Physical Education and Sports

5.1. Key unit competence

After this unit, learners will be able to refine defensive and offensive basketball

techniques in various game situations and adhere to rules of the game.

5.2. Prerequisite knowledge and skills

Learners of senior three will learn better basketball if they can use different defensive

and offensive basketball techniques in various game situations, apply basic rule, state

and explain different offensive and defensive techniques and strategies.

5.3. Cross - cutting issues to be addressed

Gender education

In teaching and learning process, prepare and provide physical activities that engage

both girls and boys to exploit their full potential and talents without any discrimination

or prejudice.

Inclusive education

Consider different special education needs and select activities to adapt teaching

approaches to all learners. This creates a positive attitude and helps all learners to

participate actively and develop their competence levels.

Financial education

Integrate Financial Education into teaching/learning activity by providing the local

and no cost teaching material where possible. Encourage learners to make their own

materials that can help them to develop competences not only in sport but also in their

daily life.

Standardization culture

Choose and select the standardized materials to use in teaching/learning process .It is

necessary to provide appropriate materials required to the levels of learners and help 

them to develop culture of checking the quality of sport materials before their use to

prevent injuries and other accident.

Environment and sustainability

Provide materials and deliver the lesson with encouraging learners to protect the

environment and well use of materials. Help them to develop fair play and avoiding

violence in the game.

Peace and values education

Help learners to develop fair play and avoiding violence and conflict in the game by

setting clear and relevant instructions. Provide activities that help learners to develop

their competence peacefully.

Comprehensive sexuality education

Provides physical activities and sets instructions that prevent sexual harassment, any

kind of gender based violence like sexual abuse and “bad touches”.

5.4. List of lessons and assessment

Lesson 1: Basketball tactics and techniques in attack

a. Prerequisites

Learners of senior three will learn better basketball techniques and tactics in attack if

they can perform basketball skills adhering to rules.

b. Teaching resources

Playground, basketballs, whistles, cones, equipment, chasubles (pinny), trees, rim.

c. Introduction

Opening discussions

Ask questions related to basketball techniques and tactics in attack and their importance

to player

Warm-up activities

Let learners to make two rows and perform exercises of activating the body by jogging

around the ground with maintaining a medium speed. Warming up specifically with

balls in group.

Ask one of them to lead systematic stretching exercises.

d. Lesson development

This lesson comprises techniques and tactics of attack in basketball.

For each technique and tactic:

• Show learners how to execute the basic skills

• Let learners to practice based on instructions, materials and provide necessary

support

• Control how learners perform attack with tactics and techniques.

Techniques of passing and receiving the ball

• Pushing the ball according to the receiver’s position

• Catching the ball according to the height and speed

Techniques of dribbling the ball

• Maintain standing position with wide stance of feet

• Bounce the ball in regular distance of the body

• Keep your head up and eyes forward

• Manipulate the ball with left or right hand

                                    Picture of dribble in movement, zigzag

Techniques of shooting a ball

• Keep position and maintain body balance

• Hold the ball in the correct way

• Keep eyes on the target

• Release the ball according to the target

Individual tactics in attack

• Taking and maintain triple treat position ready to pass, shoot or dribble

• Using player’s body gestures

• Keep head up and eyes on opponent and teammates

• Move on respective position accordingly 

Teaching triple treat position

• Feet spacing

• Bend the knees

• Heap up

• Use correct pivot feet

Collective tactics in attack

• Move on the court to create free space

• Cooperate with teammates in offensive strategies

• Change direction according to offensive system 

Cool-down activities

Let learners to march on the ground relaxing , arms and legs with moving in different

direction together and swing the arms alternatively forward and backward according

to teacher’s signals.

e. Assessment

Final discussion

Reflect

What do you do to play a fair game?

Connect

What are other conditions that need techniques and tactics?

Apply

How will you use learnt techniques and tactics in your life to serve the society

Lesson 2: Basketball tactics and techniques in defense

a. Prerequisites

Learners of senior three will learn better this lesson if they can perform basketball skills

adhering to rules.

b. Teaching resources

Playground, basketballs, whistles, cones, equipment, chasubles (pinny), trees, rim.

c. Introduction

Opening discussions

Ask questions related to basketball techniques and tactics in defense

Warm-up activities

Let learners make two rows and perform exercises of activating the body by jogging

around the ground with maintaining a medium speed. Warm up specifically with balls in

groups. Ask one of them to lead systematic stretching exercises.

d. Lesson development

This lesson comprises techniques and tactics of defense in basketball and rules

For each technique and tactic

• Show learners how to execute the basic skills

• Let learners to practice based on instructions, materials and provide necessary

support

• Let learners discuss on rules and you provide correct explanations

• Control how learners perform basketball defense with techniques and tactics

Techniques of defending the opponent with the ball

• Take the position according to opponent with the ball

• Target the ball and maintain the body balance

• Defend between the ball and the basket wide

Tactics of defending the opponent without the ball

• Orient one hand toward the ball and other hand toward the opponent

• Prevent the opponent to receive or have the ball

• Keep eyes on the opponent to the outside, toward the sideline and keeping him

away from the lane 

Techniques of moving in defense

• Make steps when sliding in defensive movement

• Move according to the opponent action

• Execute defensive rebound

5.5. Additional information for teachers

BASKET BALL BASIC RULES

1. To shoot the basketball through the hoop as often as possible

• Each time this happens 2 points will be added to your team’s score.

• 3 Points will be awarded if the basketball is shot from outside the three-point line.

• 1 point will be awarded if the basket is shot from the free-throw line.

2. Each team has a maximum of 5 players on the court at any time. Substitutes are made

by the Coach to replace players on the court. They are substituted or subbed-off.

This can only be done at certain times in the game and the referee will let you know

when it is ok. This can take place as often as the coach likes.

3. The team who has control of the basketball is on offence. The team without the ball

is on defense. Both parts of the game are equally important. Teams on defense are

trying to stop the offence from shooting a hoop. The defense should always try to

stay between the basket and the players they are guarding.

4. There are two ways for the ball to be moved up the court on offence , by dribbling

the ball, which is by bouncing the ball with one hand only on it, or by passing it to

another of your team members. Passing is a lot faster and ensures all team members

enjoy the fun of the game.

5. While stationary (not passing or dribbling) the player holding the ball must always

keep one of their feet on the floor, this is called the pivot foot. Players can only lift

their foot if they wish to dribble, pass or shoot the ball. The pivot foot can twist but

must remain in contact with the floor and in the same place. If players move their

foot / feet without dribbling, passing or shooting they are penalized and the ball

given to the other team, this is called travel.

6. The ball must stay within the court of play (inside sidelines and baselines); otherwise

it goes to the other team.

7. No player may contact an opposition team member; this is called a foul. If a foul

takes place while a player is shooting for a basket, the shooter is given free shots

from the free-throw line.

• If the basket (while being fouled) is scored, 2 points are awarded and 1 free-throw

is taken.

• If the basket misses. 2 free-throws are given.

• If a player receives 5 fouls during a game they must leave the court and can take

no more part in the game

8. Duration: Generally in junior and senior competition a game is made up of four

quarters of ten minutes each.

9. Timeouts: A time-out is an interruption of the game requested by the coach or

assistant coach to talk to their players; When a timeout is called players must hurry

to the sideline to talk with their coach. Each time-out shall last 1 minute.

Each team may be granted:

• •2 time-outs during the first half,

• •3 time-outs during the second half with a maximum of 2 of these time-outs in

the last 2 minutes of the second half,

• •1 time-out during each extra period.

Note: Unused time-outs may not be carried over to the next half or extra period.

10.Rebounding: Players should assume that every basket shot will miss. Getting

possession of the ball after a missed shot is called a rebound. When 2 players get

possession of the ball at the same time this is called a jump ball. A jump ball starts

the beginning of a game and after half time.

FOULS AND VIOLATIONS IN BASKETBALL

1. Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.

Hitting, Pushing , Slapping , Holding

Illegal pick/screen: when an offensive player is moving. When an offensive player

sticks out a limb and makes physical contact with a defender in an attempt to block

the path of the defender.

2. Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two

free throws if his shot doesn’t go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.

Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a threepoint goal and they miss their shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point

shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one free throw. Thus, he could score four

points on the play.

3. Inbounds: If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was

committed upon. They get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds,

and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court.

4. One and one: If the team committing the foul has seven or more fouls in the game,

then the player who was fouled is awarded one free throw. If he makes his first shot,

then he is awarded another free throw.

5. Ten or more fouls: If the team committing the foul has ten or more fouls, then the

fouled player receives two free throws.

6. Charging: An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a

defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was committed upon.

7. Blocking: Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not

establishing position in time to prevent an opponent’s drive to the basket.

8. Flagrant foul: Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking,

and punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining

possession of the ball after the free throws.

9. Intentional foul: When a player makes physical contact with another player with no

reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.

10.Technical foul: A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does not

involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the manners of the game.

Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing can be considered

a technical foul, as can technical details regarding filling in the scorebook

improperly or dunking during warm-ups.

Violations

1. Walking/Traveling: Taking more than a step and a half without dribbling the ball is

traveling. Moving your pivot foot once you’ve stopped dribbling is traveling.

2. Carrying/palming: When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of

or, sometimes, even under the ball.

3. Double Dribble: Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or

picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble.

4. Held ball: Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball

at the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle, the referee

stops the action and awards the ball to one team or the other on a rotating basis. 

5. Goaltending: If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it is on the way down

toward the basket, while it is on the way up toward the basket after having touched

the backboard, or while it’s in the cylinder above the rim, it is goaltending and the

shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it is a violation and the ball is

awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in.

6. Backcourt violation: Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line,

they cannot go back across the line during possession. If they do, the ball is awarded

to the other team to pass inbounds.

7. Time restrictions: A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball.

If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions

include the rule that a player cannot have the ball for more than five seconds when

being closely guarded and, in some states and levels, shot-clock restrictions requiring

a team to attempt a shot within a given time frame.

5.6. End unit assessment

• Organize basketball competition between teams and assess learners’ abilities to

apply basketball techniques and tactics such as pass, receive, shoot, moves, body

gestures and team collaboration.

• Let them refereeing the match and observe the respect of basketball rules

5.7. Additional activities

• Reduce rules for slow learners and allow them to play the ball regularly

• Organize competitions between small groups and choose their own referees

• Organize competition between classes and forming school teams and participate

in interschool competitions and refereeing matches.