General
UNIT 10:CLIMATE CHANGES
TOPIC 1 Describing Climate Change
Activity 10.1.1 (READING)
Read the following text.
Our world is now changing. The seasons are changing. We can notice that we
feel too hot. The temperatures are rising; therefore the earth is getting warmer.
There are more droughts. These cause famine because crops dry and animals
have no water to drink. The sea ice is melting. Sea levels are rising which causes
floods in low lying areas at the coasts. Rain patterns are changing. This makes it
hard to determine when to plant crops. The major cause of these changes is globalwarming. This is the general increase in the average temperatures of the earth.
Activity 10.1.2
Answer the following questions.
1. What is global warming?
2. Is the climate changing? Which facts indicate how climate has changed?
3. Are the sea levels rising?
4. What would happen if the sea levels were not rising?
Activity 10.1.3 (WORKING TOGETHER)
What problems has climate change caused to the world?
Activity 10.1.4Answer by making sentences from the table below:
Give a title to the text above.
Activity 10.1.5Look at the pictures and match them with the captions below.
TOPIC 2 Describing The Causes of Climate Changes
Activity 10.2.1 (READING)
Read this poem.
We need to cook,
We need to make furniture,
We need electricity.
And so we are burning too much wood.
A cause of climate change.
We need places to stay,
We need medicines,
We need places to construct factories.
And so we are cutting down too many trees,A cause of climate change.
We need factories,
We need industries,
They produce attractive goods.
And so they are polluting so much of the environment.A cause of climate change.
Activity 10.2.2 (WORKING TOGETHER)
Discuss with a partner.
1. Recite the poem to your partner.
2. What is the poem about?
3. What needs are presented in stanza 1?
4. What needs are presented in stanza 2?
5. What needs are presented in stanza 3?
6. What are the causes of climate change?
• Polluting so much of the …………………
• We are cutting down too many …………….
• We are burning too much…………….
7. What is the importance of factories and industries? Write a short note on
the importance of factories and industries.8. Agree on a title for the poem.
Answer the Riddle
If I drink I die; if I eat, I’m fine. Who am I?
Activity 10.2.3
Draw pictures to represent the main idea in each stanza.
TOPIC 3 Describing Our Responsibilities
To avoid more climate changes, we must fulfil our responsibilities.
Activity 10.3.1 (LISTENING)
• Listen to the teacher reading to you the text about climate change.
• Pay attention to the use of ‘must’ and ‘mustn’t’ and determiners such as‘less’, ‘so much’, ‘fewer’, less and ‘many’, ‘more’.
Climate changes
We don’t want our earth to die because of climate changes. Without fish
swimming, birds flying in the air, fresh air to breathe, water to drink and crops
to eat, we will die. To stop all of this, we must fulfil our responsibilities.
We must switch to renewable energy sources, like solar power. Let’s therefore
talk to our families, schools and communities, to change by installing solar
panels, solar heaters or even use wind turbines.
We must use less energy. Let’s unplug all electric devices which are not in
use, so we can use less energy. Don’t leave cell phones chargers, televisions,
radios plugged, in if you’re not using them.
We must reduce the use of cars, trucks, air planes. These pollute the environment
with the gas they give off. Let’s walk, take a bicycle, or a school bus. Don’t use
a car everywhere that you want to go to.
We mustn’t use a lot of water. Let’s always turn the water off whenever we are
not using it. Do not let rain water be wasted. Store it for future use.
We must reduce rubbish. Let’s reduce the rubbish like, bottles, cans, papers by
reusing, or recycling them so that they can be remade into new products. Don’t
buy new things you won’t use and don’t use polythene papers as packaging.
Use less packaging.
We must cut down fewer trees. Let’s save some trees in our areas to work as
wind breakers and give us shade. If possible, don’t cut down any trees.
We must plant more trees. Let’s always plant trees in our schools, communities
and compounds. Whenever we cut one tree, let’s plant two more trees.
We must burn less wood. Let’s reduce on the use of charcoal for cooking. We
can use biogas for cooking and solar power.
Change starts now. We must go and tell everyone about it. Let’s use attractive
posters, give presentations that explain how people’s actions can cause andreduce climate changes.
Activity 10.3.2 (WORKING TOGETHER)
In your groups, discuss the responsibilities that we have to undertake to reduce
climate changes. Each group member individually writes the responsibilities he/she
can remember and then shares the secret answers with the other group members.
Activity 10.3.3 (WRITING)
Write them down using must or mustn’t and the determiners (less, so much,
fewer, less and many) on a well decorated poster. Leave some space on theposter for later use.
Activity 10.3.4Now make sentences from the table below:
TOPIC 4 Making Suggestions
Activity 10.4.1 (LISTENING)
Listen again to the teacher reading to you a text about climate change. Pay
attention to the use of ‘let’s’ and determiners like ‘more’, ‘fewer’, ‘less’, ‘so
many’, ‘so much’.
Activity 10.4.2 (WORKING TOGETHER)
Get into your groups and secretly write down what you heard about the use of
‘let’s’.
Activity 10.4.3
Share your ideas with your group. Write all your answers together on a paper.You can add ideas you think are new that were not in the text.
Activity 10.4.4
Construct sentences using ‘let’s’ and determiners. For example: Let’s recycle
more rubbish. Let’s cut down fewer trees.
• Share your answers with the whole class.
Activity 10.4.5 (WRITING)
Write them in the space you left on your poster about must and mustn’t. Leave
more space.
Answer the RiddleWhat is at the end of ‘planting’?
TOPIC 5 Prohibiting
Activity 10.5.1
Listen again to the teacher reading the text about climate change. Pay attentionto the use of ‘don’t’ and determiners (less, so much, fewer, less and many).
Activity 10.5.2 (WORKING TOGETHER)
Get into groups and discuss the sentences that express things that you’re not
allowed to do in order to protect your environment. Then write them down.
• Remember to use determiners. You can think of more prohibitions.
For example: 1. Don’t cut down trees.
2. Cut down fewer trees.
3. Burn less wood.
Activity 10.5.3
Add your findings to the poster.
Activity 10.5.4Pin your poster where everyone can see it.
Activity 10.5.5 (WRITING)
Write a simple text expressing the dangers of climate change. Remember to
use determiners of quantity.Common word endings and families.
• Practise the following words.
Glossary (Meaning of New Words)
Administration : The management of any office, business or organization;
direction.
Airport : A place where planes land and take off
Airstrip : A strip of ground set aside for the take-off and landing of aircraft.
Apologize : To express regret for something that one has done wrong.
Attractive : Something pleasing or appealing to the senses.
Axe : A tool for cutting down wood.
Bank : An institution where one can keep/borrow money.
Bar : A box in a graph of different heights, with each box representing
a different value or category of data and the heights representing
frequencies.
Block : A group of buildings with roads on each side.
Build : To form something by combining materials or parts.
Burn : To be consumed by fire.
Bus : A motor vehicle for transporting a large number of passenger via
roads.
Capital : The city or town that functions as the seat of government and
administrative centre of a country or religion.
Car : A road vehicle, typically with four wheels, powered by an internalcombustion
engine and able to carry a small number of people.
Carnivore : Any animal that eats meat as the main part of its diet.
Cattle : Animals of a group related to domestic cattle, including yak,
bison and buffaloes.
City : A large settlement bigger than a town.
Classroom : A room in which a class of pupils or students is taught.
Climate : Weather conditions in a place over a long period of time
Cloudy : Covered with clouds.
Cold : Having a low temperature; lacking warmth
Collect : To gather together.
Confident : Very sure of something.
Crossroads : A place where two roads meet and cross each other.
Crop : A natural production from a farm or garden.
Cultivation : The action of cultivating land or the state of being cultivated.
Debate : An argument, or discussion, usually in an ordered or formal
setting.
Destroy : To end the existence of (something) by damaging or attacking it.
Drought : A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a
shortage of water.
East : A cardinal point of the compass to the right of north.
Export : To send goods/services to another country for sale.
Fearful : Feeling or showing fear or anxiety.
Few : A small number of (something).
Floods : Overflow of water from lakes or other body of water due to
excessive rainfall or other input of water.
Fly : To travel through the air.
Friendly : Generally warm, approachable and easy to relate with.
Furniture : Movable items used to make a room suitable for living or working
in, such as tables, chairs, stools, desks, beds, etc.
Generous : Showing a readiness to give more of something.
Global warming : A gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth‘s
atmosphere generally attributed to the green house effect
caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, CFCs and other
pollutants.
Growl : The deep threatening sound made in the throat by an animal; thesound made by a hungry stomach.
Hard : Requiring a lot of effort to do or understand.
Harvest : Gathered crops or fruits.
Health : Being free from any illness or injury.
Hemisphere : A half of the celestial sphere.
Herbivore : An organism that feeds on plants.
Highway : A public road especially an important road that joins cities or
towns together.
Hoe : A tool used for digging consisting of a long handle with a flat
blade.
Honest : Free of deceit, truthful and sincere
Horizontal : At right angles to the vertical; parallel to the level ground.
Hot : Having a high temperature; giving off heat
Howl : To make a loud, prolonged mournful cry, as that of a dog or wolf.
Humble : Not proud or arrogant.
Ice : Water in solid form; frozen.
Import : To bring goods/services from another country for sale.
Intelligent : Having good understanding or showing intelligence of a high level.
Jewellery : Collectively personal ornamentation
Join : To put or come together.
Junction : A place where roads come together.
Lightning : A bright flash of light which accompanies thunder
Market : A place where goods are sold.
Melt : To make or become liquified by heating or warmth.
Next : Physically close.
North : A cardinal point of the compass lying in the plane of the meridian
and the left of a person facing the rising sun.
Obedient : Willing to comply with an order or request.
Omnivore : An animal or person that eats a variety of food of both plant and
animal origin.
Opposite : Located directly across from something else.
Population : The number of people living in a place.
Post Office : A place concerned with the delivering of letters or mails and
selling stamps.
Rainy : Having or characterized by considerable rainfall.
Ride : To transport by means of a motor cycle or bicycle.
Rise : Come or bring up.
Sail : To commute by water means.
Sea : The expanse of salt water that covers most of the earth’s surface
and surrounds its land masses.
Shelter : A place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger.
Skinny : Having little flesh and fat.
Snowy : Covered with snow
South : A cardinal point of the compass lying directly opposite North.
Stormy : Affected by storm
Sunny : Weather with a lot of sunshine.
Support : To keep from falling.
Transport : To carry or bear from one place to another.
Travel : To be on journey.
Trouble : A dangerous situation.
Vertical : Being in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the horizon;
upright.
Weather : The state of the atmosphere with respect to wind, temperature,
cloudiness, moisture and pressure.
West : A cardinal point of compass 900 to the left when facing north,
corresponding to the point where the sun is seen to set.
Windy : Characterised by wind.
Wood : middle part of a tree which can be used as firewood.
X- axis : It is the horizontal line on the Cartesian plane.
Y- axis : It is the vertical line on the Cartesian plane.
Zoo : An area in which animals, especially wild animals are kept sothat people can go and look at them.