Healthy diet for disease prevention
You could prevent certain diseases by eating white meats. White meats include fish,
turkey, duck, goose, chicken and rabbit. Red meats include beef, lamb, pork, veal, venison
and goat.
Red meat is a source of protein and vitamins but it may not be good for health. Eating a
lot of red meat increases the risk of bowel cancer as research has shown. You should enjoy
white meat and
reap the benefits it brings; try fish.
Fish has vitamins and minerals and it’s a major
source of omega-3 fatty acids. Consuming fish
regularly can help reduce the risk of heart disease.
It also improves your chances of survival following
a heart attack. Fish lowers the levels of fats in the
blood. Raised levels of fats in blood are associated
with heart diseases. Fish oils also help reduce blood
clotting and abnormal heart rhythms after a heart attack
To add on to this, eating fish can lower the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease leads to weakening of the brain’s ability to remember things. Fatty acids found in
fish may prevent damage to brain cells.
Further, eating fish can reduce the risk of high blood pressure, which is linked to
dementia. Dementia causes forgetfulness.
Importantly, fish has cancer-fighting properties. Men who do not eat fish are at a
higher risk of developing prostate cancer. Researchers have ascertained this. This risk is
low among heavy consumers of fish. Shellfish contains nutrients thought to have cancer-
fighting ability.
Moreover, it has been reported that fish can help to ease depression.
Further, eating fish can reduce and relieve arthritis. Research has shown that heavy
consumers of fish have low rates of inflammatory conditions like arthritis. Studies have
also shown that fish oil reduces symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
Finally, eating fish can smoothen age lines. Choose white meat today.
Answer the following questions.
1. Working in groups, identify all the diseases mentioned in the passage.
Discuss what all these diseases are.
2. Match the words in the table with their meanings in choices a-h.
a) intestines, especially the large intestines
b) systematic investigation to collect information
c) get the advantages
d) eating
e) any sickness that affects the heart
f) the fact of a person continuing to exist
g) the turning of blood into a thick solid
h) harm/hurt/injury
3. Which combinations of meats in the following choices should one eat?
A. chicken, pork, beef, venison, vea,l turkey
B. rabbit, pork, goose, chicken, fish, duck
C. fish, duck, goose, lamb, goat
D. rabbit, goose, chicken, fish
4. Which title among the following best summarises the passage?
A. healthy eating and living
B. meat for life
C. Avoiding common illnesses
D. The white meat advantage
5. List the white meats mentioned in this passage.
6. Eating fish can help prevent ............, which affects the brain.
7. In point form list down the benefits of eating fish.
8. Would eating white meat alone ensure you are in perfect health? Give reasons
for your answer.
9. Young people today are hooked on junk food. What do you think are the effects
of eating junk food?
1. Some young people do not eat because they would like to be small-bodied. Carry out
a research on eating disorders from the library, biology books or the internet if you are
connected to it. Find out what diseases can be caused by eating too little.
2. Imagine most of the Rwandan population was obese. How would this affect our country?
Think about this
1. There are some religious groups that do not believe in taking their children to hospital.
Have you ever heard or witnessed this? Discuss the results of such a belief.
2. How can good health affect our economy?
3. Debate the motion, ‘Prevention is better than cure’.
C. Language use
First conditional and modal verbs
For example:
1.If the child is not vaccinated, he will suffer from polio.
2. If I don’t eat enough vegetables, I will suffer from vitamin-deficiency diseases.
3. If I don’t sleep under a treated net, I will suffer from malaria.
4. If I don’t drink clean water, I will suffer from water borne diseases.
5. If I do not eat enough potatoes, I will suffer from lack of energy.
Copy the following sentences in your exercise book and then underline the modal verbs and the first conditional.
1. If the child is not vaccinated, he will suffer from polio.
2. If I don’t eat enough vegetables, I will suffer from vitamin-deficiency diseases.
3. If I don’t sleep under a treated net, I will suffer from malaria.
4. If I don’t use clean water for drinking and cooking, I will suffer from water borne diseases.
5. If I do not eat enough potatoes, I will suffer from lack of energy.
Complete the following sentences correctly.
1. Unless you are vaccinated .................................................
2. If you eat contaminated food ............................................
3. If you share sharp objects ..................................................
4. If you don’t empty containers around the compound ...................
5. Unless you cut long grasses ............................................................
6. Unless the doctor operates on his bitten foot ..............................
7. If they continue using dirty water ..................................................
8. If they get malaria .........................................................................
9. If you are coughing .........................................................................
10. Unless you go to hospital ...............................................................
11. Unless the government builds more hospitals ..............................
12. If the doctor doesn’t see him ........................................................
13. If the child keeps crying .................................................................
14. If you eat unripe fruits ...................................................................
15. If cholera breaks out ......................................................................
What will you do if:
1. You catch a cold?
2. You contract HIV?
3. You wear wet clothes?
4. You cut yourself?
5. A friend faints?
6. A friend is choking?
Using ‘You can ... by + -ing’ and ‘You should ... by + -ing’
We can use the construction You can + by + ing to talk about prevention of diseases.
For example:
1. You can prevent malaria by sleeping under a bed net.
2. You can prevent cholera by boiling drinking water.
3. You can prevent HIV/AIDS by abstaining from sex.
We can also use You should ... by + -ing to talk about prevention of diseases and diet.
For example:
1. You should avoid typhoid fever by eating clean and well-cooked foods.
2. You should protect yourself from disease by eating a balanced diet.
3. You should lower your chances of having a heart attack by eating fish and exercising.
a) Complete the following sentences correctly.
1. You can avoid polio by.......................................
2. You can avoid tooth decay..................................
3. You should avoid obesity by...............................
4. You should prevent choking by...........................
5. You can avoid diphtheria and whooping cough by...............
6. You should avoid suffocating in the kitchen by.........................
7. You should avoid food poisoning by...................................................
Make correct sentences from the table below.
D. Writing
In Unit 5, we learnt about planning to write a composition. Revisit the writing section of
Unit 5 and discuss how you can plan your writing
Practice Exercise 6
Imagine you are a doctor and there are parents of a certain child who do not believe in
having their child vaccinated. Unfortunately, they are poor and cannot afford a balanced
diet for their child. The child becomes sick and has to be admitted to hospital. They end up
spending more money for not having the child vaccinated. Plan and write a composition
on the topic, “Prevention is better than cure”. Give advice to these parents using the
construction You + can + -ing.
Research problem
Carry out research on your own on malaria. You can use your biology books, the library if
available, or the internet if you are connected to it.
Write your report using the following sub-headings:
a) types of malaria
b) symptoms
c) treatment
d) prevention
E . Little laughter
TEACHER: School books are a magic car that will take you all over the world.
PUPIL: Then I must take mine to the garage and have them fitted with seat belts!