General
3 Ubuzima bw’imyororokere
3.1. Ubuhamya bw’umuntu wanduye indwara
yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Mfite imyaka cumi n’ibiri nkaba naranduye indwara yitwa Mburugu.
Ndatekereza ko mukimara kubyumva muhita muvuga muti: “Umva
umukobwa w’igicucu wishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye.”
Nyamara n’ubwo ibyo byambayeho, ndifuza kubibabwiza ukuri kugira
ngo namwe bitazababaho.
Nari maze igihe gito nkundana n’umuhungu witwaga Byusa. Andusha
imyaka ibiri. Naramwizeraga rwose. Mbere y’uko ankoreshaimibonano mpuzabitsina ntabishaka, twari twaraganiriye ku bintu
byinshi. Twumvikanye ko tuzirinda, tukifata kuzagera ubwo dukura
tukubakana urugo. Kwifata byaramunaniye akajya anyinginga ngo
dukore imibonano mpuzabitsina nkamwangira.
Umunsi umwe, yaje kuntumira iwabo. Njyayo nsanga ari we wenyine
uhari kandi yanyiteguye. Yanyakirije fanta ariko sinamenya ko yari
yashyizemo ibiyobyabwenge. Nange nabaye umupfapfa sinagira
amakenga mpera ko ndagotomera n’isari nyinshi.
Nyuma uko twakomezaga kuganira twahuje urugwiro
ntakwishishanya, ni ko nagendaga numva nsa n’uhinduka mu mubiri
wose: nkumva nsa n’utazi neza iyo ndi, nkanyuzamo nkabira ibyuya
umubiri wose, nkumva agatotsi kagenda kantwara bukebuke ndetse
mfite n’ikizungera kugeza ubwo nasinziriye nezaneza.
Aho mperukira amakuru y’ibyabaye, nibuka Byusa ambwira ngo
ninge kuryama mu cyumba cy’abashyitsi negusinzirira mu cyumba
cy’uruganiriro. Ngo yagiraga ngo age kumpamagarira ababyeyi be
baze bampe ubutabazi bw’ibanze kuko yakomezaga kunyumvisha ko
nafashwe na marariya akaba ari yo yatumaga ngubwa nabi. Nyamara
zari nka za mpuhwe za Bihehe kuko yari azi neza ibyo yakoze agira
ngo agere ku mugambi we bitamugoye.
Ubwo naje kuzanzamuka nyuma, numva nshaka kujya gucisha
hejuru ndamuhamagara. Yaraje ajya kunyereka aho niherera
mpageze ndisuzuma nsanga yankoreye ibya mfura mbi. Kuva ubwo
nahise ngwa mu kantu mbura icyo nkora nshwana na we. Ibyo
byose ntiyabyemeraga ahubwo yampinduraga umusazi. Byamaze
kunyobera, ndataha ndyumaho sinahita mbwira ababyeyi bange uko
byangendekeye ngo batavaho bavuga ko nari nsanzwe niyandarika.
Nyamara wahishira ibindi byose ariko ntiwahishira ikikubungamo.
Hashize igihe gito, natangiye kumva ngira uburyaryate mu gitsina.
Ntabwo byambabazaga ariko nahise ntangira kwibaza niba
byaraturutse ku mibonano mpuzabitsina nashowemo. Gusa sinakekaga
ko Byusa nubwo yampemukiye yaba agendana izo ndwara zandurira
mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, kuko nta kintu nabonaga ku mubiri wecyagaragazaga uburwayi. Ngakomeza kwibaza niba yaba yari afite
uburwayi, impamvu yaba yaragambiriye kunyanduza ku bwende.
Umunsi umwe rero nafashe ikemezo cyo kubimubazaho. Nuko
ambwira ko na we yagiraga uburyaryate kandi bukaba bwaratangiye
amaze kuryamana n’umwe mu bakobwa bakundanaga mbere. Nyuma
yaho yatangiye kujya agira umuriro akajya abona n’uduheri dutukura
ku ruhu rwe. Ngo yabibajijeho umukobwa bari bakoranye imibonano,
amubwira ko yari muzima, kandi ko yahuraga n’abasore yizeraga
gusa. Nyuma yaho, uko kugira umuriro byarahagaze, n’uduheri
ntitwongera kugaruka, nuko akeka ko nta kibazo afite.
Maze kumva ibyo, nafashe ingamba yo kujya kwisuzumisha. Ingorane
yabaye iyo gusaba muganga ngo adupime. Nari mfite kandi ubwoba
bwo kubibwira ababyeyi bange, kuko ntashakaga ko bamenya ko
nakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina. Nababwiye rero ko ngiye kubonana
na muganga kuko numvaga ntameze neza, sinababwira ko ngiye
kwipimisha. Ku bw’amahirwe, ababyeyi bange babyakiriye neza,
bishimira ko ntekereje kujya kwa muganga.
Muganga na we yanyakiriye neza, aransuzuma asanga mfite
ubwandu bwa mburugu. Yambajije aho nanduriye ndabimutekerereza
hanyuma antuma kuzana na Byusa. Yaraje aramusuzuma maze na
we amusangamo ubwo bwandu. Gusa ndashimira muganga kuko
yaduhumurije, aratuvura, anatwumvisha ko mburugu n’ubwo ari
indwara mbi, ishobora kuvurwa igakira vuba cyanecyane iyo ugiye kwa
muganga hakiri kare. Baduteye inshinge buri wese kuri buri tako, nyuma
dusubiyeyo twasanze twarakize kandi na bwa buryaryate burakira.
Nanone yadusobanuriye ko iyo itavuwe neza, ishobora gutera ubugumba,
indwara zo mu mutwe, ndetse no gukuramo inda ku bagore cyangwa
bakabyara abana bafite ubumuga bw’ingingo kandi ntibabashe kubaho.
Nyuma yaho Byusa yagiye kubibwira umukobwa bari barakoranyeimibonano mpuzabitsina mbere, na we ajya kwipimisha arivuza.
I. Inyunguramagambo
a) Gerageza gusobanura buri jambo kandi urikoreshe mu
nteruro iboneye.
1. Imibonano mpuzabitsina 4. Ubugumba
2. Gusama inda 5. Gukuramo inda
3. Uburyaryate
b) Imyitozo y’inyunguramagambo
1. Tanga impuzanyito z’amagambo aciyeho akarongo.
a) Maze kumva ibyo, nafashe ingamba yo kujya kwipimisha.
b) Mburugu ishobora gutera ubugumba, indwara zo mu mutwe,
ndetse no gukuramo inda ku bagore cyangwa bakabyara
abana bafite ubumuga.
c) Byusa yagiye kubibwira umukobwa bari barakoranye
imibonano mpuzabitsina na we ajya kwipimisha arivuza.
2. Uzurisha impuzanyito z’amagambo ari mu dukubo.
a) Uyu muntu yari yishwe n’ ………………… (inzara)
b) Mu Rwanda ………………… bafite umumaro. (abategarugori)
c) Nafashe …………………cyo kwipimisha (ingamba)
II. Ibibazo ku mwandiko.
Musubize ibi bibazo byabajijwe ku mwandiko mu magambo
yanyu bwite
1. Kuki uyu mukobwa watanze ubuhamya yumvaga ko abamwumva
bamwita igicucu?
2. Uyu mukobwa, ni ubuhe butwari wamushimira?
3. Kuki nta muntu ugomba kwizera ko atarwaye umurebesheje
ijisho gusa?
4. Ni irihe somo rikomeye wakuye mu buhamya bw’uyu mukobwa?
5. Ese wowe uramutse ugize ibyago ukandura imwe mu ndwara
zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, watinyuka kubibwiraababyeyi bawe ndetse ukajya no kwivuza kwa muganga?
III. Gusesengura umwandiko
Subiza ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Ni iyihe nsanganyamatsiko ivugwa muri rusange muri uyu
mwandiko?
2. Erekana ingingo z’ingenzi zigize uyu mwandiko.
3. Ni ayahe masomo y’ingenzi twakura muri uyu mwandiko?
IV. Kungurana ibitekerezo ku byavuzwe mu mwandiko
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku kibazo gikurikira:
Muramutse muhuye n’umuntu wanduye indwara yandurira mu
mibonano mpuzabitsina mwamugira iyihe nama?
Umukoro
Ganiriza abo mubana mu rugo ku cyo umukobwa yakora aramutse
afashwe ku ngufu agakoreshwa imibonano mpuzabitsina.
3.2. Itondaguranshinga: Ibihe bikuru by’inshinga
Soma witonze aka gace k’umwandiko, maze ukurikije ko inshinga ziciyeho
akarongo zivuga igikorwa cyahise, ikirimo gukorwa cyangwa ikizaza
uzuzuze mu mbonerahamwe ikurikiraho:
Dukwiye guhora dusoma.
Mwana wange ubwo ubona njijutse nta kindi mbikesha ni ugusoma
ibitabo bitandukanye.
Kera nkiri muto narasomye biratinda. Nasomye ibitabo byinshi
bitandukanye: iby’ubuvanganzo, iby’ikibonezamvugo, n’iby’inkuru
bitabarika. Narasomaga sinibuke no kurya iyo nabaga naguye ku
gitabo kiryoshye.
Kandi na n’ubu ndacyasoma, ejo narasomye ndetse no mu
kanya nasomye kandi n’ubu urabona ko ndi gusoma. Hari umunsi
ngira akazi kenshi ku manywa, bwajya kwira umuriro ukabura,
ngatangira kwibaza nti: “Ubu koko ndacyasomye?” Iyo byanze
nshana agatadowa ngasoma nibura amakuru y’ibyabaye uwo munsi.
Buri munsi rero ndasoma nkamenya amakuru kandi nkagira icyo
nunguka. Nsoma ibitabo, ngasoma ibinyamakuru, ngasoma n’ibyo ku
mbuga nkoranyambaga. Ubu na nimugoroba ndasoma ibinyamakuru
byasohotse uyu munsi. Ejo na bwo nzasoma iby’ejo. Ejobundi na bwo
nzasoma iby’aho n’umwaka utaha nzasoma ibizaba bigezweho.
Nzakomeza nsome kugira ngo nkomeze kujyana n’igihe, kuko ibyo
ku isi bigenda bihinduka. Ubwenge bukomeza kwiyongera, udasomyewasigara
Ibibazo byo gusubiza:
1. Ibihe bivugwamo ibikorwa biri muri iyi mbonerahamwe ni bingahe?
2. Muhereye ku bihe no ku bikorwa bivugwa mu nshinga mwashyize
muri iyi mbonerahamwe, mwavuga ko ibihe bikuru by’inshinga ari
ibihe?
3. Duciye umurongo tukawita igihe, mwawugabanyamo kangahemukurikije ibihe izi nshinga mwabonye zitondaguwemo?
A. IMPITAGIHE
Impitagihe ivuga ibyahise kare cyangwa kera ikigabanyamo impitakare
n’impitakera.
1. Impitakare
Impitakare yumvikanisha igikorwa cyarangiye mu gihe cyashize, ariko
kitarengeje uyu munsi, mu kanya kashize.
Ingero:
a) Nasomaga igitabo.
b) Nasomye igitabo.
c) Nsomye igitabo.
d) Ndagisomye.
e) Icyo gitabo nagisomye.
Izi nshinga zumvikanisha igikorwa kimaze gukorwa, ariko cyarangiye
bitarenze uyu munsi cyangwa mu kanya kashize
2. Impitakera
Impitakera yumvikanisha igikorwa cyarangiye mu gihe cyashize,
uhereye ejo hashize ugana hirya yaho.
Ingero:
a) Nkiri muto nasomaga ibitabo byinshi mu cyumweru.
b) Mu mwaka ushize nasomye ibitabo bine.
c) Kera narasomye cyane.
d) Ejo nasomye umunsi wose.
Izi nshinga zumvikanisha igikorwa cyamaze igihe gikorwa ariko
cyarangiye ejo hashize cyangwa hirya yaho.
B. INDAGIHE
Indagihe ivuga ibiba muri aka kanya, ibiba ubusanzwe, ibyabaye kera
bivugwa mu nkuru, ibikorwa bigikomeza, bityo ikigabanyamo indagihe
y’aka kanya, indagihe y’ubusanzwe n’iy’imbarankuru, n’iy’igikomezo.
1. Indagihe y’ubu: ubungubu, mu kanya kaza, mu kanya gashizeIndagihe y’ubu yumvikanisha ikirimo gukorwa ubu, aho uvugiye.
Urugero:
Ndasoma igitabo
2. Indagihe y’ubusanzwe
Indagihe y’ubusanzwe yumvikanisha igikorwa gisanzwe gikorwa.
Nta wamenya intangiriro n’iherezo ryacyo.
Ingero:
a) Nsoma igitabo.
b) Iyo mbonye akanya ndasoma.
c) Ndasoma buri munsi.
d) Nsoma igitabo kimwe mu minsi ine.
3. Indagihe y’imbarankuru
Indagihe y’imbarankuru umuntu ayikoresha avuga ibyabaye kera
nk’aho ari iby’ubu. Isa nk’indagihe y’ubusanzwe, bigatandukanira ku
nshoza.
Ingero:
a) Yagiye mu nzu nuko arambura igitabo arasoma.
b) Nuko icyo gihe turasoma abantu baratangara.
4. Indagihe y’igikomezo
Indagihe y’igikomezo yumvikanisha igikorwa kikirimo gukorwa
ubungubu, nta wamenya igihe cyatangiriye, nta n’uwamenya igihe
kiri burangirire.
Ingero:
a) Ndacyasoma igitabo.
b) Turacyategura ibikorwa tuzakora mu muganda.
Hari n’indagihe y’igikomezo ikoreshwa kenshi mu nteruro zisa
n’izibaza, ariko zinatangara: ingero: a) Ubu se ndacyasomye cya
gitabo ko ndeba bwije? b) Aho aracyakoze wa murimo?
Zumvikanamo igikorwa kifujwe gukorwa mu kanya uvugiyemo
cyangwa kari buze, cyangwa mu gihe kizaza, ariko aho uvugiye ukabautagifite ikizere gihamye ko kiri bukorwe.
C. INZAGIHE
Inzagihe ivuga ibiza kuba cyangwa ibizaba nyuma y’igihe cyo kuvuga.
Yigabanyamo inzahato n’inzakera.
1. Inzahato
Inzahato ivuga ibiri bube nyuma yo kuvuga, ariko ntibifate undi munsi.
Ingero: Ku gicamunsi uratera umupira.
Ibiri bube uyu munsi mu kanya kaza bishobora kandi kuvugwa mu
ndagihe iyo twongeyeho akajambo karanga igihe.
Ingero:
a) Ndaza mu kanya
b) Ndaje ube untegereje
2. Inzakera
Inzakera ivuga ibizaba ejo hazaza cyangwa mu bihe bizakurikiraho.
Irangwa na za-
Ingero:Nzasoma igitabo.
Imyitozo:
1. Soma interuro ikurikira uyishyire mu nzagihe.
Umuganga na we yatwakiriye neza twembi nge na Byusa, kandi
asanga dufite ubwandu bwa mburugu.
2. Mukurikize ruhamwa yatanzwe maze mutondagure inshinga
mu gihe cyatanzwe mu dukubo.
a) Mutoni ( gusobanurira: inzagihe) bagenzi be.
b) Uburagaza (kwica: impitagihe) abantu benshi mu myaka ya
kera.
c) Mu Mpeshyi nta mvura ( kugwa: indagihe).
d) Mburugu ni imwe mu ndwara (kwandurira: indagihe) mu
mibonano mpuzabitsina.e) Iyi nka (kuza: inzagihe) ibyatsi yarishije.
3.3.Twirinde indwara zandurira mu myanyandangagitsina
Urubyiruko rugomba kumenya ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere,
rukamenya uko imibiri yabo ikora, bityo rugashobora kwirinda indwara
zandurira mu myanya ndangagitsina, rukirinda kubyara rutarageza
igihe.
Indwara zandurira mu myanya ndangagitsina zikwirakwizwa no
gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina abantu batikingiye. Izo ndwara rero
ziva ku muntu wanduye zijya ku wundi, bityo uko abantu bakorana
imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abantu batandukanye akaba ari ko zigenda
zikwirakwira.
Ubuzima bw’imyororokere rero bugira uruhare mu buryo tubaho.
Bugomba gutekerezwaho umuntu akiri muto, bityo akamenya uko
yitwara mu busore cyangwa mu bukumi bwe, kugeza mu gihe abayemukuru agashaka cyangwa agahitamo kudashaka.
Kutamenya ibijyaye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere bigira uruhare
rukomeye ku mibereho y’umuntu no mu iterambere rye. Kwandura
indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ni ingorane zikomeye
cyanecyane iyo akiri muto.
Akenshi abazanduye bakiri bato batinya kuzivuza, maze zikamunga
imibiri yabo. Zirabangiza ugasanga nta ntege bafite, ndetse abenshi
bikabaviramo gupfa imburagihe.
Na none kubyara ukiri muto ni ibyago bikomeye kuko bigutesha intego
zose wari ufite mu buzima. Abenshi bahagarika amashuri, bakajya
kurera abana babyaye. Ubuzima bwabo rero buba bubaye bubi.
Ubuzima bwiza bw’imyororokere rero bugira uruhare ku mibereho
y’abantu, ku iterambere ryabo, ku ngufu bagira zo gukorera igihugu,
bityo bukagira uruhare ku iterambere ry’isi muri rusange.
Ubuzima bw’imyororokere bugomba kumvikana neza mu gihe abantu
bakiri bato kugira ngo bitegure uko bazabaho bamaze gukura, birinde
imibonano mpuzabitsina kugeza bashatse. Ibyo bibarinda indwara
zandurira mu myanya ndangagitsina.
Ubuzima bubi mu bijyanye n’imyororokere buha icyuho indwara,
gufatwa ku ngufu, gucuruzwa kw’abantu, inda zititeguwe ndetse n’imfu.
Nyamara indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zishobora
kwirindwa kuko umuntu ni we uzikururira. Kuzirinda rero ni ukwirinda
imibonano mpuzabitsina mu gihe utarashaka ngo ugire umuntu umwe
mubana mukubaka urugo. Kujarajara mu bantu batandukanye rero
ni byo bikwirakwiza indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Kwifata ku bakiri bato bakirinda imibonano mpuzabitsina ni byo
byabarinda izo ndwara.
Ku bananiwe kwifata, nibura bagomba kwibuka gukoresha agakingirizo.
Izishobora kwanduzwa n’ibikoresho bisangirwa nka tirikomonasi na
zo zirindwa buri wese agira igikoresho ke k’isuku kandi akagisukura.
Nimwirinde indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina rero,
bizatuma mugira ubuzima bwiza.I. Inyunguramagambo:
a) Musobanure amagambo akurikira.
1. Guha icyuho
2. Inda zitateguwe
3. Kujarajara
4. Imburagihe
b) Imyitozo ku nyunguramagambo
Koresha buri jambo mu nteruro yumvikanisha inyito yaryo:
1. Guha icyuho
2. Inda zitateguwe
3. Kujarajara
4. Imburagihe
II. Ibibazo ku mwandiko
Musubize ibi bibazo byabajijwe ku mwandiko mu magambo
yanyu bwite
1. Wumva kumenya ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere
byagufasha iki?
2. Ubuzima bw’imyororokere bugira uruhare rukomeye mu
mibereho yacu bute?
3. Kuki abantu bagomba kumva neza bakiri bato ibijyanye
n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere?
4. Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zikwirakwira zite
mu bantu?
5. Andika ingaruka zo kwandura indwara zandurira mu mibonano
mpuzabitsina.
6. Ni gute ubuzima bwiza bw’imyororokere bwagira uruhare muiterambere ry’igihugu?
III. Gusesengura umwandiko
Gerageza gusubiza ibi bibazo:
1. Garagaza ingingo z’ingenzi zigize uyu mwandiko.
2. Ni ayahe masomo wigiye kuri uyu mwandiko?
IV. Kungurana ibitekerezo ku byavuzwe mu
mwandiko
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku kibazo gikurikira:
Mubona hakorwa iki kugira ngo indwara zandurira mu mibonano
mpuzabitsina zicike mu bantu?
3.4. Ikinyazina mbaza
Musome iki kiganiro maze mutahure imiterere n’umumaroby’amagambo yanditse atsindagiye
Muhire: Uraho Mahoro!
Mahoro: Uraho Muhire!Muhire: Noneho se ibyo wambaye ni ibiki?
Mahoro: Ibihe se udasanzwe ubona?
Muhire: Ibyo wambaye nyine.
Mahoro: Iki ni igisarubeti n’ingofero by’abafundi.
Muhire: Usigaye uri umufundi se? Wabyigiye he se?
Mahoro: Ubu ndangije mu ishuri ry’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro.
Muhire: Ubwo se baguhemba angahe ku munsi?
Mahoro: Bampemba kimwe n’abandi bafundi.
Muhire: Yewe, sinari nzi rwose ko hariho abakobwa b’abafundi.
Mahoro: Ubu abakobwa natwe dusigaye twubaka rero. Kandi
turabizi kuko twabyize.
Muhire: Ni iterambere ridasanzwe. Nange rwose ninjya kubaka ni
wowe uzanyubakira.Mahoro: Gira vuba ahubwo maze nzakwereke ko natwe dushoboye.
Ibibazo byo gusubiza:
1. Amagambo: ibihe, angahe, afite uwuhe mumaro mu nteruro?
2. Mubona ashobora kwisanisha mu nteko zitandukanye?
3. Muhereye ku miterere n’umumaro wayo mwayita iki?
4. Amagambo abaza nka: nde? ryari? ki? he? Na yo yashyirwa muri
ubu bwoko bw’amagambo?
a) Inshoza y’ikinyazina mbaza
Ibinyazina mbaza ni amagambo aherekeza amazina cyangwa
akayasimbura, afasha mu kubaza usobanuza cyangwa wifuza kumenya
umubare w’ibintu. Habaho andi magambo abaza nka: nde? ryari? ki?
Ariko atari ibinyazina mbaza.
Ingero: Ni nde? Inka ki? Uzaza ryari?
b) Imiterere y’ikinyazina mbaza
Ikinyazina mbaza kigira ibicumbi bitatu ari byo:
– ngahe? – he? – e?.
Ikinyazina mbaza gifite igicumbi –ngahe? kisanisha n’inteko ziri mubwinshi gusa.
Urugero:
Ufite abana
Ikinyazina mbaza gifite igicumbi “he?” kisanisha n’inteko zose kikaba
gishobora kuba kigufi cyangwa kirekire.
Ingero: – Ushaka akahe gacuma?
– Ushaka agacuma kahe?
Ikinyazina mbaza gifite igicumbi “e?” kisanisha n’inteko ya 16 gusa.
Ingero: – Utuye he?
– Uvuye hehe?Imbonerahamwe y’ikinyazina mbaza
Imyitozo:
1. Tahura ibinyazina mbaza muri aka gace k’umwandiko
Gutegura gahunda y’igihembwe.
Mu ntangiriro ya buri mwaka buri munyeshuri aba akwiye kwibaza
ibibazo bikurikira:
Muri uyu mwaka tuziga amasomo angahe? Amasomo mbona
akomeye ni ayahe? Nkeneye amakaye angahe? Isomo iri n’iri rigaruka
inshuro zingahe mu cyumweru? Ibintu bikunze kungora ni ibiki? Ni he
nakwigira hamfasha kwiga mu mutuzo? Ni abahe bantu bamfasha mu
myigire yange? Ibintu bishobora kundangaza bigatuma ntiga neza ni
ibiki?
Iyo umaze kubona ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo uba warangije gutsinda.
2. Mutahure muri iki kinyatuzu gikurikira ibinyazina mbazanibura bitatu.
3.5. Nzirinda ikintu cyose cyanshora mubusambanyi.
Ingimbi n’abangavu bakunze gushukwa n’abantu bakuze, bakabashora mu
mibonano mpuzabitsina batarageza igihe. Akenshi bashukishwa utuntu
duto nk’amafaranga, imyenda, utuntu turyoshye two kurya cyangwa
kunywa batarashobora kwigurira n’ibindi.
Imibonano mpuzabitsina rero yangiza ubuzima, igatuma abo
bangavu n’ingimbi bahagarika amashuri yabo, intego zabo z’ubuzima
zigahagarara. Nyamara ibyo byose umwana amaze gukura ashobora
kubigeraho, akifasha. Kwirinda gushorwa mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
rero ni ukwirinda kugira irari ry’ibyo utarashobora kwiha, ukirinda
abagushuka.
Ingaruka ni nyinshi ku bantu bishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
bakiri bato. Hari ingaruka zigaragara ku mubiri nko kurwara indwarazandurira mu myanya ndangabitsina ndetse no gutwara inda ku
bana b’abakobwa. Nyamara kandi hari n’ingaruka ku mibereho, ku
mitekerereze n’ imyitwarire y’umwana. Harimo kwisuzugura, kutigirira
ikizere, kuraruka no kwiyanga. Kuri ibyo, hiyongeraho kandi imyitwarire
yo kumva afite ikimwaro cyangwa kuba umushizi w’isoni.
Buri mwangavu cyangwa ingimbi agomba kwiyumvisha iki kintu: “Mfite
uburenganzira bwo guhakanira umuntu wese ushaka kunshora mu
mibonano mpuzabitsina. Singomba kwishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
kubera ko nkunda umukobwa cyangwa umuhungu.”
Kwishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina rero ntibituma umwangavu
cyangwa ingimbi bangirika ku mubiri gusa, bibatera no kwangirika
mu bwonko. Ubwonko rero ni rwo rugingo rukomeye mu bijyanye
n’imibonano mpuzabitsina. Iyo mu bwonko harangije kwangirika nibwo
usanga umuntu atagishobora kwifata, imibonano mpuzabitsinda ikaba
ari yo imugenga, intego zose yari afite mu buzima zikazima, agatangira
gutsindwa mu ishuri byarimba akarivamo, indi mirimo yose igahagarara.
Kubaho gutyo rero ni ukubaho nk’inyamaswa itagira ubwenge bwo
gukora ibintu muri gahunda iyi n’iyi yihaye.
Kugira ngo utegure ubuzima bwawe neza ni ukumenya guhuza ibyo
bintu bitatu ari byo: umubiri, umutima n’ubwonko. Umubiri ugomba
kurindwa kuko ushobora kwangirika kandi ni na wo ukora igikorwa,
umutima ni wo uvamo ibyiyumvo naho ubwonko bukaba ari bwobuvamo ibitekerezo.
I. Inyunguramagambo
a) Mushake ibisobanuro by’aya magambo.
1. Irari 3. Ubwonko
2. Umushizi w’isoni 4. Ibyiyumvo
b) Imyitozo ku nyunguramagambo
Mukoreshe aya magambo mu nteruro zumvikanisha icyo asobanura:
1. Irari 3. Ubwonko2. Umushizi w’isoni 4. Ibyiyumvo
c) Fora ndi nde?
Ni nge shingiro ryo gutekereza kandi ibyumviro byose ndabitegeka
Ndi ………………
Ifashishe aka gakino ka “fora ndi nde?” ubaze ikibazo cyo gufindura
amagambo akurikira: umutima, inka, ingimbi, umwangavu.
II. Ibibazo ku mwandiko
Musubize ibi bibazo byabajijwe ku mwandiko mu magambo
yanyu bwite.
1. Ni ibiki abantu bakuze bakunze gushukisha ingimbi n’abangavu
bagamije kubashora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina?
2. Hari igishuko wowe wari wahura na cyo muri ubwo buryo?
Wakitwayemo ute?
3. Rondora ingaruka ku bantu bishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
bakiri bato.
4. Kwangirika mu bwonko bizana izihe ngaruka ku wishoye mu
mibonano mpuzabitsina akiri muto?
5. Kwirinda imibonano mpuzabitsina ukiri muto ni ukurinda ibintu
bitatu. Ni ibihe? Kubera iki? Wabirinda ute?
III. Gusesengura umwandiko
Musubize ibi bibazo:
1. Andika ingingo z’ingenzi zigize uyu mwandiko unawukorere
inshamake.
2. Garagaza isomo ukuye muri uyu mwandiko.
IV. Kungurana ibitekerezo
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku kibazo gikurikira:
Ese urukundo n’ubucuti hagati y’umuhungu n’umukobwa bigaragariramu gukorana imibonano mpuzabitsina?
3.6. Ikinyazina mboneranteko
Soma interuro zikurikira maze utahure imiterere n’umumaro
by’amagambo aciyeho akarongo:
1. Za dodo ziraryoha.
2. Ba marume bamfashije kwiga.
3. Ka Mukamana kagira urugwiro.
4. Mfite ba masenge babiri kandi bombi bize iby’ubwubatsi.
Ibibazo byo gusubiza:
1. Aya magambo aciyeho akarongo murabona aherekeza amazina
ateye ate?
2. Ubona afite uwuhe mumaro?
3. Uhereye ku miterere n’umumaro byayo wayita ngo iki? Hari irindi
zina ryabyo muzi?
4. Mumaze kubona uko biteye n’uko bikoreshwa mwavuga ko ibinyazina
mboneranteko ari iki?
a) Inshoza y’Ikinyazina mboneranteko
Ikinyazina mboneranteko ni amagambo akoreshwa imbere
y’amazina bwite n’amazina rusange adafite indomo akerekana inteko
izina ririmo. Bakita ikinyazina mboneranteko cyangwa ikinyazina
ndanganteko.
b) Imiterere y’ikinyazina mboneranteko
Ikinyazina mboneranteko kigira igicumbi “-a”, kigatuma ijambo
kibanjirije rihindura inteko mu kurishondeka, kuritubya no kuritubura.
Ingero
Bya Muhoza biraje.Rwa Muhire ni urunebwe.
Imbonerahamwe y’ikinyazina mboneranteko:
Imyitozo
1. Shyira izina Murorunkwere mu nteko ya 12 maze ukore
isanisha riboneye:
Murorunkwere agira umutima mwiza.
2. Koresha ijambo marume mu nteko ya 11 usanishe n’andi
magambo mu nteruro ikurikira:
Marume yanyambuye isambu yange.
3. Andika ubwoko bw’ijambo riciyeho akarongo.
a) Ni utuhe dutebo ka Mbonigaba kaboshye?
b) Ka kana ka Matayo kagize amanota angahe?
c) Za nka zawe ni zo zituma wigira za magabo?3.7. Gera umuzinga ku wa Bugegera
Uyu mugani Abanyarwanda bawuca iyo bashaka kwigisha umuntu
ngo akurikize urugero rwiza abonana abandi; ni ho bagira bati: “Gera
umuzinga ku wa Bugegera!” Wakomotse ku mugabo wo ku Ntenyo
mu Nduga y’epfo witwa Bugegera, akaba umugaragu wa Mirenge,
umukungu w’ikirangirire bajya bakurizaho kuvuga ngo naka atunze
ibya Mirenge ku Ntenyo. Ni ahasaga umwaka wa 1700.
Mirenge uwo nguwo amaze gukungahara cyane mu Nduga yose
rubanda baramushikiraga, baza kumucaho inshuro; kandi ubwo
bukungu bwe bwakomokaga ku mizinga y’inzuki yagikaga, bituma
agira ubuki bwinshi, abafite amasaka, ingumba n’imfizi bakabimuzanira
bagatetura (kugurana ubuki). Nuko biba aho bishyize kera, wa mugabo
Bugegera w’umugaragu wa Mirenge wari umukene cyane ageretseho
no kuba yaracitse intoki z’ikiganza k’iburyo akajya yitegereza imizinga
ya Mirenge bahakura ubutitsa; azirikana n’ibintu bazanira Mirenge
bagurana. Ni ko kwigira inama ati: “Ahari nange mboshye imizinga
nkayagika ubanza namera nka Mirenge; n’aho kandi ntasa na we,
nibura nakwibeshaho!” Ati: “Inzuki Mirenge ntazifata ngo azishyire mu
mizinga ye; byongeye si n’abantu be batera ngo bazinyage bazizane mu
mizinga.”
Ni bwo atangiye aca imicundura n’akaboko kamwe k’ibumoso; mu
Nduga y’ epfo kera nta shyamba ryahabaga; hari umukenke wiganjemo
urucundura; na we Mirenge, ibiti yaboheshaga imizinga, abantu
be babikuraga mu Mayaga ku Rutabo rwa Kinazi. Bugegera amaze
kugwiza uduti twe, abwira umugore we Nyirampumbya ati: “Nshakira
amarwa meza nziyingingire umuntu wo kwa Mirenge azambohere
umuzinga, nange nzagike ndebe ko twabona ubuki bukadukiza!” Uwo
mugore we, Nyirampumbya ngo yagiraga amarwa y’iziko atangaje.
Ahera ko aracanira; umusemburo uramuhira uratumbagira, abonye
ko ushamaje yimuka ku buriri bwe ahunga umugabo we, kugira ngo
na hato batarengwaho bakawica; dore ko kera umusemburo na wo
wiraburirwaga.
Nuko Nyirampumbya yenga amarwa ngo atangaza Abanyenduga,
bose barayahururira barizihirwa. Bageze aho, Bugegera araterura
ati: “Umva bantu muteraniye aha; icyatumye mbatumira, ndasaba ko
uwamenya kuboha umuzinga yazawumbohera nkazamuhemba amarwa
arenze aya”! Abari aho barumirwa; havamo umwe w’umuhanga mu
buboshyi bw’imizinga ati: “Tutagombye kuwuboha, ngeweho ndawufite
uzaze nywuguhe”. Bugegera na Nyirampumbya babyumvise barishima
cyane babwira uwo mugabo bati: “Ntibigombera gutinda, jyana n’uyu
mwana”. Amukorera umuzinga awuzanira se.
Mu gitondo awagika mu munyinya wari imbere y’irembo rye. Amaze
kuwagika agira amahirwe winjira vuba, ugiye kwera urasizora; yenze
ubuki buratangaza buruta ubwo kwa Mirenge kure. Ababubonye
bahakana ko atari ubw’umukenke, bakeka ko ari ubw’i Bugesera
bw’igiti kitwa Urusinzagwa. Bamaze kwishimira ubuki bwa Bugegera,
bahinyura ubwo kwa Mirenge bati: “Mbese imizinga ya Mirenge yayigize
nk’iya Bugegera ikera ubuki bw’Ubusinzagwa ntibe myinshi y’ubusa!”
Nuko kuva ubwo Bugegera arakira aranezerwa akijijwe n’umuhate wo
kwigana gukora yagika akazinga ke kamwe kakarusha iyo kwa Mirenge
kwera. Ni bwo Abanyanduga babigize umuhango bakajya bigana ibifiteakamaro babonana abandi.
“Kugera umuzinga ku wa Bugegera” ni ukwigana urugero rwiza
ubonana abandi.
MINISITERI Y’URUBYIRUKO, UMUCO NA SIPORO, Ibirari by’Insigamigani, Icapirory’Ingoro y’Umurage w’u Rwanda, Igitabo cya kabiri, Icapiro rya 3, Printer set, 2005.
I. Inyunguramagambo
a) Mushake ibisobanuro by’aya magambo:
1. Ikirangirire 7. Amarwa
2. Baramushikiraga 8. Umusemburo
3. Kumucaho inshuro 9. Ushamaje
4. Imizinga 10. Wiraburirwaga
5. Ingumba 11. Araterura
6. Kwagika
b) Imyitozo ku nyunguramagambo
1. Uzurisha amagambo akurikira mu nteruro zatanzwe:
umusemburo, ubuki, yarateruye, umuvumvu, inzuki.
a) Mugabo ............................ aravuga ati: “Sinshobora kurara
ntariye inyama.”
b) Mu ifarini bashyiramo .................................. kugira ngo umugati
ubyimbe.
c) Ikigage bashyizemo............................... kitwa amarwa.
d) Nagitse umuzinga uhita winjirwamo n’......................... ubu ndi
............................ utegereje guhakura nkabona .........................
2. Uzuza iyi migani ukoresheje amagambo ukuye mu
mwandiko.
a) Uwavuga ay’...................... ubuki ntibwaribwa.
b) Igiti kimwe si...................................
c) Ntawujya mu .................................. ngo abure inkoni aca.
d) Ukurusha ......................... aba akurusha urugo.
e) Ubuze ay’iburyo akama ay’.............................
f) Ubwenge bw’....................... burayobera.
II. Ibibazo byo kumva umwandiko
Musubize ibi bibazo byabajijwe ku mwandiko mu magambo
yanyu bwite
1. Iyi mvugo “Gera umuzinga ku wa Bugegera” yaturutse he?
2. Ubukungu bwa Mirenge yabuvanye he?
3. Kugira ngo Bugegera ashobore kwibeshaho yagize ikihegitekerezo?
4. Kugira ngo Bugegera abone umubohera umuzinga yasabye iki
umugore we?
5. Kugera umuzinga ku wa Bugegera bisobanura iki?
6. Umuntu ukora umwuga wo korora inzuki bamwita ngo iki?
7. Hitamo igisubizo cy’ ukuri. Uyu mwandiko ni:
a) Inkuru
b) Igitekerezo
c) Insigamigani
d) Umugani muremure.
III. Gusesengura umwandiko.
Musubize ibi bibazo bikurikira:
1. Vuga ingingo z’ingenzi zigize uyu mwandiko.
2. Ni izihe nyigisho z’ingenzi twakwigira kuri iyi nsigamigani?
3. Ukurikije imiterere y’uyu mwandiko n’ibivugwamo, wavuga ko
insigamigani ari iki, irangwa n’iki?
IV. Kungurana ibitekerezo ku byavuzwe mu mwandiko:
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku nsanganyamatsiko zikurikira:
Insanganyamatsiko zo gutangaho ibitekerezo:
1. Ese gucika intoki z’ikiganza bikwiye gutuma umuntu asabiriza?
2. Uhereye ko Bugegera yiganye Mirenge yarangiza agakora
nk’ibye ndetse akanamurusha, bigatuma abantu bamwegukira
bakava kuri Mirenge, wavuga ko Bugegera ari umunyeshyari
mubi cyangwa wamwita umuntu uharanira kunguka ubwengeagamije kwibeshaho.
3.8. Insigamigani
1. Inshoza n’uturango by’insigamigani
– Insigamigani ni zimwe mu bice bigize Ikinyarwanda, zikaba
zaragaragariraga cyane, mu mivugire, mu migendere, mu myumvire,
mu mikorere no mu mibereho y’ubuzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.
– Ijambo insigamigani ryagendeye ku magambo abiri y’Ikinyarwanda
ari yo “gusiga” n’ “umugani”. Nk’uko amateka y’ubuvanganzo
nyarwanda abigaragaza, umugani ni ipfundo ry’amagambo atondetse
neza, akubiyemo ihame ridutoza gukora iki cyangwa se kudakora
kiriya.
– Ijambo gusiga, rikaba rishaka kuvuga kugira ikintu runaka usigira
umuryango mugari uzajya ukwibukiraho, kikaba umurage wabo
w’ibihe birebire.
– Insigamigani yo ni ahantu cyangwa se abantu babaye inkomoko
y’umugani kimwe n’ibindi abantu berekejeho ibitekerezo nk’inyamaswa,
inyoni, n’ibindi. Aha ni ho hava izina “ibirari by’insigamigani”. Bikaba
bishaka kuvuga aho ikintu cyanyuze kigana aha n’aha.
– Insigamigani rero ni amayira, amateka, amagambo, n’uburyo
imvugo yabaye umugani yadutsemo igihe iki n’iki, ahantu aha n’aha.
2. Imirangururire y’insigamigani
Barangurura insigamigani, bagaragaza aho naka yanyuzemo ubwe,
cyangwa aho Gacamigani we yahimbiye kunyuzamo ikindi yitiriye
umugani. Bati: “Umugani uyu n’uyu wakomotse kuri kanaka cyangwa
se nyiranaka”. Bakigisha cyangwa se bakibutsa imimerere yo guhimba
kwe, ishobora kumera nk’iya wa wundi wa mbere bakurijeho.
Dore mbese nk’umugani baca bagira ngo “Arimo Gishegesha ntavura”
bavuga ko wakomotse kuri Gishegesha cya Bungura wo mu Bibungo
bya Mukingo mu Nduga, na Bugabo wo mu Bugesera, ahasaga mu
wa 1600, ku ngoma ya Mibambwe Gisanura. Wamamaye kuko
Gishegesha yayoboye Abanyarwanda batera u Bugesera, agakuza
Bugabo amata mu kanwa ari bwo akigabana. Yamubereye kirogoyakuko yamunyagishije inka atarazimarana kabiri. Iyo rero amaronko
yajemo kirogoya ikayavutsa nyirayo ni bwo bagira bati: “Arimo
Gishegesha ntavura”. Ubwo baba bigana Bugabo wamaze kunyagishwa
na Gishegesha akavuga atyo, ati: “Arimo Gishegesha ntavura”.
Umukoro
Mushake izindi ngero nibura eshatu z’insigamigani mwaba muzi, muvuge
n’icyo zisobanura: mushobora kwifashisha isomero cyangwa mukabazaabantu bakuru.
3.9. Dore umunyana
Dore umunyana weee!
Dore umunyana weee! Ntukababare
Dore umunyana weee!
1. Umunyana weee!
Uwanga u Rwanda rwacu, shenge weee,
Iyo nganji iganje shenge weee,
Uwanga u Rwanda wacu ntakatubemoDore umunyana weee!
2. Umunyana weee!
Uwanga abana bacu, shenge weee,
Iyo nganji iganje shenge weee,
Uwanga abana bacu ntakatubemo
Dore umunyana weee!
3. Umunyana weee!
Uwanga ubumwe bwacu, shenge weee,
Iyo nganji iganje shenge weee,
Uwanga ubumwe bwacu ntakatubemo
Dore umunyana weee!
4. Umunyana weee!
Uwanga Abanyarwanda, shenge weee,
Iyo nganji iganje shenge weee,
Uwanga Abanyarwanda ntakatubemoDore umunyana weee!
I. Inyunguramagambo
a) Mushake ibisobanuro by’aya magambo.
1. Umunyana 3. Inganji
2. Ntakatubemo 4. Kuganza
b) Umwitozo ku nyunguramagambo
Mukoreshe aya magambo mwubake interuro ziboneye
zumvikanisha ko mwumva icyo asobanura.
1. Umunyana 3. Inganji2. Ntakatubemo 4. Kuganza
II. Ibibazo ku mwandiko
a) Hitamo igisubizo nyacyo
1. Mu gitero cya mbere umuririmbyi avuga ko ari nde
udakwiye kutubamo?
a) Umunyana
b) U Rwanda rwacu
c) Uwanga u Rwanda rwacu
2. Ni iki gikwiye gutuma tutababara kivugwa mu
mwandiko?
a) Kubona umunyana
b) Indirimbo
c) Umubabaro
b) Subirisha yego cyangwa oya
1. Ukurikije umwandiko umunyana ni ikintu kiza ............................
2. Uwanga Abanyarwanda ntakatubemo .........................................
c) Subiza ibibazo bikurikira
1. Iyi ndirimbo ifite ibitero bingahe?
2. Ni iki umwanditsi yifuza ku muntu wanga abana?
3. Andika inyikirizo y’iyi ndirimbo.
III. Kungurana ibitekerezo no guhanga bandika
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku kibazo gikurikira:
1. Ni ryari umuntu ashobora kuririmba?3.10. Uturango tw’indirimbo
Mushake ibiranga indirimbo
Indirimbo irangwa n’injyana iryoheye amatwi n’amagambo ateye ubwuzu
ku buryo uyumva yumva yishimye.
Irangwa kandi n’ibitero bikubiyemo ibitekerezo bitandukanye
twagereranya n’ibika byo mu mwandiko usanzwe. Igira kandi n’inyikirizo
igenda igaruka.
Indirimbo irangwa n’amajwi akunze guherekezwa n’ibicurangisho
bitandukanye bituma amajwi yayo arushaho kuryohera amatwi.
Umukoro
Nimutegure indirimbo muzajya muririmba mu birori cyangwa mu masahaagenewe imyidagaduro mukurikije uturango tw’indirimbo.
Mfashe ko:
– Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zishobora kwirindwa
abantu bifata, hakoreshwa agakingirizo ku bananiwe kwifata,
abashakanye bakirinda gucana inyuma.
– Ibihe bikuru by’inshinga birimo impitagihe, indagihe n’inzagihe.
Urugero: – Abana bakina buri munsi.
– Ejo hashize abana barakinnye.
– Ku wa Gatatu utaha abana bazakina.
– Ikinyazina mbaza gifasha mu kubaza usobanuza cyangwa ushaka
kumenya umubare w’ibintu.
Urugero: Ufite imyaka ingahe? Utuye hehe? Wiga ku kihe kigo?
– Ikinyazina mboneranteko kerekana inteko izina ryashyizwemo.
Urugero: Dore ka Muhoza karaje! Muhoza yashyizwe mu mu nteko
ya 12.– Insigamigani ni imvugo yaturutse ku bikorwa by’umuntu wasize
umugani.
Urugero: Bateye Rwaserera. Bivuga gusahinda bateza imvururu.
– Indirimbo igira uturango twayo. Twavuga nk’ibitero n’inyikirizo
igenda igaruka ndetse n’injyana ipimye.3.11. Isuzuma risoza umutwe wa gatatu
Umwandiko: Ntugahe umwana ngo uranguze.
Uyu mugani bawuca iyo babonye umuntu ugiye kwitsembaho utwe
ngo akunde ashimishe uwo aha; ni bwo bamubwira bamwigisha,
bati:“Ntugahe umwana ngo uranguze!” Wakomotse ku nama Rujugira
yagiriye Sebutuku wo mu Bwanacyambwe, ahayinga umwaka wa 1700.
Ku ngoma ya Kilima Rujugira, uwo mugabo Sebutuku wari utuye i Nduba
mu Bwanacyambwe; yashatse umugore babyarana abana b’abahungu
batandatu; ntibagira umukobwa babyarana. Abana arabarera, bamaze
kuba abasore bose arabashyingira. Ngo yari afite amatungo menshi
n’abagaragu benshi.
Bukeye akoranya inshuti ze n’abavandimwe kugira ngo ahe abana
be iminani. Bamaze guterana ahamagaza abahungu be, n’abakazana
baraterana, ahamagaza inka ze zose, n’abagaragu be abigabagabanya
abana be bose. Ntiyagira icyo yisigira: ari inyarurembo, ari ingarigari
mu matungo no mu bagaragu; byose aratsemba.
Abavandimwe n’inshuti ze babibonye baramubaza bati: “Cyose
Sebutu! Ko tureba utanze ibintu byawe byose ntiwisigire na kamwe,
wowe uzatungwa n’iki?” Ati: “Abana bange bazantunga nk’uko
nange nabatunze; ati: “Ko nabatunze ari batandatu, bo bazananirwa
kuntunga ndi umwe? Kandi ibyantungaga ari bo mbihaye nta na kimwe
ngeruyeho?” Abandi bati: “Ngaha tuzaba tureba uko bizagenda.”
Bungamo bati: “Icyakora ni bwo bwa mbere tubona ibi!” Barikubura
barataha; ariko bataha bamugaye.
Abana rero bamaze guhabwa iminani yabo muri byose, baraterana
bajya inama y’uburyo bazatunga se. Bemeranya ko bazajya bakuranwa
gufata igihe bazana amata n’ibindi byose bitunga abantu.
Ubwo habanza mukuru wabo; atanga abafatagihe n’amata amutunga,
ndetse n’imyaka n’amayoga y’iminsi yose rugeretse! Babigira batyo
bakuranwa kugeza ku muhererezi wabo. Bamaze guhetura, haba
hatahiwe mukuru wabo. Yiyibagiza amasezerano ya barumuna be
yanga kohereza ibitunga se.
Sebutuku ategereza ingemu araheba. Arahaguruka ajya kubaza
icyatumye bamurangarana. Arabateranya ati: “Mwangenje mute
ko ngiye kwicwa n’inzara?” Abatanu bamubwira ko hari hatahiwe
mukuru wabo, bati: “Ni we wakurangaranye”. Sebutuku amubaza
icyabimuteye. Umuhungu aramwihorera. Sebutuku abwira barumuna
be ati: “Nimumwihorere muntunge nzajya kumurega ibwami.” Abandi
bati: “Nta bwo twamucaho ari we wari utahiwe!”
Nuko Sebutuku biramushobera, arikubura arataha. Ageze iwe
inzara iramurembya n’umugore we nyina wa ba bana, ndetse kuva
ubwo bamukubita amaso bakareba hasi. Abavandimwe ba Sebutuku
barabibona, baramubwira bati: “Tutakikubwira!” Noneho bashaka
ibimutunga, bamuha n’abagaragu bamuherekeza ajya ibwami kurega
abahungu be.
Ahaguruka iwe i Nduba ya Bwanacyambwe, asanga Kilima i Ntora.
Ageze ibwami akoma yombi, ati: “Nyayasani mfite abana batandatu.
Narabubakiye mbegurira ibyange byose, dusezerana kuntunga, none
banyicishije inzara kandi narabareze ari batandatu; bananiwe kundera
ndi umwe.”
Ibwami babaza Sebutuku bati: “Wabahaye ibyawe byose ntiwisigira
inyarurembo?” Undi ati: “Nabeguriye ibyange byose, ngira ngo
bazantunge nk’uko nange nabatunze.”
Abari aho bose baseka Sebutuku; bati: “Kabishywe upfuye bene ako
kageni ; ni wowe wiyishe.” Bati: “Nka nde wundi wabibonanye, kuva nakera mu bakubanjirije batanze iminani?” Bati: “Ni nde wabonye yiyaka
ibintu bye byose akabyegurira abana agasigara ubusa!”
Nuko Sebutuku abura icyo abasubiza arataha. Amaze kwikubura
Cyilima ntiyanyurwa, atumiza abana be n’abagaragu n’inka z’iminani
yabo. Bene Sebutuku bageze ibwami, berekana amatungo se yabahaye.
Kilima ategeka abatware be ati: “Nimugabanye Sebutuku n’abana be,
umwana wese mumuhe inka munani n’abagaragu munani, ibisagutse
byose Sebutuku abyegukaneho ingarigari.” Abwira abari aho bose
bakuru ati: “Ntihazagire ukora ibyo Sebutuku yakoze, ngo najya guha
abana aranguze.”
Kuva ubwo umugani uhama utyo mu Rwanda, uturutse ku iteka Kilima
Rujugira yaciriye kuri Sebutuku. Umugani na wo wamamara mu
Rwanda uturutse ku ijambo Rujugira yabwiye abakuru, ati: “Mubyeyiwabyaye, ntugahe umwana ngo uranguze”.
“Kuranguza: Kwikuraho byose ugasigara amara masa.”
MINISITERI Y’URUBYIRUKO, UMUCO NA SIPORO, Ibirari by’Insigamigani, Icapiro
ry’Ingoro y’Umurage w’u Rwanda, Igitabo cya kabiri, Icapiro rya 3, Printer set, 2005.
I. Inyunguramagambo
1. Kora interuro wifashishije aya magambo ukoresheje
inyito afite mu mwandiko:
a) Iteka
b) Bene ako kageni
2. Andika impuzanyito z’amagambo akurikira:
a) Ikibondo
b) Bamurangarana
3. Uzurisha izi nteruro amagambo ari mu mwandiko.
a) Abatajya ......................... babeshywa byinshi.
b) Sebutuku yatanze byose ntiyisigira ..........................
c) Iyo utunze ......................... nyinshi ni zo zigukamirwa.4. Sobanura izi nshoberamahanga:
a) Kwicinya icyara
b) Amaguru ayabangira ingata
5. Tondeka aya matsinda y’amagambo maze areme
interuro ziboneye, kandi uzandike witondeye utwatuzo
badutoje kutandavura – kuko ntakiza badukinze – kurangwa
n’ubutwari n’ubwitonzi – nshime abatubyaye – ngo dukenkemure
igihugu cyacu – mumpe urubuga.
II. Kumva umwandiko
1. Muri uyu mwandiko haravugwamo ba nde?
2. Uyu mugabo Sebutuku aragawa iki?
3. Ni iyihe mpamvu yatumye Sebutuku ajya kuregera umwami
abahungu be?
4. Ni irihe teka umwami Cyilima Rujugira yaciye kubera Sebutuku?
5. Umwami Cyilima Rujugira yaciye ate urubanza rwa Sebutuku?
III. Ikibonezamvugo
1. Amagambo aciyeho akarongo ni bwoko ki?
a) Uriya mwana we arakora iki hariya?
b) Urabikura hehe? Aho mbikura ni nge uhazi
c) Muri aba bana uwawe ni uwuhe?
d) Mbega ngo rwa Semuhanuka ruritwara nabi!
2. Tanga ingero z’interuro ebyirebyiri wakoreshejemo ikinyazina
mbaza n’ikinyazina mboneranteko.
3. Shyira inshinga y’iyi nteruro mu nzagihe
Mfite akana.
IV. Ubuvanganzo
1. Insigamigani ni iki?
2. Tanga urugero rw’insigamigani ebyiri waba uzi.3. Indirimbo irangwa n’iki?