Science and Elementary Technology

This unit gives you capacity and ability to make for yourself different toys and learning and teaching materials you were usually buying from the shops. You will need those materials in your daily life, games even during lessons. The essential questions to be answered after this unit are:

 • How can I make toy objects like bird, car, clock, airplane, goat using local materials?

 • How can I make teaching and learning aids like rectangle and square using papers?

Activity 1

 1. Look at the pictures

 2. Take a used paper with at least 20cm. 

3. Cut the paper in such way that all the four sides are equal. 

4. Fold that paper and make a toy of a flying bird as shown in the pictures following all the 14 steps given. 

5. Fly the toy like bird you have made in the school compound

Materials: Pair of scissors, paper

Activity 2 

1. Look at the pictures (1, 2 and 3) 

2. Take a paper with a size of at least 10cm.

 3. On the paper draw a square with a right angle and each side of 5cm. 

4. Cut the paper using a pair of scissors following the sides of that square (NB: Avoid harming yourself while cutting the paper). 

5. Again, take another paper with a size of 10 cm.

 6. On the paper draw a rectangle with 2 equal parallel sides of 5cm and 8 cm. 

7. Cut the paper using a pair of scissors following the sides of the rectangle.

Materials: Paper, pair of scissors, ruler and Pencil

                   What are you able to do after this activity?

I am able to make four sided figures (a square and a rectangle) in papers following all the steps given in this book.

Activity 4

 1. Look at the pictures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 below. 

2. Gather materials you shall need (razor blade or sharp knife, empty plastic bottle, a long stick/ wire, a nail for perforating/ piercing).

 3. Cut a plastic bottle using a sharp knife and follow steps shown in the pictures, and fix a stick to hold when flying that toy airplane (Note: Be careful while cutting the plastic bottle and avoid harming yourself.)

 4. Fly the toy that you have made. 

Materials: Razor blade, empty plastic bottle, long stick/wire, nail.

                            What are you able to do after this activity?

I am able to make a toy like airplane using an empty plastic bottle following all the steps given in this book.

Activity 5 

1. Look at the pictures (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) 

2. Gather materials you shall need (a pair of scissors and stick/ nail, box, pen, paper ruler, compass). 

3. Cut a box using a pair of scissors, follow the steps given in pictures and make a wall clock toy to hang in your classroom. (Note: In the process of cutting a hard box be careful not to harm yourself). 

4. Compare your toy wall clock to that of your friend, which one is better?

Material: pair of scissors, box, stick/nail, pen, hard paper, iron rod

                          What are you able to do after this activity?

I am able to make a wall clock using a hard paper box, following all the steps given in this book.

Activity 6

 1. Look at the pictures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 

2. Prepare clay, fine sand and water. 

3. Mix clay and fine sand (in the ratio of 2:1). 

4. Knead the clay soil with fine sand and water until they fully mixed. 

5. Model a goat like sculpture following steps given in the pictures below. 

6. Put your model goat like sculpture in a dry place where there is no sun (so that it doesn’t crack).

Materials: o: Clay, fine sand and water

             What are you able to do after this activity?

I am able to model a goat like sculpture in clay following all the steps given in this book.

Activity 7

 1. Look at the pictures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. 

2. Prepare clay, fine sand and water. 

3. Mix clay with fine sand (in the ratio of 2:1) 

4. Knead the clay soil with fine sand and water until they fully mixed. 

5. Model a bird like sculpture using steps given in the following pictures below. 

6. Put that model clay sculpture in a dry place free from sunshine (so that it doesn’t crack).

Materials: clay, fine sand and water

                            What are you able to do after this activity?

 I am able to model a bird like sculpture out of clay following all the steps given in this book

End of Unit Assessment 2

1. In the following activities, choose any two and do them: 

a) Make a bird out of paper. b) Cut paper and make (a) square,

 (b) rectangle c) Make a toy like airplane out of paper and sorghum sticks. 

d) Out of a box make a wall clock to hang in the classroom 

2. Fill these words in the following sentences: plastic, sides, sand, knife. 

a) In preparing clay used to model toys, youmix clay with ………and water up to when they are fully mixed up. 

b) A………bottle can be used to make a play material that fly like an aero plane. 

c) When using a pair of scissors, ……… or a razor blade we must be careful not to harm ourselves. 

d) A square is a four sided figure with four equal……. and four right angles.