira b’ineza,
Munozandagano wa Nsana ya Buhanzi,
Mukuva iwa Nyamuhanza,
5. Muhanuzi wadutsindiraga amahano,
Muhumuza, Umuhozi
Waturiha ibyo yagurwa i Kiganda
Kigeli cya Ngerekera.
Uko muturuka isoko imwe,
10. Ni ko musangiye ingeso.Muri Imisumba yo ku Rusumamigezi
Kwa Gisanura amasugi yanyu
Azira igisasa.
Mwarashatse birabakundira,
15. Mumera amaboko arabakamira
Inka mukoye mu Byaguka
Zitugwiriza imihana
Imfura nzima isubiza ku izina rya se,
Basanganizwa b’impundu.
20. Yakura impuha
Mpangarijekure
Ya Mwuhirakare we, Mukanganwa
Yari yagishiye i Bunyambo Nyarume;
Rumeza nyiri uburezi
25. Buzamagana amacwa,
Aca inka mo amaziri,
Mazina ya Gasenga
Adusendera imisaka ya Rusenge
Mwahonotse mwese.
30. Kurya mucurwa n’inyundo ziramye
Muri abarenzi
Bo mu mirinzi ya Cyarubazi
Abanyakirima muzira icyangwe mu minwe
Mwameze ibiganza bitatugwabiza
35. Mugira amaguru atugabira
Abagabe b’i Ruganda
Mwitwa ingendutsi
Mwatubereye imbyeyi n’imazi,
Muri abami b’akamazi
40. Tuzi icyo mwamaze.
Muri imanzi z’uburezi
Muri ibirezi byamye i Buriza na Buremera
Muri abaremere b’i Tanda
Muri abature b’i Tenda
45. Muri abo ku isi itengerana
Ku Rutambamitavu,
Muri intwari zitarutana,
Muri bene iteka ritahava,
Muri bene umutungo mwiza
50. Mwaraduhatse muraturemaza,
Mutwubakira amarembo y’intungane
Tubita inturarwanda
Nta byikamize urakimana
Wadukamiye amata angana imvura,
55. Ntitugira umuvuro
Tubyuka dusenga
Ugasukiranya urugwiro
Sango, ba so na ba sogokuru,
Bakwangiye isange
60. Ngo abazakwanga
Uzabakuze umusanzu n’umuganda,
Abagusigaranye imbuto n’intanga
Bakuraze izi ntarama
Zo ku Rutambamyato
65. No ku Rutambabiru
Kwa Matungiro mu Ntaho ndende
Data Cyilima nyiri Ikinguge
Kigirira cyo mu nzeru,
Mazina yarakwigeze
70. Ngo urabe mugenzi we
Ngo uzarasanire ingoma nka we,
Uzagabe nka Gisanura,
Uzadusubiranye uko wadusanze
Ny’ebisu by’emisango
75. Umugabekazi waduhekeye
Aduhaka nk’umugabo
Ntidusunikwa mu rugo rwa Mudasobwa
Yadutunze nka Nyiratunga
Nacuriye n’amahari
80. Nzi ko mutazacibwa inka:
Duhorana inshungu,
Mucana umuriro utazima
Muri inzungu za Bwima
N’iwa Bwagiro ku Buyumbu.
85. Nimugarishye mwaraganje
Mwagagaze mukuze uruharo
Umwami uhawe uruharo
Arwigiza imbere.
Mwambereye igisaga
90. Ntimugira igisasa, Mbasenge:
CYILIMA I RUGWE
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza
Mureke abanze
95. Nabanze Muhongerwa
Muhoranampongano
Buhoro buzira igihunga
Buhatsi bw’impundu n’imposha,
Samukuru wa Samukondo
100. Mukozi wa Rugwizabisiza
Nyamugisha
Wandururaga imigisha y’abandi bami
Yasanze bahinze arasarura.
KIGELI I MUKOBANYA
Mukobanya ni we mukuru
105. Na we musenge musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza
Mureke abanze
Nabanze mugabo mu nka
Nyirazo azirimo
110. Bazigama ingoma
Bazigura se ku ngoma,
Bazindukira intambara
Bitambara nyiri urutete
Uwatanyaga umunyabutatu
115. Umushi yatambitse ingabo mu nzira
Mumuhe rugari atambe imyato
Mumuhe agasongoro k’ubugabo
Agira uMusanago w’ingoma
Mu Musanadura yaraharindiye
120. Arinduza Umugoyi.
MIBAMBWE I SEKARONGORO I MUTABAZI
Gisamamfuke, umurasanyi
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza
Mureke abanze.
125. Nabanze Mabarabiri
Nkovu imbere, Mbogoye
Nyiri imbuga mu mbone
Rutsinda, nyiri urutsike
Rwatuviramo urutsiro
130. Adutsindira inzimu
Kizimiza, Nzogoma
Rugasira rwarasanaga mu nka za se.
Amahindu azihungiye
Arazihumbiririza
135. Rutukuzandoro, umwami w’intwari
Mumuhaye ubugabo
Mumuhingure ingoma
Mu murongo uje
Yarwaniye Nyamurunga.
YUHI II GAHIMA
140. Gahima, Mihayo y’ingoma
Na we musenge musagurire,
Mumuhe urubanza
Mureke abanze
Nabanze wa Mukundwa
145. Wa Mukomeza w’inkuna
Wa mwami wo mu Makungu
Mutoramakungu, Rwinkindi
Nkomyerume ya Misaya
Wadusendera inkundwakazi ya Nkozurugendo
150. Uwo ni inyamibwa mu ntwari
Zamuhaye ubutware
Zimuterekaho imfizi ya Bicaniro
Ngo azabacira imihigo.
NDAHIRO II CYAMATARE
Nshe abami urubanza
155. Mbasenge bose
Na we musenge, musagurire,
Mumuhe urubanza
Mureke abanze,
Nabanze Bugiri, umwigire,
160. Wagira ingoma z’ingombe
Ngo afite umugombozi.
Atanga ibyo atunze
Atega ibizaza ngo azigire Ndoli
165. Ndahiro aruhira
Ngo Rubyukiranyangoma nabyukire,
Nabyukuruka yinikize inka
Zitaretsa ntiziranze
Ngo yaziziburiye imoko.
RUGANZU II NDOLI
170. Kibabarira, wa mwami
Watugirira ibambe.
Avuye iw’abandi
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza
175. Mureke abanze
Nabanze Gacamukanda
Bicuba, umuci w’inzigo
Nyabuzima, umuzimurura
W’ibyari byazimiye;
180. Umuzahura w’ibyo asanze
Nyamushinga aturasanira ubutazadushira,
Yica abanzi barashira.
Cyungura umwami wo ku Cyuma
Azanye Cyubahiro
185. Yitwa Kihabugabo.
Karuhura we yarushwa ate
Ko yahoreye se ashishikaye,
Ingabo ye akayagagaza mu Bugara?Umuganda akawigiza mu rumira
190. Bagabo aho mutaragera
Uwo mugabo mwamugera nde?
MUTARA I NSORO II SEMUGESHI
Ngabo yica ingome
Na we musenge musagurire
195. Mumuhe urubanza
Nabanze Rwirabanzarwe
Wa mwami w’i Buziga, Nzogera
Wa mwami w’i Butazika, Nyonga,
Nyiri inyumba, Munyundo.
200. Nyunga ya Ruganzu
Wa mwami wahabwa Karinga
Akayambika karindwi
Mirindi shebuja wa Nyamiringa,
Ruyenzi rwasiye
205. Isugi yo mu Byanganzara
Ntimwamuzimba ubugabo
KIGELI II NYAMUHESHERA
Bugabo burimo ubugongo
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza,
210. Mureke abanze
Nabanze Umwami w’i Shunga
Nyiri ishya ry’inka n’ingoma
Nyiri ingabo itagwabiza Mucuzi
Nyiri icumu ryica Abahunde
215. Nyiri iminyago cumi
Yari acaniye
Imbere ya Bwambaramigezi
Mudasongerwa ari ku isonga y’ingabo
Muhundwa ingoma yahawe
220. Yarayihunze ayinyagira ibihumbi.
MIBAMBWE II SEKARONGORO II GISANURA
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza,
Mureke abanze
Nabanze Nyamugenza
225. Umwamiw’i Muganza,
Rugabishamaguru
Maboko atanga atagabanya
Bwobabuke, Bwanzabuke,
Burega bwa Mutima,
230. Yari atetse imbere ya Mwumba
Cyubahiro amahanga yamutinyiye ubugabo
Ubwo akangiye icyanya
Cyanwa azanye ikeyi
Inkoni zimwasa agahama.
YUHI III MAZIMAPAKA
235. Gashirabwoba wa mwami
Mukuraho ubushongore n’ubushami
Na we musenge, musagurire,
Mumuhe urubanza
Mureke abanze.
240. Nabanze Kamarampaka, Mudahakana
Muhakanaguhonga
Muhanankamwa
Mukanza, Umwami w’Abakaraza
Yakandagiye Nyiri i Nkoma
245. Yamwikoreje
Amukura ku ngoma
Ngo mbahe yari yubatse
Mu bitwa bya Muhima
Umuhinza wari uhanze
250. Yuhi aramuhangamura.
CYILIMA II RUJUGIRA
Ruhungurabirwa,
Ruhakamiryango
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza
255. Mureke abanze
Nabanze Rwezamariba
Murerampabe, Bihubi
Ruhugukira mbare rwa Kibonwa
Wa mwami wa Gisanura na Gisago
260. Rusagurirandekezi
Mutazimbwa yica Mazuba
Arimburirako inzigo
Muzigirwa, ibindi bihugu
Yabizimbye ubugabo
265. Abizingazingira rimwe.
KIGELI III NDABARASA
Ya ntwari y’igisaga, sogokuru,
Se w’ababyazi bawe bombi
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza
270. Mureke abanze
Nabanze Nyemazi
Rwemarika rwa Munyagampenzi
Watunyagira impenda
I Bugabe bwa Muruzi
275. Uruzi izi ngoma zigeze ku ijana
Abakoni barakuya
Iminyago ya Rusumbamitwe
Ntizirava inyuma
Iza Mirego ya Bugabo.
MIBAMBWE MUTABAZI SENTABYO
280. Rugababihumbi
Na we musenge, musagurire
Mumuhe urubanza,
Mureke abanze
Nabanze Ruhanga rutsinda amahanga,
285. Umudahinyuka, Umutanguha
Mutambisha batimbo
Mutandi wa Birasana
Sabuhanzi, Umuhangurabashonji
Buriza burese ubugabo
290. Yahanuye Nsoro,
Atunyagira inka i Bwongera,
Yongeramo n’izo mu Bugote
N’izo yavana mu Bwiriri
Bwimba bwa Misakura.
YUHI IV GAHINDIRO
295. Sohoringoma so wawe
Na we musenge musagurire,
Mumuhe urubanza,
Mureke abanze.
Nabanze Zingazinywe
300. Shoza yuhire,
Rwuhanyanzira
Mazina, Maza
Yica Nyiri u Buzi
Nyina amuzana ko mpiri
305. Abo bahinza yabateyemo umukenya
Ntawacaniye
Ntawasize akana,
Yuhi abacukuza umuriro
Micomyiza umuci w’inkamba
310. Umurasanira w’ingoma
Yayanganiye n’amahari
Ayinyagira amahanga
Aho yaherewe iminyago irishya.
MUTARA II RWOGERA
315. Aho ga nawe Nsoro mu bo nsenga
Sinagusiga inyuma!
Uri Biyamiza mu nzoza,
Ruziga, nyiri ibizinzo by’inka
Nyiri inkoni za Rusugi na Rusanga
320. Ushubije ku gihe cya Ruyenzi:
Ko wandikiye ubutwari
Ukiri muto
Ukaba uhotoye uruti
Ukiri umutavu
325. Nugera mu za bukuru
Wabaye ubukombe
Serukiramapfa
Amahanga atagukeje kare
Azagukirira he?
330. Kavunanka
Ugumye uvunye unyumvire
Wumve ayo nkuvuga
Nkwiture ineza!
N’ingoma yawe yandajeho umuzindu
335. Ngo karekare
Bakurire umwami ubwatsi
Umwogabyano ahaye Rwogera
Sinijanye, sinabajije
Ineza yawe intaha mu nda
340. Ababuzaga ge nari namenye
Ge wagusanganiye
Nsusurutse, Sango
Ndora usagurira rubanda rwawe
Ko amatwi yumva byiza,
345. Ko amaso abera kubona!
Ge wasanze ingoro y’Umwami
Isetse, isusurutse
Isa n’ingwa yera!
Nsanga Umwami mu ijabiro
350. Ari umutaho w’ijuru
Atamuye inzobe
Asa na Nzobe ikeye
Burakenkemura
Ngira imandwa nari nsanganywe
355. Ngira n’izo nshubije ku mutwe
Iyo myishywa ndayitambana
Sinatendwa mu mbare
Ubu Rukanira ntungire urukara
Winyita impezi
360. Sindi uwo guhera
Winkeka ubutati
Sinagaye umutungo w’umwami!
Ni uruharo rwambereye ikibuza!
Amage yo guhora mpingiriza arantinza
365. Isuka yinkura ku ngeso
Nimumburane!
Amaganya ntabangikana n’amagambo y’Imana!
Wandinze iyi manga,
Mana ibamburwa n’izindi
370. Imana yamaze amazinda
Nzigama ikoro ryawe
Nzi ko ndi umunyarukano
Nzigama n’impuhwe zawe
Zirimo urukundo n’urukumbuzi rwinshi
375. Bukombe bwa Mukanza
N’ubwo natebye
Sinatakaje imbare yawe
Sinata umwanya
Ntiwandobanuye mu nyuma
380. Mu mbare ndi uw’imbere
Ndi umupfumu wa Nyamurorwa
Mpora nkwereza nkaburengwa
Abo turata narabarushije
Abahayi b’ishyanga narabahojeje
385. Ngira impaka Umwami umpatse,
Mpakanya Rubyutsa
Ikinyoma kiramuhera
Umurundi twahize
Yuhi anshira imihigo
390. Mutimbuzi Nyiri i Ntora
Yica Mutaga,
Intiti zo kwa Mutaga ndazitetereza.
Nihanure amahanga
Nyabwire rwose ntazampaka
395. Sinakwisunga amahari
Narakeje Yuhi akankundira
Ni cyo banzirira
Ngo mpora mbaca urusaRwo kubaca urutsi.
400. Nzi ko barindiye ku busa
Urabahungure ubuhake
Izo mpezabwoko
Ntibagira amavu
Ntibagira amajyo
405. Ntibagira imbuto izaberera
Bararumbije
Bokamwe n’umuvumo n’umwikomo,
Yuhi abakomye ku ngoma
Nshe abami urubanza.
410. Nicariye inkoni
Nkomere nkomereho
Ndagiye imfizi itari ubwoba
Iziri ubwoba zirayihunga
Iziyishyamiye irazishyambya
415. Irashyira ku mutima zigatemba
Imfizi ya Kirira
Yarazuriye irazirambika
Biru b’imirama
Muhimbye imiriri
420. Muvugirize imirenge
Turamye iyi ngoma yacu
Yagomoroje imihana
Mbasenge mwese,
Mbasobanure, murasigiye
425. Ntimuvuka igisumbane
Muri Abagabe b’i Bukomasinde na Busakarirwa
Ngizo impundu mbahaye
Nzihaye abageni b’i Ngange
No mu Bugamba n’Abanyakayanza
430. No mu Nyazi za Kavumu
Zatubyariye Imfizi n’insumba
Mugasanura iyi miryango
Mpumurize Nyamarembo
Induba nzivuze435. Nzigeze i Butara kwa Nyirantare,
N’iwa Ntagawe, mu mirinzi ya Kinyoni,
Muragahorana uruyundo
Rubyara izi nyonga
Izi nyundo zejeje imana
440. Ko muhora mubyarira ingoma
Mukazayibyirurira.Bifatiye ku byavuye mu gitabo k’Ikinyarwanda, umwaka wa Gatandatu, 2008, urup. 18-24
Soma umwandiko “Ukwibyara”, ushakemo amagambo udasobanukiwe
hanyuma uyasobanure ukurikije inyito afite mu mwandiko wifashishije
inkoranyamagambo.
Ongera usome umwandiko “Ukwibyara” hanyuma usubize ibibazo
byawubajijweho.
1. Umwami uvugwa ku mukarago wa gatandatu ni nde? Kuki uwo mwami
bamwita umuhozi?
2. Iyo usomye igisigo “Ukwibyara” kuva ku mukarago wa mbere kugeza ku
wa mirongo kenda wumva havugwamo iki?
3. Mu mwandiko bagaragaza ko ari iki cyatumye Mibambwe II Sekarongoro
II Gisanura bamwita Rugabishabirenge? Byerekanwa n’uwuhe
mukarago?
4. Ni iki umusizi avuga ko yazigamiye umwami wari wimye ingoma?
5. Ni iki umusizi avuga cyatumye atinda gutambira ishimwe Umwami?
6. Muri iki gisigo hari aho bavuga akamaro k’umugore, bigaragaza ko kera
umugore yahabwaga agaciro. Andika imikarago ivugwamo abagore,
maze uvuge abo bagore bavugwaga.
Ongera usome umwandiko “Ukwibyara” hanyuma usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
Urugero rw’ibibazo n’ibisubizo byanogejwe:
1. Ukurikije ibivugwa ku bami batandukanye, vuga umwami wagushimishije
kurusha abandi n’impamvu yagushimishije.
2. “Ukwibyara gutera ababyeyi ineza”. Sobanura uyu mukarago werekeza
ku muco nyarwanda hanyuma utange n’urugero rw’umugani
w’umugenurano wemeza igisubizo utanze.
3. Mukore ubushakashatsi ku mateka abafasha gusobanura igisigo
“Ukwibyara” mugaragaze ubwoko bw’igisigo, umuhanzi wacyo n’ibindi
bisigo yaba yarahanze.
4. Ni iki umusizi ashima muri rusange abami bavugwa mu gisigo“Ukwibyara”? Bihuriye he n’ibikwiye gukorwa mu buzima busanzwe?
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku ngingo z’amateka zikurikira zo mu gisigo:
“Ukwibyara”.
Ingingo z’amateka zo mu gisigo: “Ukwibyara”.
Imwe mu mikarago y’igisigo “Ukwibyara” n’amateka ayirimo.
1. Waturiha ibyo yagurwa i Kiganda Kigeli cya Ngerekera
(umukarago 7-8): Biributsa ko Nyirangabo nyina wa Ndahiro wa II
Cyamatare wari umugabekazi, abaja be n’abandi bagore bafatiwe mu Rubi
rw’inyundo (i Kiganda) bakicwa urubozo. Kuva ubwo aho biciwe hitwa “Mu
miko y’abakobwa”.
2. Mpangarije kure (...) Yari yagishiye i Bunyambo Nyarume
(umukarago 21, 23): Uvugwa aha ni Ruganzu II Ndoli. Mu mateka
biributsa ko Ruganzu II Ndoli yari yarahungishirijwe i Karagwe kwa Karemera
I Ndagara umugabo wa nyirasenge Nyabunyana. Icyo gihe Nsibura Nyebunga
yari yayogoje u Rwanda,
Ndahiro II Cyamatare se wa Ruganzu II Ndoli aricwa ndetse n’ingoma Rwoga
iranyagwa.
3. Nyamugisha wandururaga imigisha y’abandi bami, Yasanze
bahinze arasarura (umukarago 101-102):
Uvugwa aha ni Cyilima I Rugwe. Cyilima I Rugwe yari yaragurije umugeni
uzatuma agira amahirwe akanakomera. Bamuraguriye Nyanguge ya Sagashya
Umwami w’u Bugufi maze asanga yarasabwe na Nsoro I Bihembe Umwami
w’u Bugesera. Ubwo bamugiriye inama yo kuzakora uko ashoboye kugira ngo
abe ari we umurongora mbere. Ubwo yashatse ubucuti kuri Nsoro Bihembe
abifashwamo n’umukono witwa Nkima wari utuye i Nyamweru, mwene wabo
wa rwihishwa. Nsoro yabanye na Nyanguge ariko yaratewe inda na Cyilima
I Rugwe. Nyanguge ageze igihe cyo kubyara inda y’uburiza yacitse Nsoro
Bihembe asanga Cyilima I Rugwe. Iyo nda yavutsemo Kigeli I Mukobanya,
wazunguye Cyilima I Rugwe.
4. Nabanze mugabo mu nka nyirazo azirimo (umukarago 108-
109): biributsa ko Kigeli I Mukobanya se Cyilima I Rugwe yamuraze ingoma
ku mugaragaro igihe yari amaze kwica Murinda wategekaga hakurya ya
Nyabarongo. Icyo gihe ni bwo Cyilima I Rugwe yahaye Mukobanya izina rya
Kigeli.
5. Bazindukira intambara Bitambara nyiri urutete (umukarago 111-
112): Kigeli I Mukobanya yari umunyentambara. Yagabye ibitero byinshi:
Yateye Nkuba ya Nyabakonjo wari utuye i Jabana rya Kabuye n’i Nyamisanga
ya Jari, atera Kigina watwaraga mu Buriza atera Sambwe rya Cyabugimbi
watwaraga u Bumbogo n’u Busigi, anatera Ruyenzi na Kinyambi.
6. Uwatanyaga umunyabutatu Umushi yatambitse ingabo mu nzira
(umukarago 114-115): Umushi uvugwa nanone ni Mulinda wishwe na
Kigeli I Mukobanya.
7. Nabanze Mabarabiri Nkovu imbere, Mbogoye Nyiri imbuga mu
mbone (umukarago 125-127): Uvugwa muri iyo mikarago ni Mibambwe
I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi wakomeretse mu gahanga mu gitero Abanyoro
bateye mu Rwanda maze amaraso agashoka, akagira amabara abiri,
iry’umubiri n’iry’amaraso. Yagize inkovu mu gahanga kubera kuraswa, bivuga
ko batamurashe ahunga. Muri icyo gitero Mibambwe I yagerageje kwitabaza
u Bugesera, i Gisaka n’i Nduga ariko ibyo bihugu byanga kumutabara.
Mibambwe ahitamo guhungana n’ingabo, abaturage ndetse n’amatungo.
Yahungiye mu Bushi kuri ubu ni Bukavu. Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi
n’ abantu be bahungutse bumvise ko Cwa I, Umwami w’Abanyoro yatanze.
8. Nkomyurume ya Misaya: Nkomyurume ni Yuhi II Gahima
Wadusendera inkundwakazi ya Nkozurugendo (umukarago 148-
149): inkundwakazi ivugwa hano ni Shetsa wari umugore wa Mibambwe
I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi. Yari yaramukundwakaje cyane maze bimutera
kwigira igishegabo kugera ubwo yategetse umwami ko banywana kandi
bitabaho, ahubwo ari ukugira ngo umuhungu we Hondi azabe ari we uragwa
ingoma. Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi I abibonye atyo yashatse undi
mugore rwihishwa ari we Matama ya Bigega w’i Buha, umusizi yita Misaya.
Yamutungiye kure ya Shetsa ariko abiziranyeho n’abiru. Matama rero ni we
wabyaye Gahima. Mibambwe yaje gutanga Shetsa n’urubyaro rwe baricwa.
9. Wagira ingoma z’ingombe (umukarago 160): Uyu mukarago
uributsa ko Ndahiro II Cyamatare yagize ubwami burimo ibibazo byinshi:
Abavandimwe be Bamara, Juru, Bwimba, Karangane, Mutezi, na Binama
wari waravutse kwa Samukende, Umwami w’i Bungwe barwaniye ingoma
banga kuyoboka Ndahiro wa II Cyamatare, u Rwanda rucikamo ibice
bibiri: Juru yigarurira igice cyo hakurya ya Nyabarongo (u Buriza), naho
uburengerazuba buyoboka Ndahiro II Cyamatare. Juru amaze gupfa, kimwe
na Mutezi na Bwimba, Bamara ashaka gusimbura uwo Juru. Kugira ngo
abigereho, yiyemeza gutatira abavandimwe, yitabaza Nsibura Nyebunga,
Umwami w’umushi wari umaze kwigarurira Ijwi. Nsibura Nyebunga yateye u
Rwanda Ndahiro II Cyamatare ari ku ngoma, urugamba rukomeye ruremera
i Gitarama. Ingoma y’Ingabe Rwoga iranyagwa. Ndahiro II Cyamatare agwa
ahitwa Rugara amaze kwambuka umugezi wa Kibirira aho bise i Rubi rw’i
Nyundo.
10. Watugirira ibambe, avuye iw’abandi (umukarago 171-1710):
Ruganzu II Ndoli yimye ingoma avuye i Karagwe kwa nyirasenge Nyabunyana
aho yari yarahungishirijwe.
11. Nyabuzima, umuzimurura w’ibyari byazimiye (umukarago 178-
179): Biributsa ko Ruganzu II Ndoli ari we wahanze ingoma y’ingabe Karinga
ngo isimbure Rwoga yari yaratwawe na Nsibura Nyebunga umushi.
12. Nyabuzima, umuzimurura w’ibyari byazimiye; Umuzahura w’ibyo
asanze (umukarago 178-180): Bavuga ko Ndahiro II Cyamatare amaze
gutanga, amapfa yateye, imvura ikanga kugwa, inka zikanga kubyara, inkoko
zikanga guturaga. Ruganzu II Ndoli ageze mu Gihugu imvura yaraguye, inka
zirabyara, imbyeyi ziravumera, imfizi zirivuga, inkoko ziraturaga. Ni we
wagaruye ubuzima mu Gihugu.
13. Ko yahoreye se ashishikaye Ingabo ye akayagagaza mu Bugara?
(umukarago 187-188): Igitero cya mbere cya Ndoli ni icyo yagabye
i Bunyabungo kwa Nsibura Nyebunga ahorera se Ndahiro II Cyamatare.
Yahereye ku mpugu z’umweya w’i Kivu uteganye n’Ijwi nyuma na ryo
ararinesha. Icyo gihe yishe Nsibura Nyebunga Umwami w’u Bunyabungo
ahorera se atyo. Ruganzu II Ndoli ntiyarekeye aho, yarakomeje atera Nzira
ya Muramira Umwami w’u Bugara wari waratabaye Nsibura atera Ndahiro.
Amaze kwica Nzira ni bwo abasizi bamwise izina rya Cyambarantama,
kigaruriye u Bugara. Yateye abami b’igihugu cy’u Buhoma cyategekwaga
n’ Ababanda b’abahinza. Icyo gihugu yagihinduye umusaka, anyaga
inka, abagore n’abana. Ingoma y’ingabe yabo Nkandagiyabagome na yo
arayinyaga, ingoma y’u Buhoma izima ityo. Ibyo bitero byose Ruganzu II
Ndoli yagabye yabifatanyije n’ingabo ze zitwa Ibisumizi. Amateka avuga ko
Ruganzu II Ndoli ari we mwami wa mbere watangiye kugaba ibitero byinshi
byo kwagura Igihugu.
14. Nabanze rwirabanzarwe (umukarago 196): Uyu mukarago uributsa
ko ba Mutara bari abami b’inka, ni bo bakoraga umuhango w’ubwiru w’Inzira
y’ishora.
15. Wa Mwami wahabwa Karinga: Akayambika karindwi
(umukarago 201-202): Biributsa ko Mutara I Nsoro II Semugeshi ari we
wanyaze Abenengwe igihugu k’i Bungwe. Icyo gihe u Bungwe bwari bugizwe
n’u Busanza bw’amagepfo, u Bufundu, Nyaruguru, Bashumba, Nyakare, u
Buyenzi.
16. Nyiri icumu ryica Abahunde (umukarago 214): ibi biributsa ko Kigeli
II Nyamuheshera yateye u Buhunde akabuvogera.
17. Nyiri iminyago cumi (umukarago 215): ibi biributsa ko mu minyago
y’ibitero bya Kigeli II Nyamuheshera hatarimo inka gusa; hajemo n’ihene
zari ndende cyane zisumba izari zisanzwe mu Rwanda. Izo hene yazizanye
ibwami baziha umushumba bazita n’izina “Akamenesho.” Mu minyago
hajemo n’ibishyimbo bivuye i Bushengere ho muri Kigezi. Ibyo bishyimbo
byasimbuye ibiharo. Mu mateka kandi Kigeli II Nyamuheshera afatanyije
n’ingabo ze zitwa Inkingi yabaye umurwanyi cyane.Yaguye u Rwanda
yigarurira uturere twinshi: Kinyaga cya Bukunzi na Busozo; u Bwanacyambwe
bwari bwarajyanywe n’i Gisaka.
18. Rugabishamaguru Maboko atanga atagabanya (umukarago
256-127): Umwami Mibambwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura azwiho kugira
ubwitonzi, kugira ubuntu, guha amata abakene begereye ibwami. Azwiho
no kuba umucamanza utabera kandi wangaga ibihano bidakwiriye umuntu.
19. Ubwo akangiye icyanya Cyanwa azanye ikeyi Inkoni zimwasa
agahama (umukarago 232-234): Iyi mikarago iributsa ko Ntare III
Kivimira w’i Burundi yigeze gutera u Rwanda ari kumwe n’abantu bake
agashaka kunyaga inka ziragiwe n’uwitwaga Rugaju. Icyo gihe Rugaju
yamukubise inkoni ku gakanu yitura hasi. Ibyo Rugaju yakoze umusizi
abyitirira Mibambwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura.
20. Mukuraho ubushongore n’ubushami (umukarago 236): Yuhi III
Mazimpaka yabaye ikirangirire bitewe n’ubwiza bwe.
21. Yakandagiye Nyiri i Nkoma Yamwikoreje (umukarago 244-245):
mu mateka Yuhi III Mazimpaka yishe Ntare III Kivimira, Umwami w’i Nkoma
(i Burundi).
22. Mutazibwa yica Mazuba (umukarago 261): Mu mateka, ingabo
za Cyilima II Rujugira zishe Umwami w’i Burundi Mutaga II Sebitungwa,
zamutsinze i Nkanda (mu Karere ka Nyaruguru). Icyo gihe hari hakiri ah’u
Burundi; ni na ho hari umurwa wa Mutaga III Sebitungwa.
23. Watunyagira impenda i Bugabe bwa Muruzi (umukarago 273-
274): Twabonye ko impenda ari inka nyinshi. Mu mateka, iyo mikarago
iratwibutsa ko Kigeli Ndabarasa yateye i Bugande, mu Ndorwa anyagayo
inka nyinshi ndetse aturayo.
24. Yahanuye Nsoro Atunyagira inka i Bwongera, Yongeramo
n’izo mu Bugote N’izo yavana mu Bwiriri (umukarago 290-
293): Mibambwe Mutabazi Sentabyo yazinyaze Nsoro IV Nyamugeta.
Rukombamazi n’iyo mfizi ni byo byarangaga ubwami bw’i Bugesera. Muri
ibyo bihe Nsoro Nyamugeta yabanje guhungira i Gisaka kwa Kimenyi IV
Getura. Bari bafitanye isano. Nyuma yashatse kugaruka n’ingabo ze ngo
yigarurire igihugu ke ariko ntibyamuhira kuko yafashwe akicwa. Icyo gihe ni
bwo u Bugesera bwegamye burundu ku Rwanda ariko igice cy’amagepfo y’u
Bugesera Ntare IV Rugamba w’i Burundi yari yaragifashe, kikanahera gityo.
25. Nabanze zingazinywe shoza yuhire (umukarago 299-300):
Biributsa ko ba Yuhi ari abami b’inka.
26. Yica Nyiri u Buzi Nyina amuzana aho mpiri (umukarago 303-304):
Biributsa ko Yuhi IV Gahindiro yishe Karinda umutegeka w’u Buzi, agahugu
ko mu Buhunde mu majyaruguru y’ikiyaga cya Kivu maze nyina Nyirakarinda
akamuzana mu minyago ari muzima.
27. Abo bahinza yabateyemo umukenya Yayanganiye n’amahari
(umukarago 305, 311): Mu mateka, Gatarabuhura wari mwene se wa
Sentabyo yohereje intumwa ngo zice Yuhi IV Gahindiro ngo ahereko yime
mu Rwanda; ubwo Sentabyo yari amaze gutanga maze umwiru Rusuka
aramuhungisha. Uyu Gatarabuhura yari yarigometse kuri Sentabyo amaze
kwima ashaka gufata ubutegetsi ariko ntibyamuhira ahungira i Burundi.
Ikindi amateka atubwira kuri Yuhi IV Gahindiro ni uko yimye ari muto se
Sentabyo amaze gutanga maze ategekerwa na nyina Nyiratunga.
28. Ko wandikiye ubutwari ukiri muto Ukaba uhotoye uruti ukiri
umutavu ( umukarago 321-324): Biributsa ko Mutara II Rwogera yimye
akiri muto. Icyo gihe ni bwo u Rwanda rwagabye igitero i Burundi kiswe
“Igitero cya Rwagetana”(kugeta bivuga gutema ugakuraho). U Rwanda
rwayoborwaga n’umugabekazi Nyiramavugo Nyiramongi. Ariko igitero
kitiriwe Mutara II Rwogera.
29. Mpumurize Nyamarembo: Nyamarembo uvugwa hano ni nyina wa Yuhi
III Mazimpaka Nyirayuhi III Nyiramarembo. Uyu Nyirayuhi III yari umukono.
Yicishije abana b’umwami babiri b’impanga, bituma umuhungu we atanga
itegeko ryo kurimbura Abakono. Nyamarembo na we ubwe yariyahuye.
Umusizi arahumuriza Abakono ababwira ko na bo bazakomeza kubyaraabami.
II.4. Ibisigo nyabami
II.4.1. Inshoza, ibiranga ibisigo nyabami n’amako yabyo.