UMUTWE WA 9 UBUKORONI
UBUSHOBOZI BW’INGENZI BUGAMIJWE
- Gusesengura ikinamico, ivuga ku ngaruka z’ubukoroni agaragaza ingingo ziwukubiyemo n’uturango twayo.
- Guhanga no gukina ikinamico.
IGIKORWA CY’UMWINJIZO
Ushingiye ku bumenyi ufite, sobanura mu magambo yawe bwite ubukoroni icyo ari cyo, unavuge ibibi n’ibyiza ubukoroni bwagize ku Banyarwanda no ku Banyafurika muri rusange.
IX.1. Umwandiko: Abatanye badatata barasubiranye
Umugabo Gamariyeri, yabyirutse yitwa Ruhakana. Koko ngo: “Izina ni ryo muntu”, Ruhakana ntiyajyaga imbizi n’umukoroni. Yarafunzwe amara igihe kirekire mu buroko, avuyemo akomeza igitekerezo cyo kwanga ubukoroni. Ageze iwe, ntiyahamaze iminsi, yahise ajya gushaka umusaza Rumashana ngo wenda yamugira inama, akamenya neza uko yarwanya abakoronije Abanyarwanda noneho bakaba mu bwigenge. Kurikirana uko byamugendekeye amaze kugera kwa Rumashana, akongera gufatwa n’abasirikari b’abakoroni. Iteka Ruhakana yahoranaga ishyaka ryo kurwanya ingoma y’ubukoroni, ariko aza kubona ari wenyine ati: “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”.
Abakinnyi:
Ruhakana Gamariyeri: Umugabo w’igikwerere, utumvikana n’umuntu wese ushyigikiye ubukoroni.
Rumashana: Umusaza w’iminkanyari mu ruhanga warwanye intambara y’Abamayimayi muri Tanzaniya n’iy’Abamawumawu muri Kenya. Ubu asigaye ari inararibonye mu mateka y’abakoroni, ariko agira inama abato kunga ubumwe no guharanira kwigira.
Nyirashiku: Umugore wa Ruhakana ugaragara nk’umukecuru washajishijwe n’imirimo ya gikoroni yakoranaga imbaraga nyinshi.
Umusirikare mukuru w’umuzungu: Ucunga umutekano atavuga menshi.
Padiri Dipo: Umupadiri w’umukoroni waturutse mu Budage ushaka kunga abasirikare n’abaturage no kubiba amahoro abinyujije mu myemerere ya gikirisitu.
Kabirigi/ Mwene Kabirigi: Izina bitaga umuzungu uwo ari we wese bavuga ko ari Umubirigi.
Kanyarufunzo: Umwana wa Rumashana wahimbwe izina ry’Umurundi, wabaga mu rufunzo na we utarakozwaga iby’abakoroni.
Natanayeri: Wemeye akayoboka idini rya gikirisitu, akaba yumvikana na Padiri Dipo.
Turikubwigenge: Umusore ukunda iby’amateka. Atanga ingero nyinshi, afatiye kubahanga mu mateka.
Abasore n’abakobwa b’abaririmbyi: Basusurutsa abaje mu gitaramo.
Abagabo n’abagore: Indorerezi.
Umuseruko wa mbere
Ruhakana, Nyirashiku
(Uyu museruko uratangirira mu rugo rwa Ruhakana).
Ruhakana: Nyirashi, ubona koko ntari nzize amaherere. Harya ngo: “Itegeko rirusha ibuye kuremera?” Bareke ariko, bage nge!
Nyirashiku: Ndekandeka undorere mugabo nkunda. Ese ubundi mwaramutse neza?
Ruhakana: Ugira ngo namenye ko bwakeye se rubavu rwange! Iminsi maze mu buroko yanyibagije ubuzima busanzwe.
Nyirashiku: Ariko koko, ubu bizashoboka kubaho mu bwigenge?
Ruhakana: Yewe! Irekere izo ni inzozi zo ku ngoma ya Rutuku. Ariko rwose bage nge!
Nyirashiku: Ubu se kandi wibagiwe ibiboko wakubiswe ngo wanze kwikorera imitwaro ya Rukara wa Kabirigi (Ubwo batsindaga umuzungu w’Umubirigi)?
Ruhakana: Nyirashi!Nyirashiku: Karame mutware wange!
Ruhakana: Uzi n’ikindi, ubu ngiye guhagurukira kurwana inkundura, ndebe ko nagera ku burenganzira bwacu. Ndabyiyemeje kandi nzashyirwa mbigezeho mba ndoga Musinga.
Nyirashiku: Oya rwose mugabo nkunda! Ntiwabonye uko bamugize yanze kumva abakoroni b’Ababirigi?
Ruhakana: Ni byo rwose, iby’iyi ntwari ndabyibuka nk’ibyabaye ejo. Yarabarwanyije, nyuma baza kumunyaga ubutegetsi n’abatware, bamucira i Kamembe. Abo Banyaburayi babonye Abanyarwanda bagikunze umwami wabo, bamucira ishyanga ahitwa Moba muri Katanga ho muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Kongo, ari na ho yatangiye.
Nyirashiku: Ibuka neza ko kandi muri icyo gihe, ari bwo Rukara rwa Bishingwe abazungu bamunyongeye mu Gahunga k’Abarashi.
Ruhakana: Erega ayo mateka turayasangiye! Gusa icyo ntifuza, ni uko ubuzima twabayemo ari bwo n’abana bacu bazabamo. Umugambi wange ndawukomeje rero. Sinzazungurwa na mwene Kabirigi.
Nyirashiku: Ni byo koko mpora nshengurwa na shiku, umujishi n’uburyo nashikuranaga n’imishike mbuze uko ngira kubera ba gashakabuhake. Nubwo ari uguhebera urwaje, sinifuza ko abana bange bazashikurana n’irya mishike nasize. Ariko kandi aho gupfa none wapfa ejo!
Ruhakana: Uramponda sinoga. Ruhakana sinzemera ubukoroni.
Nyirashiku: Nyamara ngo: “inyamanswa idakenga yishwe n’umututizi.” Nawe se, reba uburyo abo bene Kabirigi bamaze kutwigarurira. Inganda zacu barazisenye, urushingo n’urushingati twarusimbuje ingirwamyambi y’ikibiriti, ubu ntawukikoza impuzu ngo ni ukwemera bakadukuburira.
Ruhakana: Nyirashi, ibyo twakora byose, nta cyo duteze kuzageraho, tudasobetse amaboko nk’Abanyarwanda ngo twikure ku ngoyi nako ingoma ya Rugigana.
Nyirashiku: Ngaho jya mbere nguteze yombi!
Ruhakana: Ibyo Rugigana adushukisha ni byo bitwibagiza umuco wacu.
Nyirashiku: None se twakora iki ko amazi yarenze inkombe?
Ruhakana: Reka nge kureba umusaza Rumashana, nubwo ashaje akaba yuzuye iminkanyari mu gahanga, umusatsi wose ukaba ari uruyenzi, ndibuka ko yarwanye intambara y’Abamayimayi muri Tanzaniya n’iy’Abamawumawu muri Kenya, aharanira ko abakoroni badakomeza kudutsikamira no kudupyinagaza, wenda yagira icyo anyungura muri aya majune.
Nyirashiku: Ngaho nimugire urugendo rwiza.
Umuseruko wa kabiri
(Rumashana, Ruhakana, Kanyarufunzo)
Rumashana: Uwo ni nde ukomanga ? Niyinjire (Ruhakana yinjire).
Ruhakana: Mwaramutse sogoku?
Rumashana: Waramutse mwana wa. Ugenzwan’amahoro seda?( baramukanya) Ko mbona uburoko bwari bukuntwaye mwana wa! Yooo! Nubwo ntagisimbuka akatsi, ndabona naguha intego rwose!
Ruhakana: (Akubite agatwenge buhoro)Nubundi nkeneye inda ya bukuru sogoku. Sinakwigezaho rwose! Uracyari intarumikwa! Wansuhuje ndasusumira pe!
Rumashana: Ngaho icara umbwire amajyo yawe. (amwereke agatebe maze yicare)
Ruhakana: Sogoku, sintinda nje kukubwira ko bamponze nkanga kunoga. N’ubu umugambi wange wo kwanga ubukoroni urakomeje. Gusa ndareba inzira, ngasanga izitiwe hose n’imitego mitindi ya bene Kabirigi.
Rumashana: Uti: “Iki mwana wa?” Ugira ngo nongere nkuganirire ibyo muri Tanzaniya na Kenya, ahari imitwe yari ikaze y’abakoroni. Bankijijwe n’Iyakare maze kubazahaza pe! Abantu bapfuye ari benshi cyane ariko nge Rumashana, si uko byagenze.
Ruhakana: Ariko sogoku, numva ngo mwarasahuraga rigatumuka, mukibasira abakozi b’abakoroni, ariko ngo wowe wumvaga utateshuka ku muco wacu gakondo wamagana idini rya gikirisitu! Nge narumiwe ariko ndanabishyigikiye pe!
Rumashana: Mwana wa, reka dusubire mu y’inzuki wenda ubuki ntibuzaribwe rwose. Abakoroni badukozeho, ubutegetsi bwabo bukandamiza Abanyarwanda kimwe n’abandi Banyafurika. Gusa hari ababyumvaga neza, bakanga gutanga imisoro, gukora uburetwa, kwikorera imizigo, gutanga amakoro, gukubitwa, gutukwa n’ibindi, byatumaga abantu banga bidasubirwaho abo ba Rugigana.
Ruhakana: (Avuge amuciye mu ijambo), Si icyo nazize se sogoku, imyaka nakoze uburoko yose, ngo si uko nanze gutwara amagi y’umuzungu, nkanga nkanatunga urutoki inka z’umugogoro!
Rumashana: Erega mwana wange, wabaye nka Kanyarufunzo ngo iby’abazungu ntiyabikozwaga, yatangaga amategeko yo kwigomeka kuri Kazungu yibereye mu rufunzo.
Ruhakana: Naho se ba Mwarimu Nyerere muri Tanzaniya, ba Jomo Kenyata muri Kenya, ugira ngo hari uko batari bagize?
Rumashana: Niba ugikomeje kurwana rero, ndagira ngo nkibyibuka, uvuye hano, uge kureba umusaza Kirongo. Uyu azakubwira ibijyanye n’intambara z’abakoroni n’uko zarwanywe. Barazitsinze, bageraho bamera nk’abakina ikinamico.
Ruhakana: Nibutse iby’aba Bongereza bari bigabije ubutaka bw’Abanyafurika, abaturage bakarubira bakarwana umuhenerezo kugeza babubakuyemo.
Rumashana: Yooo! Mwana wa, uzi ko nakwicishije inyota. (Umusaza ahamagare umwuzukuru we yitaga Kanyarufunzo). Mbe Kanyarufu, ese ntiwamenye ko twabonye umushyitsi? Cyono musuhuze, umuzanire n’umukuzo yice akanyota.
Ruhakana: Erega bwanije, tuge mu gitaramo! Simbona ari mu mataha y’inka!
Kanayarufunzo: (Kanyarufunzo aze yivugisha). Erega aho izina ryarampamye! Uyu munsi ndamenya imvano y’izina ryange, ubwo wongeye kurimpamagara sogoku. (Asuhuze Ruhakana).
Rumashana: Ahubwo nimuhamagare abahungu bange, baze bose hamwe n’iyonka, turare inkera y’imihigo y’uko twazarwanya ubukoroni tukabutsinda.
Ruhakana: Ni byo rwose sogoku, wenda nakuramo n’igitekerezo k’inzozi zange zo kurwanya ubukoroni.
Rumashana: Ngaho Ruhaka, herekeza Kanyarufunzo munyure imicyamo yose, mubwire abana bange baze dutaramane.
Umuseruko wa gatatu
(Ruhakana, Rumashana, Kanyarufunzo, Natanayeri, Abagabo n’abagore bakuze, abasore n’inkumi b’abaririmbyi, abasirikare b’abazungu, umuzungu Padiri Dipo w’Umudage).
(Uyu museruko uratangirana n’indirimbo zishoza igitaramo: komeze imihigo Sibo y’intore)
Abaririmbyi: Urakomeze imihigo Sibo y’intore…
Rumashana: Bana bange rero, uyu mugoroba ndagira ngo muze dutarame twishimane. Insanganyamatsiko yacu tuyijyanishe n’ijambo rigenza umuhungu wange Ruhakana. Mutarame, murye, munywe, mwishime ariko mwibuke ko dufite urugamba tugomba kurwana kandi tukarutsinda. Ngaho nimwidagadure.
(Kanyarufunzo yivuge iki kivugo cyahimbwe na Sebaganji ba Sebukwekwe):
Kanyarufunzo:
Uwo Indamutsa irata wa Ruberanziza Umuheto ubuza abakinzi kwitaza Impangazamurego yawuturiye i Mbuye Abonye ko ari imbangikanyababiri Ahamagara Rugina
Ati: “ Izo ngabo ntiwazibonamo impunzi! Ariko Ncyahabaganizi ntaremya urugamba Ahora atabaruka yambaye ibinyita.”
Ruhakana: Gumagumaguma! (Akome mu mashyi cyane yishimye.)
Rumashana: Ese ko mbona utangiye kumera amababa, ukabyinira ku rukoma, aho ugurukira uragera he mwana wa?
Ruhakana: Ndeka sogoku! Uyu mugabo akoze hasi anyibutsa ibuye. Ati: “Izo ngabo ntiwazibonamo impunzi.” Nange sinzahunga urugamba rwo kurwanya ubukoroni. (Akivuga ibyo, haba hinjiye abasirikare b’abazungu)
Umusirikare w’umuzungu: (Avuge agoreka ururimi) Muri gukora iki? Ko musakuza?
Rumashana: Abana bange bantaramiye.
Umusirikare mukuru w’umuzungu: We! Murasakuza mwebwe? Muceceke.
Mugende!
Ruhakana: Mwidutunga imyuko yanyu isohora amashaza! Ariko ubu koko tuzakomeza dusuzugurwe dutya! (Abadukane umujinya, asange umusirikare)
Umusirikare mukuru w’umuzungu: Nimumufate! (Abandi basirikare bataramufata abari aho bose bateze isahinda, hahita hinjira Padiri Dipo).
Padiri Dipo: Nyagasani nabane namwe! (Avuge agoreka ururimi, abari aho bose baceceke.)
Padiri: Abakirisitu bari hano ni ba nde?
Natanayeri: Ni nge!
Ruhakana: Ariko koko Natanayeri ni we uri kutugambanira? Niba waratatiye umuco wa ba sogokuruza, turaguca bidasubirwaho.
Padiri Dipo: Natanayeri n’abandi bemera kubatizwa bazanyitabe ejo.
Basirikare, namwe mugende, mureke abaturage.
Umuseruko wa kane
(Ruhakana, Padiri Dipo, Natanayeri)
Natanayeri: Ruhakana rero, dore n’ubwo ukomeje umugambi wo kurwanya abakaroni, ukwiye kwitonda kuko baturusha intwaro. Niba atari ibyo urongera ufungwe!
Ruhakana: Erega mwana wa mama nange igihe ba basirikare bansumiraga, numvise uruhu runyorosotseho. Nabonaga nsubiye mu buroko pe!
Natanayeri: None rero Ruhakana, reka twemere twitabe Padiri Dipo atugire inama. Mbona uru rugamba tutarutsinda turwana nkawe.
Ruhakana: Ni byo rwose. (Bagende bagere kwa Padiri)
Natanayeri: Mwaramutse padi.
Padiri Dipo: Mwaramutse bana bange.
Natanayeri: Twari tubitabye, tunashaka ko mutugira inama.
Padiri Dipo: Bana bange, mureke twamamaze inkuru nziza y’amahoro!
Natanayeri: Ni byo rwose Padi.
Padiri Dipo: Ruhakana nawe emera ubatizwe, maze ugire amahoro n’ubugingo.
Ruhakana: None se si amahoro nshaka Padi? Iyo nanga ko mutubuza umutekano si amahoro mba nshaka?
Padiri Dipo: Mugomba gutekereza ko iwacu ari mu ijuru, kuko twaremewe kuzajya mu ijuru.
Ruhakana: Oya rwose ndabyanze Padi!
Padiri Dipo: Niba ubyanga rero, uri umwana wa Sekibi. Nupfa uzamusanga.
Ruhakana: Rumashana ampa inka! Ubwo se uwo Sekibi ntazi muri ba sogokuruza, nzamusanga nte? Ese ubundi ubu bari he ko batabatijwe?
Padiri Dipo: Bari ahantu habi nk’aho, kuko bapfuye tutaraza ngo tubakize ibyaha.
Ruhakana: Nge rero ndashaka kuzajya aho ba sogokuruza bari. Sinshaka kuzajya kwigunga ngenyine, aho umbwira batari.
Padiri Dipo: Erega n’izina ryawe ni ribi, ukwiye kwitwa Gamariyeri, ukareka kwitwa Ruhakana.
Natanayeri: Ahaaa! Si ngaho Padiri arakubatije. Erega Padiri nushaka urekere aho agahu kahuye n’umunyutsi. Ruhakana abaye Gamariyeri kuva ubu ntazongera kwitwa Ruhakana.
Ruhakana: Yampaye inka Rumashana! Murashaka kunshyira mu byo ntazi ngo n’amadini noneho. Mugumane ingirwamazina yanyu. Ubona ngo murantuka! (Ruhakana agende arakaye, Natanayeri amukurikire ashaka kumugarura, Padiri asigare yumiwe).
Umuseruko wa gatanu
Ruhakana, Rumashana, Padiri Dipo, Abasirikare, Nataniyeri, Turikubwigenge (Rumashana arasanga Nataniyeri na Ruhakana bananiwe kumvikana)
Rumashana: Ese bana bange ko mukururana mwukana inabi, aho ni amahoro? Erega nabonye muje mwerekeje kwa Padiri ndavuga ngo nange ngereyo, numve ibyo murimo. Nimucyo dusubireyo, mumbwire ibyo mwavugaga.
Padiri Dipo: Urakaza neza Rumasha.
Rumashana: Padiri rero, nari nje ngo numve inama zawe n’abana bange. Murabibona mwese ndi mu marembera, ejo cyangwa ejobundi, sinifuza kugusigira abana baryana. Nubwo nabanje guhakana nkanabarwanya, ariko hari ibyo nahaye agaciro kuruta ibindi.
Padiri Dipo: Ibihe se Rumasha?
Rumashana: Nubwo tugaya ingoma yanyu, uko mwaje mukigabiza ubutaka bwacu, mukadushora isoko nk’amatungo ku Kivumu cya Mpushi, Rukira mu Burasirazuba, mu
Rwanza rwa Save muri Gisagara na Mubuga ho mu Bukonya mu majyaruguru n’ahandi, mukatumarira mu Ntambaraya Mbere n’iya Kabiri y’Isi, mukatubibamo amacakubiri, mukaducamo icyuho ku buryo budasubirwaho; maze kubona ko muri mwe harimo abamaganye icuruzwa ry’abantu ndabagarukiyeho hato.
Padiri Dipo: Noneho twakwicara tukumva neza impanuro z’umusaza! (Abari aho bose bicare)
Rumashana: Reka noneho twumve igitekerezo cya buri wese, kituganisha ku bwiyunge.
Turikubwigenge: (Amanike ukuboko) nge rwose nkunda gukurikirana amateka y’ubukoroni, nubwo ntarabona igufwa ry’umuyaga.
Natanayeri: Turakuzi rwose ko uri Kanyamakuru.
Turikubwigenge: Namenye ko ibihingwa byinshi twabizaniwe n’abakoroni. Abanyaburayi batuzaniye ibigori, inanasi, imyumbati, ubunyobwa bivuye muri Amerika. Insina n’imyembe byo ngo byaba byaravuye muri Aziya. Abitwa Abarabu batwigishije uburyo bwo guhinga umuceri no kubaka amazu afite imfuruka za kizungu.
Ruhakana: Erega ibyo muvuga byose simbyumva. Abazungu bakoronije Afurika, ku mpamvu zo kwisahurira amabuye y’agaciro no kugurisha imyenda yakorwaga n’inganda zabo. Ibikoresho fatizo bari kubikura hehe, hatari muri Afurika?
Rumashana: Ruhakana nushaka ube Gamariyeri nk’uko numvise bakwita. Abakoroni baduhenze ubwenge koko, baraturwanya turabayoboka, ariko hari agakeregeshwa k’amajyambere n’iterambere bapfuye kutugezaho.
Ruhakana: Impamvu ya mpatsibihugu ihesha ishema Abanyaburayi ndetse bakigwizaho amaboko. Mu butegetsi bwa kiboko ntawuzamura akarimi. Ubwo butegetsi bwapfunyengeje, bunapyinagaza Abirabura benshi. Ubutegetsi bukuru barabwihariye. Sinzajya imbizi na bo rwose.
Natanayeri: Iyo urebye ukuntu batwigishije guhinga ibireti mu Rwanda, ipamba mu Misiri, kakawo (cacao) muri Kotedivuwari (Côte d’ivoire) n’imikindo y’amamesa muri Kongo Mbirigi, usanga ari agashya twavanga n’amarira. Erega abahanga mu by’amateka, bavuga ko abazungu barwanyije inzara, barwanya indwara zatwibasiraga harimo marariya, ubushita, indwara y’ibitotsi, ibibembe n’izindi. Ibi byose rero byari kutumara, iyo bataza muri Afurika.
Turikubwigenge: Ahaaa! Erega bubatse n’amashuri ajijura Abanyafurika, gusa ikibazo ni uko wasangaga ayo mashuri yaratozaga Abanyafurika imico y’i Burayi.
Ruhakana: Ariko ayo mashuri mundatira, si atesha agaciro imico karande yo muri Afurika. Ururimi rwacu gakondo ntirwitabweho? Ntusanga mu mashuri bigisha cyanecyane mu ndimi z’i Bwotamasimbi, ku buryo ubu ngubu usanga ari zo zihuza Abanyafurika aho guhuzwa n’izabo?
Rumashana: Erega mwa bana mwe hari n’imigi yashinzwe n’abakoroni, izo za Kongo Burazavile (Congo Brazaville) zashinzwe na Savorunya do Buraza (Savorgnan De Brazza), Kigali yo mu Rwanda ishingwa na Rishari Kanti (Richard Kandt), Abanyarwanda bitaga Kanayoge.
Turikubwigenge: Ni byo koko data na we yambwiye ko ugeze Dodoma, i Mwanza muri Tanzaniya, ukagera iyo za Kinshasa, za Bujumbura, za Kampala, wahasanga ibirango by’abakoroni, harimo inyubako zitava ku gihe.
Rumashana: Yewe, si aho gusa, uzagere n’ahandi abakoroni banyuze wihere ijisho! Ngo: “Ubusa buruta buriburi bana ba!”
Ruhakana: Mureke ducutse amateka, ducumbikire aha. Ubwira uwumva ntavunika. Ubu maze kumenya ko ubukoroni bwagize inkurikizi zitari nke ku Banyafurika ndetse n’u Rwanda muri rusange. Nubwo twe nta matunda y’ubukoroni tubona neza, abana n’abuzukuru bacu, ubuvivi n’ubuvivure baziga bamenye imibare, ubugenge n’ubutabire, bivuze mu mavuriro akomeye kandi agwiriyemo abahanga; kudidibuza Icyongereza, Igifaransa, Igiswayiri n’izindi, batuvuganira, babibemo intyoza, niducyura ibyo, Imana y’i Rwanda izakomeze itwihere impagarike n’ubugingo.
(Abari aho bose bishime bakome amashyi, baririmbe ngo: “urukundo nirwogere.” Ruhakana we amarira atembe ku matama nubwo ngo: “Amarira y’umugabo atemba ajya mu nda.”)
Rumashana: Ruhakana, ihangane nubwo abakoroni bakoze nabi, twe ntitwabona uko twiyishyurira kandi ikituraje ishinga si icyo, ahubwo dushikame, dukore tuzibe icyuho twatejwe n’abakoroni. Murakoze kandi murakarama.
Ruhakana: Ni byo koko ngo: “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye.” Nimureke dushyire hamwe wenda tuzunamuka, tugere ku bwigenge busesuye.
Bifatiye ku mwandiko “Rugigana n’ingoma ye” uvuga ku mabi ubukoroni bwagiriye Abanyarwanda n’Abanyafurika muri rusange.
9.1.1. Gusoma no gusobanura umwandiko
IGIKORWA
Soma umwandiko “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”, ushakemo amagambo udasobanukiwe, hanyuma uyasobanure ukurikije inyito afite mu mwandiko wifashishije inkoranyamagambo.
IMYITOZO
1. Simbuza ijambo ryanditse ritsindagiye irindi bivuga kimwe usanga mu mwandiko.
a) Rutuku yaratuzengereje duta umutwe kugeza ku bwigenge, ubu turahumeka umwuka w’abazima.
b) Ku mugabane w’i Burayi haturutseyo abakoroni b’ingeri zose.
c) Bantu mukinisha imbunda z’amasasu, muge mwitonda, mutazatumaraho urubyaro.
d) Abantu b’inararibonye, bazi byinshi ku mateka y’abakoroni bigabagabanyije Afurika.
e) Kug
– Umuhanzi agomba kwita cyane ku nsanganyamatsiko agiye kwandikaho bityo akayishakira umutwe bifitanye isano. Umutwe w’ikinamico ugomba kuba uteye amatsiko abagiye kuyikurikira cyangwa abasomyi.
– Umuhanzi agomba kwita cyane ku bo ageneye umukino we, mu rwego rwo kugena imvugo (iy’ubusabane, isanzwe, ihanitse, iya gisizi...) aza gukoresha. Agomba kumenya kandi ikigero barimo, imico yabo n’uko babayeho kugira ngo agene uburyo aza gukoresha ababwira, bityo umukino ugire icyo ubamarira, bitewe n’icyo agamije kugeraho.
– Umuhanzi agomba kuzirikana igihe ikinamico igomba kumara, bitewe n’aho igomba kunyuzwa n’icyo igamije. Hari amakinamico ashobora kugira uduce dutoduto tugenda dutangazwa mu gihe runaka, ikaba yamara igihe kirekire, nk’Urunana, Museke weya...Umuhanzi anazirikana ko igihe ikinamico ikinwa itagomba kurambirana cyane.
– Umuhanzi w’ikinamico agomba kwita ku buryo agena abanyarubuga mu ikinamico ye.
era ku bwigenge byaraharaniwe ku buryo budasubirwaho.f) Ikinyarwanda ntikigeze kitabwaho mu mashuri, ku ngoma ya gashakabuhake w’umukoroni.
2. Ubaka interuro ukoresheje amagambo cyangwa itsinda ry’amagambo akurikira ku buryo wumvikanisha icyo asobanura.
a) Amajune
b) Kubyinira ku rukoma
c) Intyoza
d) Ubukoroni
9.1.2. Gusoma no kumva umwandiko
IGIKORWA
Ongera usome umwandiko “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”, maze usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Vuga abakinnyi bose bavugwa muri uyu mwandiko?
2. Mu mwandiko baratubwiramo umusaza ukuze cyane. Uwo ni nde, umubwirwa n’iki?
3. Abakoroni bafite ibintu bibiri by’ingenzi bitwaje bakoroniza Afurika.
Ibyo bintu ni ibihe?
4. Ingaruka mbi kurusha izindi za gikoroni yashegeshe Igihugu cyacu cy’u Rwanda, ni iyihe?
5. Vuga imitwe ibiri y’abarwanyi yari yarazengereje abakoroni mu bihugu by’iburasirazuba bw’u Rwanda.
6. Tanga amazina y’imigi yashinzwe n’abakoroni n’abo yitiriwe.9.1.2. Gusoma no gusesengura umwandiko
IGIKORWA
Ongera usome umwandiko “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”, maze usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Ni iyihe nsanganyamatsiko ivugwa mu mwandiko?
2. Tanga ingingo z’ingenzi zibanzweho mu mwandiko wasomye.
3. “Abakoroni badusigiye ibikomere n’agashashi katumurikira kujya mbere.” Sobanura iyo mvugo.
4. Ingamba ababyiruka bagomba gufata kugira ngo bakomeze gusigasira ibyagezweho nyuma yo kwiyuha akuya ni izihe?
9.1.4. Kungurana ibitekerezo
IGI
Mu rwego rw’ururimi n’umuco, ikinamico ni uruganda ruteza imbere buri muntu wese urugiramo uruhare.
KORWAMwongere musome umwandiko “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”, hanyuma mwungurane ibitekerezo ku nsanganyamatsiko ikurikira:
Gereranye ibivugwa mu ikinamico n’ubuzima urimo muri iki gihe.
IX.2. Ikinamico
9.2.1. Inshoza, uturango, imyubakire n’ibice by’ikinamico
IGIKORWA
Ongera usome umwandiko “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye” witegereza imiterere yawo, uko abakinankuru bateye n’uko basimburana bavuga maze ukore ubushakashatsi, utahure inshoza n’uturango by’ikinamico, imyubakire n’ibice by’ikinamico.
1. Inshoza y’ikinamico
Ikinamico ni umukino ushingiye ku gikorwa abantu berekanira imbere y’abandi, abantu bihindura ukundi, bagerageza gusa na bo cyangwa ibyo bakina haba mu mvugo, mu mico no mu migirire, kandi bagamije gushimisha abababona, rimwe na rimwe bagaherwamo inyigisho zishobora kuba intandaro yo gukira bimwe mu bikomere by’umutima umuntu agendana buri munsi cyangwa gukemura bimwe mu bibazo bihora biziritse bagenzi bacu mu miryango natwe ubwacu tutiretse. Ikinamico ishobora kukunywesha umuti urura, ukakubera urukingo ruzima rwo guca ukubiri n’ikitwa ingeso mbi zose zoreka imbaga y’abantu mu migirire no mu bikorwa by’urukozasoni. Ikinamico ni ikigega k’ikoraniro ry’ingeri z’ubuvanganzo zitandukanye, kuko ikinamico ubwayo atari ingeri y’ubuvanganzo.
Mu ikinamico, abakinnyi bashobora gutebya, gusakuza, guca imigani, kuririmba, guhoza abageni n’abana, kuvugira inka, yewe n’abahigi bashobora kuzitura intozo zabo nyuma amahigi bakayaroha. Ikinamico ni akayobera. Usibye akamaro ko gushimisha abayireba, irigisha abantu bakanyurwa. Ikinamico iravura; ikuramo abantu ububabare baba bafite, ikagerageza na none gukemura bimwe mu bibazo baba bafite ku mutima. Hashingiwe ku nsanganyamatsiko z’ikinamico twavuga ko ikinamico ari ikinabuzima.
2. Uturango tw’ ikinamico
Ikinamico ihimbye neza, igomba kuba igaragaramo uturango dukurikira:
Umutwe w’ikinamico: umutwe w’ikinamico ugomba kuba ari mugufi kandi uteye amatsiko.Insanganyamatsiko rusange igomba kuba ifitanye isano n’umutwe. Biba byiza iyo usomye umutwe adahita yumva neza ibikubiye mu ikinamico.
Umwinjizo: ni amagambo atangira umukino, aba asa n’akebura abagiye gukurikira ikinamico, ndetse abakururira gukurikira neza umukino.
Abanyarubuga: ni abakinnyi bakina umukino, bagaragaza imyifatire itandukanye, bagenda bumvikana, ndetse bakagaragara mu mukino. Mu ikinamico, cyanecyane mu ikinamico nyarwanda, usanga amazina y’abakinnyi ashushanya imico yabo, uko bateye n’uko bitwara.
Ibice by’umukino: ni umukino wose uba ugabanyijemo ibice bitandukanye, bitewe n’uko umuhanzi yabigennye.
Agakino: igice cy’umukino, gishobora kugira imiseruko itandukanye, bitewe n’igitekerezo gikubiye mu gice cy’umukino.
Urukiniro/akabugankuru: ni aho agakino cyangwa igice cy’umukino kiba kiri bukinirwe. Urukiniro baruha umuteguro, bakarutaka cyangwa bakaruha imirimbishirize, bitewe n’ibyifuzo by’umuhanzi cyangwa umutoza.
Umuseruko: tuvuga umuseruko, iyo hari umukinnyi mushya winjiye mu rukiniro cyangwa igihe hari usohotse mu rukiniro.
Mu makinamico avugirwa kuri tereviziyo cyangwa kuri radiyo, si ngombwa ko urukiniro rurangiriraho igice cyose cy’umukino kuko ho biba byoroshye kubikora. Mu mikino yerekanwa, ntabwo washobora kwerekana abantu bari mu Kiriziya, ngo mu kanya wongere uberekane baryamye imbere y’imbaga ibarebera kandi ari mu gice kimwe. Aha ngaha byagusaba kubanza gufunga umwenda, ugategura akandi kabugankuru. Amategeko y’ikinamico avuga ko bafunga umwenda gusa iyo igice cy’umukino kirangiye.
Inyobozi: ni ibisobanuro bigaragara mu ikinamico, biyobora abanyarubuga uko bari bwitware mu mukino. Bikunze gushyirwa mu dukubo.
Imvugo nkana: ni amagambo umunyarubuga ashobora kuvuga mu gihe ari kugirana ikiganiro na mugenzi we, ariko mugenzi we akigiza nkana ko atayumvise.
Imvugano: ni ikiganiro kiba hagati y’abanyarubuga igihe bahererekanya amagambo.
Inyishyu: ni amagambo umunyarubuga runaka asubiza mugenzi we mu ikinamico.
Umwivugisho: ni amagambo avugwa n’umunyarubuga igihe ari wenyine yivugisha.
Ururondogoro: ni imvugo itinze y’umunyarubuga runaka.
Iherezo: ikinamico igira iherezo. Iherezo ry’ikinamico rishobora kumara amatsiko abayikurikiye, cyangwa rigasiga abayikurikiye mu gihirahiro bibaza uko byagenze cyangwa uko bizagenda.
3. Imyubakire y’ikinamicoIkinamico nk’inkuru ikinnye, igira imyubakire iteye itya:
Intango: muri iki gice, hagaragaramo uko ubuzima buba busanzwe muri
rusange, abantu babanye neza nta kibazo bafitanye.
Kidobya: nko mu nkuru, kidobya ni akantu kaza, kakaba imbarutso, kagahindura ibintu uko byari bimeze. Icyo gihe uko ibintu byari bisanzwe birahinduka, niba ari nk’ikibazo kivutse, kigashakirwa igisubizo.
Inkubiri y’ibikorwa: muri iki gice, ni ho dusobanukirwa inkuru koko. Abanyarubuga bakagaragaza ya myifatire cyangwa imico itandukanye baba bakina.
Umwanzuro: muri iki gice, ni ho tubona uko inkuru irangiye. Mu mwanzuro ikinamico ishobora kurangira imaze amatsiko cyangwa igasiga mu rujijo abayiteze amatwi cyangwa abayireba.
Amaherezo: muri iki gice, hagaragaramo uko byagenze nyuma y’ikemuka ry’ikibazo runaka cyangwa se nyuma y’uko ikibazo gikomeza kuba insobe. Aha ni na ho hagaragara abagiriye inyungu muri kwa gukemuka cyangwa kudakemuka kw’ikibazo.
Imyubakire y’ikinamico ishingira ku banyarubuga. Ibikorwa bigaragara mu ikinamico bishingira ku banyarubuga cyanecyane ku banyarubuga b’imena. Abanyarubuga b’imena bafatanyije n’abungirije bayobora imigendekere y’ibikorwa mu ikinamico kugeza ku ndunduro y’ikinamico. Nko mu nkuru ngufi cyangwa ndende, umusesenguzi w’ikinamico ashobora gushushanya ibikorwa yifashishije igishushanyo giteye gitya:
Nyiri ubwite: ni bo ikinamico iba ishingiyeho. Aba bashobora kugera ku ntego bagamije cyangwa ntibayigereho.
Ugenerwa: ni umuntu wese waba afite inyungu, ukurikije ikivugwa mu ikinamico.
Abafasha: ni abakinamico cyangwa ibindi bintu bishobora gutuma nyir’ubwite cyangwa ba nyir’ubwite mu ikinamico bagera ku kigamijwe cyangwa ntibakigereho, ariko byagaragaye ko ba nyiri ubwite bari bashyigikiwe.
Ugenera: ni umuntu cyangwa ikintu gituma nyiri ubwite agira intego runaka mu ikinamico.
Ikigamijwe: ni intego abakinamico b’ingenzi baba bahawe n’umuhimbyi w’ikinamico.
Imbogamizi: ni abakinamico cyangwa ibintu bishobora kubangamira umukinnyi cyangwa abakinnyi b‘imena kugera ku ntego cyangwa ku kigamijwe.
Ikitonderwa:
Mu ikinamico, ibikorwa bishobora gukurikirana nk’uko byagiye biba mu njyabihe yabyo. Cyokora ibyo si ihame, kuko hari ubwo usanga ibikorwa bidakurikiranye uko byagiye biba mu mateka yabyo, bitewe n’ubuhanga bw’umuhanzi w’ikinamico.
1. Ibice by’ikinamico
Ikinamico nyinshi zizwi, zigira ibice bitatu. Mu gice cya mbere, usanga ari nk’igice cy’umwirondoro no kugaragaza muri rusange imiterere y’abakinnyi n’inshamake y’ibikorwa bizagaragara mu ikinamico yose. Mu gice cya kabiri ni ipfundo ry’ikinamico. Muri iki gice, ibintu biba bitangiye gusobanuka, abakinnyi bakuru bigaragaje kimwe n’abungirije. Igice cya gatatu, habonekamo ikemuka ry’ikibazo cyari kiraje ishinga umukinnyi mukuru. Muri iki gice, ikibazo gishobora gukemuka cyangwa kikaburirwa umuti, abasomyi, abatega amatwi kimwe n’ababa babirebera ku byuma bigaragaza amashusho, bakaguma mu rungabangabo bibaza ikizakurikiraho. Iyo bigenze bitya, umukino urangira ugiteye amatsiko. Ku birebana n’ibice bigize ikinamico, ntawashidikanya ko hari ikinamico yagira ibice bibiri cyangwa bine, bitewe n’umuhanzi uwo ari we n’icyo agamije.
IMYITOZO
1. Sobanura ishushanyabikorwa ry’ikinamico “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”?
2. Sobanura ukuntu ikinamico ari ikigega k’ingeri zimwe na zimwe z’ubuvanganzo nyarwanda.
3. Ikinamico ifite akahe kamaro mu buzima bw’Abanyarwanda?
4. Sobanura muri make uturango dutanu tw’ikinamico.
5. Tandukanya inkubiri y’ibikorwa na kidobya.
6. Tahura ibice by’ikiamico “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”.
9.2.2. Amoko n’amateka by’ikinamico
IGIKORWA
Kora ubushakashatsi maze utahure amoko y’ikinamico n’amateka yayo.
1. Amoko y’ikinamico
Amoko y’ikinamico agenwa hakurikije ibyiciro bine: ahantu ikinamico ibera n’inzira ikinamico inyuzwamo kugira ngo igere ku bantu, ibikorwa njyamutima ikina, imiterere n’insanganyamatsiko ivugaho.
– Dukurikije ahantu ikinamico ibera n’inzira cyangwa umuyoboro ikinamico inyuzwamo kugira ngo igere ku bantu, ikinamico ibamo amoko abiri: ikinamico yo ku kabugankuru n’ikinamico inyuzwa mu bikoresho by’itumanaho n’ikoranabuhanga, kuri radiyo cyangwa tereviziyo.
a) Ikinamico yo ku kabugankuru
Ukurikije ikivugwa ikinamico yo ku kabugankuru ishobora kuba ngufi cyangwa ndende. Iyi kinamico ikinirwa imbere y’indorerezi. Ishobora gukinwa n’abantu benshi.
b) Ikinamico inyuzwa mu bikoresho by’itumanaho n’ikoranabuhanga.
Ibikoresho by’itumanaho n’ikoranabuhanga ni inzira ikomeye y’ikinamico. Ikinamico zinyura kuri radiyo, kuri tereviziyo, kuri terefoni, mudasobwa no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye.
Ikinamico inyuzwa mu bikoresho by’itumanaho, igomba kuba ngufi kandi
igakinwa n’abantu bake bashoboka. Bitagenze bityo, byayobya abayikurikirana.
– Dukurikije ibikorwa njyamutima ikina, ikinamicoigira amoko atatu: ikinamico nterabitwenge, ikinamico nteragahinda n’ikinamico mberabyombi.
a) Ikinamico nterabitwenge
Ingeri y’iyi kinamico ishingiye gusa ku gushushanya umuntu mu mico no mu myifatire yo muri rubanda rwa giseseka, imico yo ku rwego rwo hasi ugereranyije n’uko yagombye kumera. Ahangaha, usanga umuntu nta kinyabupfura kimuranga, kwiyubaha no kwihesha agaciro byaramubereye nk’akamizwe n’ingwe. Ibi ntibigaragara mu gukora ibibi gusa, ahubwo usanga ibyinshi bisekeje, bikarundura bikagera no mu biteye ishozi mu ruhame. Muri iyi kinamico, umuntu yitesha agaciro n’icyubahiro yari asanganywe nko kwimyira agasiga ku myenda, ku rukuta ruteye irange, n’ibindi.
b) Ikinamico nteragahinda (zamwibasiye)
Muri ubu bwoko bw’ikinamico, abakinnyi bahabwa imico n’imyifatire idasanzwe; ikindi nuko imvugo na yo iba yihariye mu bice byayo byose uko bikurikirana. Abakinnyi bakuru bagomba kuba ari abantu bo mu rwego rwo hejuru, abanyacyubahiro, nyuma kubera amakosa yabo abagaragaraho, ibyago bikabibasira bakagwirirwa na byo. Ibyo byago ugasanga ari nk’akagambane k’imana zibasiye abakinnyi nyamukuru mu ikinamico. Usanga aba bakinnyi nta ruhare baba bagize mu byago byabo.
c) Ikinamico mberabyombi
Ni ikinamico ivanga ingingo zisekeje n’ingingo zibabaje.
– Dukurikije imiterere, ikinamico tuyisangamo amoko abiri: ikinamico isanzwe n’ikinamico y’uruhererekane.
a) Ikinamico isanzwe
Ni ikinamico ndende igiye umujyo umwe, ikinwa ikarangira.
b) Ikinamico y’uruhererekane
Ikinamico y’uruhererekane ni ikinamico ikinwa mu byiciro mu bihe bitandukanye, bagenda bakina igice gito kirangira ku buryo bw’amaregeka, kikazasubukurwa, bityo bityo.
Ingero:
Ururnana Museke weya,...
– Dukurikije insanganyamatsiko, ikinamico tuzisangamo amoko menshi: ikinamico y’amateka, ikinamico nyobokamana, ikinamico ya poritiki,
Ikinamico gakondo,, ikinamico y’urukundo, ikinamico y’imibereho…
a) Ikinamico y’amateka
Iyi kinamico igerageza gucukumbura amateka y’Afurika, ikarata cyangwa igashimagiza intwari n’ibihangange byanditse amazina yabyo mu muryango nyafurika cyangwa mu muryango nyarwanda. Iyi kinamico yerekana ko ubukoroni ari bwo bwapyinagaje Abanyafurika, ko mbere Abazungu ataraza bari bameze neza, ko aho Abanyaburayi baziye bononnye Abanyafurika, by’umwihariko Abanyarwanda bidasubirwaho.
b) Ikinamico y’iyobokamana
Muri Afurika, by’umwihariko mu Rwanda, habaga imihango yo kuragura, guterekera, kubandwa n’ibindi byose bijyana no kwibuka cyangwa kwiyambaza Imana y’i Rwanda. Ikinamico uzumva ifatiye ku idini, ryaba ari gakondo cyangwa amadini n’amatorero ariho muri iki gihe, uzayishyire muri iki kiciro k’ikinamico y’iyobokamana.
c) Ikinamico y’imibereho
Iyi ngeri y’ikinamico, irasa neza ku buzima n’imibereho ya buri munsi y’abantu. Iyi kinamico ntitana no gukomoza ku bibazo bihora iteka bibangamiye muntu mu mimerere no mu migirire ye cyanecyane ibimuvutsa umudendezo, amahoro, umutuzo n’ibyishimo. Iyo bavuze amajyambere muri iyi ngeri y’ikinamico, bavuga ya yandi yihuta, ariko akagira byinshi ahutaza, harimo imibereho isanzwe na zimwe mu ndangagaciro z’umuco.
d) Ikinamico ya poritiki
Ubutumwa buba bugenderewe muri iyi ngeri y’ikinamico ni ukwikoma cyanecyane abazungu, bakaba bagomba kurwanywa kuko bakoronije Afurika, bakayisubiza inyuma. Iyi kinamico yibasira kandi abategetsi b’Afurika bigize indakoreka. Muri iyi kinamico, umuhanzi ahamagarira rubanda guharanira uburenganzira bwabo, demukarasi n’ukwishyira ukizana k’umuturagihugu; hakagaragazwa ko nta muntu ukwiye kugaraguzwa agati, ko ntabasumba abandi imbere y’amategeko.
a) Ikinamico yo kuzubara
Nkejabahizi, J.-C., (mu gitabo ke kitwa: “Ubuvanganzo nyarwanda. Inkuru ndende n’Ikinamico”, Butare, U. N. R. 2005), yita “kuzubara” kugira ibitekerezo bivuguruzanya n’inyurabwenge, umutima n’ubupfura. Bityo rero, ikinamico yo kuzubara ishyira ahagaragara ukwiheba n’ubwoba by’umuntu ubona rwose ko ubuzima bwe buri mu icuraburindi rikabije. Muri iyi ngeri y’ikinamico, umuntu agaragaza ko atazigera amenya icyo ari cyo, kamere ye nyayo yumva isa n’iyatakaye, akagaragaza ko atazi impamvu yaje mu isi y’abariho, kandi ko adategereje n’umuntu wazamutoza amategeko y’uko akwiye kwitunga no kubaho.
1. Amateka y’ikinamico
Ikinamico yatangiranye n’ukubaho kwa muntu, guhera mu gihe cya kera kitazwi neza no mu gihe k’indigiti. Habagaho imikino nterabitwenge na nteragahinda (zamwibasire). Hakomeje kubaho imihango yo gutamba ibitambo n’indi minsi mikuru yo gusenga ibigirwamana ku buryo byagereranywa n’ikinabuzima. Ahayinga mu wa 1950, ni bwo hatangiye ikinamico nshya. Kimwe n’ahandi hose, mu Rwanda ikinamico yatangiranye n’imibereho y’Umunyarwanda, aho yiganaga iby’ubuzima bwa buri munsi, nk’imyemerere gakondo, iyobokamana mvamahanga, imico, imyifatire, ubukoroni,…
Aho Abanyarwanda bamenyeye iby’impinduramatwara, batangiye kwandika imikino yuzuyemo imbamutima zabo, dore ko bari baramenye no kwandika. Ikinamico ya mbere mu Gihugu cyose yanditswe mu mwaka wa 1954. Ubwo bugeni bwatangiranye n’uwitwa Nayigiziki Saveriyo mu mukino yise
“L’optimiste”, aho yatangaga ikizere ko ibintu byose bishoboka. Hashize imyaka cumi n’itanu(15),ikinamico yanditse mu rurimi rw’Ikinyarwanda yagaragaye mu Rwanda ni iy’uwitwa Mubashankwaya I. yitwa“Diyosezi y’i Mvejuru izigondera Seminari”n’abandi bakurikiraho. Mu ntangiriro Insanganyamatsiko zibanzweho mu Rwanda ni umwami n’ubwami, iyobokamana, umuryango, intambara, inka, isuka, imihigo n’izindi.
Uretse mu mashuri, hirya no hino mu Rwanda no kuri Radiyo Rwanda ntiyahatanzwe, ubwo mu mwaka wa 1982 hatangizwaga teyatere (théatre) yaje guhindura izina ikitwa “ Ikinamico”. Ijambo ikinamico ryadutse mu Rwanda ahagana mu mwaka wa 1983. Umukino wa mbere ukaba warahitishijwe ku wa 21 Gashyantare 1983. Mu itangazamakuru, habonetse inkomarume n’ibimenyabose nka Nyabyenda Narcisse watoje abakinnyi, nka Sebanani Andereye, Mukeshabatware Dismas, Mukandego Athanasie, n’abandi. Uretse Nayigiziki na Mubashankwaya wamugwaga mu ntege, hakurikiyeho Kabeja, T. na Ndasingwa, L. bajyaga mu irushanwa ryategurwaga n’Iradiyo Mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa (RFI) bakamurika “Hirwa ou un homme seul” na “L’incompris” ndetse na “Une folie en vaut une autre” yamuritswe n’itsinda ry’ikinamico mu Rwanda.
Ikinamico zabiciye bigacika kuri Radiyo Rwanda ni Icyanzu cy’ Imana (Iya Uwera), Inseko ya Kiberinka, Mazi ya Teke n’izindi. Nk’uko byamye ikinamico inyura kuri Radiyo Rwanda, akenshi itegurwa kandi igakinwa n’Itorero Indamutsa.
Uko ibihe byagiye bisimburana, ikinamico ndende yagiye ibangikanwa n’ikinamico y’uruhererekane cyangwa yo mu byiciro, ikinwa buhorobuhoro mu duce duto. Ikinamico y’uruhererekane yatangiye mu 1999 itangijwe n’umuryango utari uwa Leta w’Abongereza witwa “Health Unlimited” mu ikinamico Urunana. Hari na Museke Weya ya “La Benevolençija,” n’Umurage urukwiye, hari n’izanyuze kuri tereviziyo nka Nta we umenya aho bwira ageze…
Bamwe mu banditsi b’ikinamico n’ibihangano byabo.
Ikitonderwa:
Mu rwego rw’ururimi n’umuco, ikinamico ni uruganda ruteza imbere buri muntu wese urugiramo uruhare.
IMYITOZO
1. Garagaza amoko y’ikinamico uzi uhereye ku nsanganyamatsiko no ku bikorwa njyamutima.
1. Umaze kubona amoko y’ikinamico, “Abataye badatata barasubiranye” wayishyira mu buhe bwoko bw’ikinamico?
2. Ni ayahe mazina y’Umunyarwanda wabimburiye abandi kwandika ikinamico? Hari mu wuhe mwaka? Izina ry’iyo kinamico ni irihe?
3. Ikinamico ya mbere yahitishijwe kuri Radiyo Rwanda ryari?
4. Huza abanditsi n’ikinamico banditse.
9.2.3. Uko ikinamico yandikwa n’uko ikinwa
IGIKORWA
Kora ubushakashatsi, utahure uko wahanga ikinamico n’uko wayikina.
1. Uko ikinamico yandikwa
– Umuhanzi w’ikinamico agomba kubanza guhitamo insanganyamatsiko agiye kwandikaho, kuko imico y’abantu aba agiye gushyira mu mukino, igomba kuba ifite intego runaka yo kwigisha, gucyaha, kunenga, kugira inama n’ibindi.
– Iyo amaze guhitamo insanganyamatsiko, ahitamo abanyarubuga, akabatwerera imyifatire n’imiterere igaragaza neza ibyo agiye gukina.
– Mu kwandika ikinamico, umuhanzi agomba kuzirikana uko atangira umukino we n’uko aza kuwusoza, atanze igisubizo k’ikibazo cyari ingutu cyangwa asigiye abawukurikiye umukoro wo gukomeza kwibaza uko bizagenda.
– Ikinamico igomba kwandikwa mu buryo bw’ikiganiro, aho usanga abakinnyi bahererekanya amagambo, ndetse hakagenda hagaragazwa izina ry’ugiye kuvuga. Gusa aho biri ngombwa usanga umukinnyi ashobora gukina yivugisha we ubwe.
– Umuhanzi w’ikinamico kandi, bitewe n’ibyifuzo by’uko ashaka ko umukino we ukinwa, agenda agaragaza inyobozi zandikwa mu dukubo, zigaragaza uko abakinnyi bagomba kwitwara, aho umukino runaka ubera n’imirimbo ihatatse. Inyobozi kandi zituma umutoza w’abakinnyi abafasha kwitwara uko umuhanzi w’ikinamico yabyifuje.
Ibyitabwaho mu kwandika ikinamico
– Umuhanzi agomba kwita cyane ku nsanganyamatsiko agiye kwandikaho bityo akayishakira umutwe bifitanye isano. Umutwe w’ikinamico ugomba kuba uteye amatsiko abagiye kuyikurikira cyangwa abasomyi.
– Umuhanzi agomba kwita cyane ku bo ageneye umukino we, mu rwego rwo kugena imvugo (iy’ubusabane, isanzwe, ihanitse, iya gisizi...) aza gukoresha. Agomba kumenya kandi ikigero barimo, imico yabo n’uko babayeho kugira ngo agene uburyo aza gukoresha ababwira, bityo umukino ugire icyo ubamarira, bitewe n’icyo agamije kugeraho.
– Umuhanzi agomba kuzirikana igihe ikinamico igomba kumara, bitewe n’aho igomba kunyuzwa n’icyo igamije. Hari amakinamico ashobora kugira uduce dutoduto tugenda dutangazwa mu gihe runaka, ikaba yamara igihe kirekire, nk’Urunana, Museke weya...Umuhanzi anazirikana ko igihe ikinamico ikinwa itagomba kurambirana cyane.
– Umuhanzi w’ikinamico agomba kwita ku buryo agena abanyarubuga mu ikinamico ye.
Mu ikinamico abanyarubuga barimo ibice bibiri by’ingenzi. Habamo umunyarubuga mukuru. Umunyarubuga mukuru ashobora kuba ari umwe cyangwa ari benshi. Habamo kandi abanyarubuga bungirije bashobora kuba bunganira umunyarubuga mukuru kugira ngo agere ku ntego yiyemeje (abunganizi) cyangwa se bakaba bamubangamira ngo atagera ku ntego yiyemeje (imbogamizi). Ni ukuvuga ko mu ikinamico, dusangamo umunyarubuga mukuru n’abanyarubuga bungirije. Ariko hashobora no kubamo abanyarubuga batari ngombwa. Abo banyarubuga mu by’ukuri nta gikorwa gifatika bakora, ndetse bashobora no kuva mu ikinamico cyangwa mu nkuru ntibigire icyo bitwara (nk’igihe umukino ubera mu isoko, abaremye isoko bose si ko bagira uruhare mu mukino).
Umuhanzi w’ikinamico agomba kugena uko abanyarubuga bitwara, cyane ko baba bagomba kugaragaza imico y’abantu basanzwe mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Rimwe na rimwe usanga abanyarubuga bahabwa amazina ahita aranga imyitwarire yabo, nk’abo bita ba Rubundakumazi, Nzavugankize, Rusisibiranya, Kajarajara, Kirikumaso n’andi. Gusa abacengeye neza iyi nganzo y’ikinamico, bemeza ko atari byiza kwita bene aya mazina kuko biba bisa no kumara amatsiko abakurikiye ikinamico. Bavuga ko byaba byiza abanyarubuga bagiye bahabwa amazina asanzwe atagaragaza imyitwarire yabo, noneho uko bakina, ababakurikiye akaba ari bo batahura imyitwarire y’abakinnyi. Ni yo mpamvu mu guhitamo abakinnyi, hagomba kurebwa umuntu uri bwigane neza umunyarubuga runaka.
2. Uko ikinamico ikinwa
Ikinamico iba igabanyijemo ibice. Iyo ari ikinamico yo ku rubuga aho ikinirwa (urukiniro) hagenda hahinduka uko buri gice kirangiye. Buri gice na cyo kiba kigabanyijemo uduce (imiseruko) tugenda duhindagurika, buri gihe uko hinjiye umukinnyi mushya cyangwa se hagize usohoka ku kabugankuru. Abakinnyi b’ikinamico ku rukiniro baba bagomba gusa neza nk’uko abanyarubuga bagaragajwe mu myifatire yabo. Mu gukina ikinamico kandi, inyobozi ni ngombwa cyane, zigomba kubahirizwa kugira ngo umukino ugende neza nk’uko umuhanzi wayo yabyifuje.
Abakinnyi bagomba kwisanisha neza n’ibyo bakina haba mu mvugo ndetse no mu ngiro.
IMYITOZO
1. Kuki atari byiza guha abanyarubuga amazina ahita agaragaza imyifatire yabo?
2. Ukurikije ikinamico n’izindi ngeri z’ubuvanganzo nyarwanda wize, ni uwuhe mwihariko ikinamico ifite ku mikorere y’abanyarubuga n’imyandikire yayo?
3. Garagaza ibyo umwanditsi w’ikinamico yibandaho igihe ayandika.
4. Wifashishije ingero ebyiri z’abanyarubuga bari mu ikinamico “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”, jora uburyo umuhanzi w’iyo kinamico yubatse abanyarubuga.
5. Tahura ibice by’ikinamico “Abatanye badatata barasubiranye”. badatata barasubiranye”.
IX.3. Umwitozo w’ubushobozi ngiro bw’umunyeshuri
Hanga ikinamico ku byiza n’ibibi by’ubukoroni mu Rwanda kandi uyifate mu mutwe, uyikinire imbere ya bagenzi bawe uhuza imvugo n’ingiro, ndetse ugaragaze n’isesekaza.
IX.4. Isuzuma risoza umutwe wa kenda
Umwandiko: Rukara rwa Bishingwe na Rugigana
Yuhi V Musinga yimye ingoma mu 1897, afite imyaka 17 gusa. Mu 1912, ubutegetsi bwe bwari bubangamiwe na Ndungutse, witwaga mu by’ukuri Birasisenge, yifatanyije na Rukara rwa Bishingwe wari ukuriye abarashi bo mu Gahunga, hafi ya Muhabura, bakaba mu mutwe w’Abakemba ; na Basebya na Nyirantwari wiberaga mu Rugezi n’Ibijabura bye. Padiri Lupiya (Loupias), witwaga Rugigana wari mu Misiyoni ya Rwaza mu Bugarura, yatumwe n’ibwami gukemura urubanza Bitahurugamba wari uhatswe na Sebuyange, umukuru w’Abarashi ba Kabaya hafi ya Ruhondo yari afitanye na Rukara. Bahuriye i Nyabugogo, ku itariki ya 1 Mata 1910. Rugigana amaze gupfa, Umudage Liyetena Guvedoyusi (Guvedoyus) ari we Bwana Lazima, yayoboye igitero, kiyogoza ako karere kugeza ubwo Ndungutse yishwe ku wa 15/5/1912, Rukara na Basebya barafatwa.
( …) Cyo se Rukara rwa Bishingwe, tanga inka za Bitahurugamba. Rukara ati : « Cyo se muzungu we, ko waje uri umupadiri uje kwigisha, ubucamanza wabugiyemo ute ? (...) Umuzungu aramusumira rero, amukubita ikirato, yamukubise n’ingofero.Abakemba barirutse, Uruyenzi rurirutse. Arerembuzwa amaso Rukara. Ati: « Bakemba, Ruyenzi, Bemeranzigwe, nababwiye ngo iki se ba nyabusa? Sinababwiye ngo ubwo nzagera i Burayi, ntimuzanterekere mba ndoga Bishingwe!”Arahindukira Manuka, amukubise icondo ry’ingabo, amuhirika kuri Rukara, aramuteye Rukurira, amukubise iryizihiye abagabo iry’abantu bise Nyirabuhuri. Maze arimugeneye mu gihumbi, igihururu gitakara mu nzira, inkweto zitakara i Bugarura, inkuru mbi itaha i Burayi. Inkuru nziza itaha i Kabiranyama, kwa Kavumbi nyina w’Ivubi.
Aramwishe Ingangurarugo ya Ruhuta, nyiri uruge ruvuga nk’indamutsa. Arahagurutse urw’igikundiro, ati: “Ndakwishe ndi se wa Nyirinkwaya.”Arapfuye umuzungu. Rukara aba arahunze. Abakemba barahunze, Abemeranzigwe barahunze, Urukandagira rurahunga, bahungira mu Bufumbira. Bimaze iminsi ga rero, umugaragu wa Rukara bagenzi, amutura inzoga mu kabindi. Amusanga kwa Nyirahire wa Mpimuye. Ati “Waraye ga Rukara?” Ati: “Nta maramuko ga nyabusa, kuba iw’abandi birananiye rero.” Undi ati: “Humura umwami yimye”. “Yimye yitwa nde se Nyabusa?” Undi ati:« Yimye kuri Rutangira. » Maze haza Rukara rero, yeguye imyambi yujuje umutana n’amacumu yuzuye intagara, akorera Nyirinkwaya na Bigaruka, baragenda no kwa Ndungutse. Ati: « Data yahatswe n’umwami, sogokuru yahatswe n’umwami, none urandinde abazungu, nanganye n’abazungu mba nkuroga. » Ati:« Narabimenye ga Rukara, humura ndabakurinda mba ndoga Kalinda. » Amuhaye inka y’umweru, ikonsa ikimasa cy’urusengo.
Hasigaye Nyirinkwaya na Bigaruka na Cyaruhinda na Nyiringabo, basigara bahatswe kuri uwo mwami. Pawuro azanye urwandiko ruvuye ku muzungu witwa Bwana Lazima rero, barutuma kuri Ndungutse ngo azafate Rukara. Mu gitondo, Rukara n’umuhungu we Nyirinkwaya ati : « Garuka Rukara, bakuguze, bakuguze cyane ibi bikomeye, ugiye gupfa mba nkuroga! » Undi ati : « Humura mwana wange, sinjya kugwa mu gihuru, ahubwo nzapfe neza. »
Araje Rukara, ageze kwa Ndungutse, ati : « Waraye ga Ndungutse ? » Undi ati : « Nawe uraho se Rukara, ngwino tubuguze Rukara. » Rukara yagiye ku gisoro, arabuguza na Ndungutse. Abona Pawuro uwo rero, aturutse mu bikingi by’amarembo. Aramukebutse Rukara. « Yampaye inka Bishingwe! Cyo Ndungutse nawe ngibiriya ibyo nanganye na byo biraje.” Undi ati : « Humura ndabikurinda. » Undi ati : « Ihi. ntabwo ukibindinze, ahubwo wantanze mba ndoga umwami!»
Araje Pawuro se bwangu, ati : « Yambu Rukara. » Undi ati : « Yambu nayanganiye na shobuja. » Aranze aramukomeza Pawuro, abasirikare baramukomeje, baramujyanye Rukara. Arapfukama rwose ahenera Ndungutse, ati : « Ntukime i Rwanda ndi Umucyaba. Ndagiye urw’igikundiro, urwa Semukanya, ngiye kwishyura icyo nakoze, ariko wowe uzishyura icyo utakoze.” Ageze mu Ruhengeri rero, ari ho kwa Bwana Lazima ati : « Yambu Rukara ». Undi ati :« Yambu nayanganiye na mwene wanyu, sinshaka kwamburwa abana kandi mbarora ndabafite : mfite Nyirinkwaya na Bigaruka, Cyaruhinda na Nyiringabo, Nyamuromba na Ruhigirakurinda, mfite songa ry’Abarashi na Kalimijabo Nyirinkwaya. »
« Ni nde wishe umuzungu se Rukara ? » Undi ati : « Nawe banza umwibwire, ko numva ngo muzi kwandika, kandi ibyo ubimbariza iki ? » Ati : « Ihi. mbwira
uwishe umuzungu. » Abajije Ruganda, ga bagenzi, ati « Uwishe umuzungu ni Rukara » Arongera abaza Ruhanga ati : « Uwishe umuzungu ni Rukara » Yabajije Ruzirampuhwe ati : « Uwishe umuzungu ni Rukara. » Undi ati : « Ntubyumva se Rukara ? » Undi ati : « Ndabyumva ga rwose, nubwo wambarizaga ubusa, ni nge
wamwishe rwose, ntabwo mbyigoragoraho.»
« Ngwino unyongwe se Rukara ! » Ati : « Harya kunyongwa ni uguki ? Barakumanika mu giti, maze bakurase urufaya.Yampaga inka Bishingwe ! Mbese ngiye kugwa mu kimaniko nk’imbwa!
Cyo se wa muzungu we, umpe inzoga nziza, maze nkunde nyinywe nge kunyongwa.” Yabwiye Rubashabadihe ati: “Mumumpere inzoga yewe”. Rubasha se yaraje, amuha inzoga y’urwagwa, ati: “Aho nabereye mwene Bishingwe, sinzi kunywa kigombe.” Amuhaye inzoga y’amarwa, ati: “Aho nabereye mwene Bishingwe guheregeta ibivuzo. Se Nyirinkwaya, mwana wange, munzanire Nyiragitare, bagenzi maze nyinywe nge kunyongwa.” Bamuzaniye Nyiragitare arayinyoye Rukara, ayisangiye ga n’Abakemba, atereka Abakemba n’Abemeranzigwe, ateretse Urukandagira se bagenzi.
“Bakemba mbasezeyeho, Rukandagira mbasezeyeho, Bemeranzigwe mbasezeyeho, bana bange murabeho. Ndagiye kunyongwa bagenzi, ngiye kwishyura Rugigana nishe.” Ati: “Cyo wa muzungu we, maze rero ntunkorere ku bana, umuntu yapfuye ari umwe, none kandi ahubwo ngiye kwishyura rero, nange napfuye ndi undi, abana bange bazahame aho ngaho.” Ati: “Ndabikwemereye Rukara, genda uge kunyongwa.”
Aratambutse Rukara rero, umusirikare yagiye imbere, undi yagiye inyuma, se bagenzi. Bakemba murabeho. Arahaguruka Manuka rero, cyo se Rukara Nkezamiheto, iyi Rugina, nyiruruge ruvuga nk’indamutsa, ngeze mu Nkomane za Nyakarengo, ni bwo nazaga kuvuga imyato. Ese akibuko wagashyira he? Ese ku itako ntiwakebuka? Arakebutse urw’igikundiro, arakebutse urwa Semukanya, ashinze amenyo abiri rero, ashikuza igeneti ku itako, ry’umusirikare ga bagenzi, arimukubitira mu rwano, risohokana mu mutima imbere. (…)
Ngo amaze kwisasira uwo musirikare witwaga Birambo, yashatse guhunga, araswa urufaya, bamumanika agisimbagurika ataraca.
I. Ibibazo byo kumva no gusesengura umwandiko
1. Uyu mwandiko ni bwoko ki? Kubera iki?
2. Rugigana na Lazima bavugwa mu mwandiko ni bantu ki? Bari bashinzwe iki?
3. Ni ikihe gisingizo cya Rukara twafata nk’ikivugo ke kigufi.
4. Uhereye ku mwandiko, amatorero ane yari agize abarashi bo mu Gahunga
hafi ya Muhabura bitaga Abakemba ni ayahe ?
5. Kubera iki Rukara yanyonzwe kandi atari we wishe umuzungu?
6. Garagaza ingingo z’ingenzi zivugwa mu mwandiko.
7. Ni iki washima Rukara, ni iki wamugaya?
I. Ikibazo k’inyunguramagambo
1. Shaka mu mwandiko ijambo rihuje igisobanuro n’interuro zikurikira:
a) Igikoresho batwaramo amacumu.
b) Kwicwa umanitswe ku giti hanyuma ukanyongwa.
c) Iromba riba mu bitugu by’ingabo hagati.
d) Igikoresho kimeze nk’agafuka ingabo zatwaragamo imyambi
2. Sobanura amagambo akurikira, ukurikije inyito afite mu mwandiko
a) Kuvuga imyato
b) Indamutsa
c) Guhegeta ibivuzo
d) Kuraswa urufayaIII. Ibibazo ku ikinamico
1. Tandukanya ikinamico nterabitwenge n’ikinamico y’amateka.
2. Ni izihe kinamico z’uruhererekane eshatu uzi zabimburiye izindi mu Rwanda?
3. Garagaza igishushanyo k’ ishushanyabikorwa mu ikinamico.
4. Garagaza izina ry’umwanditsi kuri buri kinamico ikurikira:
a) Impumuro y’isano
b) Ni jye mwiza
b) Rugari rwa Gasabo
c) Amazi si ya yandi
5. Ikinamico ifite akahe kamaro mu buzima bw’Abanyarwanda?
6. Sobanura muri make uturango dutanu tw’ikinamico.
7. Tandukanya inkubiri y’ibikorwa na kidobya.
II. Ihangamwandiko
Ufatiye ku nsanganyamatsiko wize, hanga ikinamico ukurikije uturago twayo n’amawiriza yo guhanga ikinamico.
IBITABO N’INYANDIKO BYIFASHISHIJWE
1. IKIGÔ CY’ÛBUSHAAKASHAATSI MU BY’ÛBUHAÂNGA N’ÎIKÔRANABÛHAÂNGA (n.d), Inkoranya y’Îkinyarwaanda mu Kinyarwaanda, IRST Butare, Igitabo cya 1
2. IKIGO K’IGIHUGU GISHINZWE INTEGANYANYIGISHO NCDC (2008). Imyandiko mfashanyigisho, Umwaka wa gatanu w’amashuri yisumbuye.
3. IKIGO K’IGIHUGU GISHINZWE INTEGANYANYIGISHO NCDC (2008), Imyandiko mfashanyigisho, Umwaka wa gatandatu w’amashuri yisumbuye.
4. INTEKO NYARWANDA Y’URURIMI N’UMUCO (2014). Amabwiriza ya Minisitiri no 001/2014 yo ku wa 08/10/2014 agenga imyandikire yemewe y’Ikinyarwanda, Kigali.
5. NSANZABERA, J.D. (2013) Ikeshamvugo mu Kinyarwanda: imvugo isukuye, ikeshamvugo ry’amagambo akwiye n’inshoberamahanga zisobanuye. Kigali.
6. JACOB I. (1983). Dictionnaire Rwandais-Français en 3 volumes, Tome premier, Kigali.
7. JACOB I. (1985). Dictionnaire Rwandais-Français en 3 volumes, Tome troisième, I.N.R.S,Butare.
8. Mgr BIGIRUMWAMI, A. (1984). Imihango n’Imigenzo n’Imiziririzo mu Rwanda, Nyundo, Troisième édition.
9. MINISTRY OF EDUCTION-RWANDA EDUCATION BOARD (2019), Ikinyarwanda, Amashuri y’isumbuye, umwaka wa 4, Amashami yiga Ikinyarwanda nk’isomo rusange.
10. MINISTRY OF EDUCTION-RWANDA EDUCATION BOARD (2019), Ikinyarwanda, Amashuri y’isumbuye, umwaka wa 5, Amashami yiga Ikinyarwanda nk’isomo rusange.
11. RWANDA EDUCATION BOARD (2015) Integanyanyigisho y’Ikinyarwanda mu mashuri nderabarezi (TTC) umwaka 1, amashami ya siyansi n’imbonezamubano.
12. COUPEZ, A. 1980. Abrégé de Grammaire Rwanda, Tome 1,2. Butare : INRS.
13. BIZIMANA, S., 1998, Imiteêrere y’Ȋkinyarwaanda I, IRST, Butare.
14. BIZIMANA, S., 2002, Imiteêrere y’Ȋkinyarwaanda II, IRST, Butare.
15. MINISITERI Y’AMASHURI ABANZA N’AYISUMBUYE: Ikinyarwanda: umwaka wa munani Gashyantare 1988.
16. RWANDA EDUCATION BOARD . (2019). Iteganyanyigisho y’Ikinyarwanda mu mashuri nderabarezi (TTC) uwamaka wa 1,2&3 Ishami ry’indimi. Kigali, REB.
17. RWANDA EDUCATION BOARD . (2017). Ikinyarwanda-Amashuri yisumbuye, umwaka wa 6, Igitabo cy’umunyeshuri. Kigali-Rwanda.
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20. MUTAKE, T., 1990, Ikibonezamvugo k’ Ikinyarwanda: Iyigamajwi n’iyigamvugo les Editions de la Regie de l’Imprimerie scolaire.
21. RUGAMBA, C., 1985. Chansons Rwandaises ; INRS/BUTARE
22. RWANDA EDUCATION BOARD, 2018. Ikinyarwanda-Amashuri yisumbuye umwaka wa kane, igitabo cy’umunyeshuri. Kigali- Rwanda.
23. MBONIMANA G. na NKEJABAHIZI J.C, 2011. Amateka y’ubuvanganzo nyarwanda, kuva mu kinyejana cya XVII kugeza magingo aya, Editions de l’Université Nationnale du Rwanda.
Imbuga nkoranyambaga zifashishijwe
IMIGEREKA
Twiyungure amagambo
Ab’i Nawe: abashumba b’i Nawe (umurambi wo muri Rwamagana, hamwe n’i Rubona na Mabare). Hari urwuri rwa Niboye.
Abaririmba impanzi: abarata intwari baziririmba; abasingiza intwari.
Abatasi: abantu bahabwa ubutumwa bwo kujya gutara amakuru rwihishwa.
Abayavugutira: abavuguta umuvuba kugira ngo umuriro wo mu ruganda wake cyane, ibyuma bacura bidapfuba.
Abazereka Intamati: abazimurikira Intamati (Ni Muhamyangabo wa Byabagabo wari umutware w’ingabo z’Abashakamba; akaba ubwo n’Umutware w’Umuhozi). Intamati ni interuro y’ikivugo cya Muhamyangabo.
Abura iyo asesa: iyo asubiza inyuma, iyo avana ku murongo.
Agaciro: akamaro.
Aho ni mu igisha ryazo: ubwo ni mu gihe zigisha (zigiye aho ubwatsi busigaye baziteganyirije mu gihe k’impeshyi).
Akaba impogazi: akaba manini
Akangaratete: akaga; ibibazo bikomeye..
Amacakubiri: urwangano cyangwa ubwumvikane buke buvuka hagati y’abantu bari basanzwe bumvikanye; inzira zibyaye amahari.
Amacumu y’impangare: amacumu akomeye cyane.
Amagi y’umuzungu: amagi abaturage bagemuriraga Ababirigi baraye ku gasozi runaka.
Amajune: ibyago, ibibazo, akaga.
Amakenke: amacumu akwikiye mu nti zihuhuye, batera zigahemba, zikavunika kuko nta buremere.
Amakoro: amaturo bahaga umwami, agizwe n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi, ubworozi n’ibindi.
Amaramu: amazi batera icyuma kugira ngo gihore iyo bari mu ruganda. Hano ni uguhoza icumu ryashyushye cyane kubera imirwano.Amarebe: ni ijambo rifite inyito eshatu:
-Ibicu by’urwererane mu ijuru ry’urubogobogo.
-Ibimera byo mu mazi usanga bishishe.
-Ibintu bikeye, bibengerana ubwiza. Iyi nyito ya gatatu ni yo umwisi yakoresheje.
Amaribori: umubiri mwiza ushishe ufite utuntu tujya kumera nk’udusitari. Ni
akarangabwiza.
Amariza y’i Ntora: inka zibyaye uburiza z’i Ntora (muri Gasabo). Gisozi yitwa Ntora. Ntora yiswe Gisozi kuva aho Cyirima II Rujugira ahatangiye (ahapfiriye). Hakoze ishyano hitwa Gisozi ubwo. Iryo zina ni nk’irituka uwo musozi.
Amariza y’Impeta: impeta zibyaye ubwa kabiri. Impeta ni umutwe w’inyambo wahozeho, hanyuma ukavugwa n’Umuhozi. Aho bavuga Umuhozi wumva Impeta, aho bavuze impeta ukumva Umuhozi.
Amashyo y’i Rukara: ayo mashyo ni ay’Uruyenzi n’Inyangamitsindo; zikaba izo mu Bihogo.
Amavugabandi: ukuvuga ingeso z’abandi. Amazimano: amafunguro bakiriza umushyitsi. Arukatire icyuma: arucurire icyuma.
Atahije izamamaje: aragiye ituma ziba ibyamamare zose.
Ateretsemo: atunzemo. Ubundi bavuga ko umuntu ateretse imfizi. Aha ni ukuvuga ko atunze inyambo y’indatwa, yitarura izindi nkuko mu bushyo imfizi usanga yitaruye inka zose.
Ayo makombe ntayashishwe: muri izo ntwari zose nta n’imwe yajijinganyije ngo ite gahunda, ite umurongo kubera ubwoba.
Badatata: Bataneka ngo bamenye amakuru anyuranye ava mu bo barwana.
Bagakuka mu muhigo: bakareka ibyo guhiga.
Bakubuye imanzi: batatse imanzi, kera abagabo bicishaga imanzi mu gituza no ku maboko, byari imitako. Gukubura imanzi ni uguca imanzi.
Bamaze kuyandura: bamaze kumena ubugi bwayo (kubutyaza neza).
Basanze zigaramye: basanze ari ibigarama; atari inyambo; atari n’inkuku; ibigwari.
Bayigimba umurishyo: bayikubita umurishyo: bayiha umurishyo
Bayisenga: bayihendahenda.
Bazegamire: bazisunge.
Baziguruka amahembe yabageza i Nyarubuye: basanga nta mahembe atunganye yatuma bajya mu myiyerekano i Nyarubuye (mu mpiga ya Kigali, ahari umurwa wa Kigeri wa IV Rwabugiri).
Cyareretsemo inyamibwa: cyahagazwemo n’indatwa zizira amakemwa.
Guha undi urwuya: Kuryamana na we mukaba mwakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Guhangura imbizi: kugororera Imbizi, kuziha ingororano.
Guhata imberera: gutsindagira akuma gafatanya uruti n’ikigembe kugira ngo ridakuka igihe batera icumu. Gukwikira cyane.
Guhuga: kwibagirwa by’umwana muto; kuba wibanze ku murimo by’akanya gato ntihagire ikikurangaza; kumenyera ikintu wakibura ukamererwa nabi; kutagira ishya ( amahirwe) .
Guhumanya: gutera indwara, kwanduza indwara.
Guhunga: kuva ahantu ukajya ahandi ushaka kuzibukira umuntu cyangwa ikintu; kuva ahantu ukajya ahandi ari ugukiza amagara yawe; kwirinda ko ibintu byakurangwaho cyangwa ngo bikuvugweho; gutinya gutabara ikintu cyangwa umuntu, biri mu byago; gusubirisha amagambo y’inkeramucyamo ikibazo ubajijwe.
Gukaguka: ni uguhaguruka vuba na vuba. Gukemba: gutemagura ikintu uko cyakabaye Gukubanga: kwigarurira.
Gupfa nta kibariro: gupfa ukenyutse.
Gusatira: kuba hafi y’uwo ushaka.
Gushyira mu gaciro: gukora/ gukora ibintu bitunganye.
Gusugira: kujya kera k’umuntu cyangwa ikintu cyangwa inyamaswa.
Gutera ingamba: kujya ku mirongo by’intore.Gutesha agaciro: gupfobya, gusuzuguza, gutesha icyubahiro.
I Bwishaza: Ni Akarere ko muri Karongi.
I Murambi: umusozi wo mu magepfo ya Muhazi ho mu Buganza.
I Mwima: hafi y’I Nyanza, ahari umurwa w’umwami.
I Nyamagana ya Mutakara: ni mu Ruhango.
I Rubengera: ni muri Karongi hubatswe ubungubu itorero ry’Abaperesibiteriyeni Hahoze hubatswe umurwa wa Kigeli Rwabugilfi.
Ibatunge: ibategeke. Ibishishi: ibiheri byo mu maso Icondo: Iromba ry’ingabo
Icyamamare k’inyambo: inyamibwa, indatwa yo mu nyambo.
Igihugu: kirangwa n’ubutaka bufite imbibi zizwi, amateka n’ubutegetsi buhuriweho n’abagituye, ibirango bose bibonamo, umuco, ururimi n’imyemerere bitandukanye n’iby’abandi, umutungo kamere usangiwe ariko kandi cyane, igihugu kikarangwa n’abagituye.
Igishondabagabo: ubwoko bw’igisiga cy’umweru kiba mu mubade giteye nka nyirabarazana.
Ikimaneza: ukugira neza.
Ikina n’ingoma y’indamutsa: ijya mu bicu (isimbuka) ikina n’umurishyo w’ingoma iramutsa.
Ikiramo: ireme cyangwa ubukomere bw’icyuma. Icumu, umuhoro bidafite ikiramo bicika ubusa. Iyo bavuga ko umuntu afite ikiramo aba afite imbaraga. Guha umuntu ikiramo ni ukumuha ibintu bimutera imbaraga. Ikibindi gifite ikiramo ni ikibindi gikomeye kubera ko bashyizemo insibo ikomeye.
Ikirezi: ubundi ni umutako w’akantu kera bambaraga mu ijosi. Aha bivuga ikintu kiza cyane, (urwererane); ni inka iziruta ubwiza. Ni isumba izo mu Muhozi zose.
Ikiryakare: umuntu ukunda kuzinduka arya.
Ikitwa nyirazo: ikaba umutware wazo.
Ikivanzu: umugore wahukanye akiri ikirongore.
Imana zicyuye: ubuhoro; amahirwe; ishya zizanye.
Imbera byombi: ikintu gishobora gukoreshwa mu bintu binyuranye.
Imbibi: Inka nziza, zifite umubiri ukeye.
Imbizi: ni impakanizi y’ubushyo bw’Ingeri. Imbizi n’Ingeri bihuje inyito isobanura kugusha mu mazi rwagati.
Imfanakayo: umuntu utirengeza icyo atunze.
Imirase: imyambi y’izuba; amaraso yipfundika mu biranga by’inyamaswa baragura, uruguma rwasamye, umususirane w’ijuru ukunda kuza izuba rirenze.
Impamakwica: umutwe w’ingabo za kera.
Imparuzo: ubwiza buvanze n’ubushongore bw’ikirenga.
Impeberagushahurwa: umuntu utagira ubwoba.
Impombo ntirushye ihaca: iy’intege nke ntigerageze kuhanyura.
Impumbu: Umugore cyangwa umukobwa utazi gucunda.
Impundazo: umwenge w’imbuga ugenewe gusesekamo uruti (gukwikiramo uruti) cyangwa igice cy’uruti gisongoye binjiza mu mbuga. Hano ni icyo gice cy’uruti.
Indiragukinduka: ikirondwe kinini Indirakarame: umuntu urya adakora Indwanabyinshi: umuntu udatezuka ku rugamba.
Ingabo zidahomboka: ingabo zidahunga –Ingabo zihombotse ni iziruka kubera ubwoba, zigahunga zitazi iyo zijya.
Ingamba: ibyemezo bifatika kandi bihamye.
Ingirabibiri: umuntu utagenzwa na kamwe.
Ingondo yakebwe mu rwirungu: utubara twera tuvanze n’utundi tw’umukara.
Inka ya Rumonyi: ni iyo mu bushyo bw’Ingeri zo mu mutwe “Umuhozi” (Amagaju).
Inka z’umugogoro: ni inka zakamirwaga umuzungu waraye ku gasozi kariho abatunzi, bashoboraga gukama zahumuza bakazicyura, bitashoboka bakiyemeza kujya bagemura.
Inkerarubanza: ihora yiteguye imirwano. Urubanza ni intambara.
Inkindi y’Abashakamba: umutware w’Abashyakamba.
Inkirirahato: ishaka riri mu mutsima.
Inkoni ikirirwa isabira: inkoni ikirirwa yivuza, bazesereza.
Inkora: Inzira yaremwe n’ikintu cyahaciye. Inkotanyi cyane: cyari igisingizo kindi cya Rwabugiri Inkundarubyino: umuntu ukunda gusamara.
Insengamihigo: ni ubundi bushyo bw’Umuhozi bwabyawe n’Ingeri.
Inshamake: amagambo avuzwe ku buryo buhinnye.
Intumwa ihangara amanywa: intumwa igenda umunsi wose nta guhagarara.
Inumbiri: Igisabo kinini cyane.
Inyamibwa baririkiye hose: indatwa baririmba hose.
Inyamibwa rwema: intwari y’ikirangirire (ni interuro y’ikivugo cy Mutara wa II Rwogera)-isa n’umwami Rwogera.
Inyangabirama: umuntu utishakira ineza ntayishakire abandi (ikihebe)
Inyundo ntiyayakiranya: inyundo iyateranya neza ntiyayasigamo utuntu tw’imitutu, yarayanogeje.
Ipfunwe: isoni umuntu aterwa n’uko agize nabi, ikimwaro
Isanganizwa ingoma: isanganizwa imirishyo y’ingoma, bayirata kubera gutsinda.
Isanishantego: isanisha rishingiye ku turemajambo.
Isibe: inyabwoba.
Itiro: ni umutwe wundi w’inyambo.
Iy’ingoga: izirusha guhagurukana imbaraga ijya ku rugamba.
Iy’ingondo: inziza cyane kubera ko ikebye imanzi.
Iz’ i Mbuye: ni Ingeyo. Umutware w’Ingeyo wari n’Umutware w’ingabo zitwaga uruyange; yari atuye i Mbuye ho muri Muhanga.
Izamuje: ni ubushyo bwo mu mutwe w’Ingeyo(Ibihogo)
Iziba ziteretse inyamibwa: kuko zimitse intwari itagira aho igayitse.
Izimura mu biraro: izivana mu biraro (aho zabaga).
Ku kirwa: ni ku kirwa kitwa Murwa kiri mu Kivu hakurya ya Nyamasheke, cyari urwuri rw’Umuhozi.
Ku mbuga: si ukuvuga aho banika, ni imbuga y’ icumu
Ku mpitira: ku nti z’amacumu zikomeye cyane kubera ko zimaze igihe, zitadigadiga.
Ku Munini wa Gishari: ni muri Rwamagana. Ku y’ imberera: ku macumu akwikiye cyane . Kubuganiza amata: Gusuka amata mu gisabo.
Kubura agaciro: kubura uburyo, kwipfusha ubusa; kwigira imburamumaro.
Kubura agashweshwe: kubura agakuru
Kubyinira ku rukoma: kwishima cyane, kwizihirwa, kumva utuje.
Kugira amakenga: kugira ubwoba umuntu abutewe n’icyo akeka ko kitamugwa neza cyangwa se ko kitamutunganira
Kugishisha inka: kujyana inka ahandi hantu hari ubwatsi mu gihe k’izuba ryinshi.
Kujundika ubumara: kujundika ni kuba ufite ikintu mu kanwa; ubumara ni uburozi basiga ku kintu ntibuhagarike. Uburozi buba muri kamere y’ibisimba bimwe na bimwe bwica cyangwa bigwangaza uwo birumye.
Kunyaga: gutwara imitungo y’undi ku mbaraga.
Kuramvura ingoma: kuyibaza.
Kurekera: kureka umwambi ukagenda, kurasa. Kurembera imuroha: gukubita icumu rirerire. Kurumanza amacibiri: kwiriza inka zitanyoye.
Kuvogera umugezi: kuwunyuramo n’amaguru uwambuka.
Kuvuna impuruza: kwitaba ingoma ihuruza ingabo ku rugamba.
Kuvunyisha: gusaba uburenganzira bwo kwinjira ahantu ubagendereye.
Kuvuza uruhindu: Kuboha ibyibo ukoresheje uruhindu.
Kuzesereza: iyo umushumba yiyereka imbere y’inka azivuga amazina, akora kimwe n’uwiyereka imbere y’intore. Iyo asimbutse agakubita agakoni hasi,1 bavugako yeshe uruti. Ni uburyo bwo guhimbaza.
Kuzira inka: Kujya mu mihango y’ukwezi ku gitsina gore.
Kwambara inkoba: kwambara imitako yo gutungukana mu myiyereko. Bayambikaga Inyambo zigiye kumurikwa mu birori. Inkoba ni imikoba babaga baraharazeho amasaro.
Kwikorana umuheto: gutangira kugenda ufite umuheto
Mbonye urugori rugoga: ndabona urugori rubengerana (ikimenyetso ko zose zabyaye ubuheta)
Mpabuka: ntibivuga ikintu gihabuka kubera gukuka umutima, ahubwo ni igihagurukana ingoga, imbaraga.
Mparara: ni umucuzi wabayeho ku ngoma ya Kigeli wa IV Rwabugili. Yari atuye muri Gicumbi mu kibaya cya Rutagara, munsi y’umusozi wa Remera ya Humure. Gukaza ni ugutyaza.
Mu cyoko: ahantu kure nk’aho imvura ituruka.
Mu gihumbi: mu bitugu
Mu ntagara: aho babika amacumu.
N’iyo ibagiriye isoni: n’iyo ibapfuye agasoni, n’iyo ibababariye.
Nakivogeye: nakigezemo hagati nkigabije
Ndimbira zirataha: ndimbira ziza kwiyereka. Ndimbira bwari ubundi bushyo bw’Umuhozi.
Ni bwo bazitanze: ni bwo bazeguye berekana ko baretse imihigo.
Ni iz’iruguru zose: zose ziramenyereye.
Nkubito: umuntu cyangwa ikintu bigira inkubito, biba bifite ibakwe, bihaguruka
ntakuzarira.
Ntagisimbuka akatsi: nta cyo ngishoboye, ntagishoboye kugenda, nshaje.
Ntayirasohorerwa inda: nta n’imwe irata umwanya wayo ngo isubizwe inyuma.
Nyakotsi: ubwoko bw’icyogajuru cyajyaga kiboneka inshuro imwe mu myaka ijana.
Nyirigira: umwami.
Nywuhimbaje intanage: nawushizemo imyambi nishimye
Reka aratire Ibihogo: reka abwire Ibihogo.
Rubahina umurumango: rubatera kwiriranwa inyota bakayirarana. Rugemanduru amacumu: iyitaba induru ihagurukanye amacumu. Rugombangogo: uwica ubukombe (umuntu ukomeye w’ingogo) Rugomwa: indwanyi itagira ibambe .
Rukabura imigereka: itera intwaro igeretse ku ntwaro z’ ingenzi.
Rukaka: ni interuro y’ikivugo cya Rwakageyo, se wa Rwabigwi, wari umutware w’Izamuje.
Rukaza: gukaza icyuma, icumu ni ukuryongeramo ubugi.
Rukomera bigembe: ikubitisha ibigembe
Rutagwabiza iminega: itajya ipfusha ubusa na rimwe amacumu yayo: ntihusha na rimwe.
Rwa mugabo nyirigira: ikomoka ku ntwari izisumba, yigize (itagendera ku zindi).
Rwesa: bifatiye ku inshinga “kwesa” isobanura gutura hasi, gucura inkumbi, kwica icyo wishe ntigisambe.
Rwimirankuku: ni inka ya Rumonyi yigizayo inkuku.
Rwiyamwa: Umuntu abandi biyama, bagendera kure kubera urugomo cyangwa amarere yo gushoza intambara.
Singanirwa: sinsubira inyuma
Ubujyahabi: kugana mu bukene cyangwa mu byago.
Uburere mboneragihugu: uburere bubereye Igihugu, bugihesha ishema, butuma gikundwa, cyubahwa, kikanagendwa. Uburere mboneragihugu bugamije kubaka, gushimangira, gukomeza ubumenyi bw’abanyagihugu ku bireba Igihugu cyabo.
Ubutegetsi bwa kiboko: ubutegetsi bukandamiza, ubutegetsi bukoresha igitugu.
Ubuvivi n’ubuvivure: abana bakomoka ku gisekuru k’inyuma cyane, uhereye ku mwana w’umwuzukuruza wawe.
Umugiraneza: umuntu utabara abandi.
Umuhinza: umwami w’agahugu gato abantu bubahaga nk’ikimana, bakamutura amakoro na we akabaha imvura, akabahahiriza (guhashya) ibyonnyi akabatsirikira ibiza.
Umunywande: ubwoko bw’igiti.
Umurego wera: umuheto mwiza
Umurishyo uhumuriza: umurishyo ukurikiyeho; uherekeza.
Umurwanashyaka: umunyamuryango w’ishyaka runaka.
Umutagara w’ibihubi: urusobe rw’imirishyo.
Umutana w’inkoni: ni igitembo batwaramo udukoni two kwiyereka mu birori by’inyambo.
Umutungo kamere: iteraniro ry’ibintu umuntu atunze, bituruka mu byo abantu basanze ku isi kandi bakenera buri munsi. Urugero: amazi, amabuye y’agaciro, ibimera, umwuka,…
Umwami utabangira: utajijiganya mu bikorwa.
Umwana Sentama: Rutishereka rwa Rwanyonga wari umutware w’Uruhimbaza, rwaremwe ku bwa Yuhi wa IV Gahindiro.
Umwangavu: umukobwa umaze kumera amabere
Umwigaguhuma: icyana k’impyisi.
Umwimirizi: ugenda imbere y’inka, akazihagarika cyangwa akazibuza kugenga zirukanka.
Uribagizwa: ushimishwa. Ikintu k’iribagizwa ni ikintu kiza, cy’urunyenyeri rubengerana, rutera ibishashi.
Uruganda: inzu cyangwa ahantu umucuzi akorera umwuga we, ahantu bakorera ibintu byagenewe gucuruzwa.
Uruhehemure: ikintu kiza cyane gifite isuku n’umucyo.
Uruhererekane: Ikintu cyabaye karande, kiva ku muntu kijya ku wundi, kiva ku kintu kijya ku kindi ntigicike, inyigisho abakera bagiye basigira abandi ho umurage.
Uruhimbi: Agatanda gatunganije neza baterekaho amata.
Urushingati: agati k’umuko bakubagamo urushingo kugira ngo haboneke umuriro.
Urushingo: agati k’umuko bakoreshaga bashaka umuriro.
Uruvunganzoka: abantu cyangwa ibintu byinshi, bigendera hamwe kandi bidahana umwanya wo gutambuka
Urw’intwari rukarema: intwari zikarema ingamba (zikajya ku mirongo).
Urwano: umwanya wo hagati y’ijosi n’urutugu uremetse neza.
Ushinge icumu mu ngeri: wicare witegereze ubushyo bw’ Ingeri.
Uw’inkokora nke: umuntu udafite ibizigira, udafite imbaraga mu maboko.
Yabakuye imirambi: yabambuye ku mbaraga imyanya yabo yo kuhira. Umurambi ni umwanya buri muntu ushoye inka aba yafashe. Uwatanze undi umurambi (umwanya) ni we ubanza, ariko urushije undi imbaraga ashobora kumucaho. Ubwo aba akomase (arwanye inkomati, asagaye).
Yarukubitiye umucuzi: yaruhaye umucuzi.
Zabumbuje: kubumbuza ni ukugenda wihuta kandi ugendera ku ntambwe zisa n’izibaze.
Zaciwe urubanza: zakiranuwe.
Zaheje: zimiriye, zabujije kugaragara.
Zaje ziyatendeje: zaje ziyahese (ikimenyetso cy’uko zayicishije).
Zanyuriye Rubanda: zashimishije Rubanda.
Zayaharaze urugina: zayasize amaraso ku rugamba, zarayicishije cyane.
Zibamo rugombangogo: Itegekwa n’intwari yishe ingogo nyinshi ku rugamba. Rugombangogo ni interuro y’ikivugo cy’Umutware w’Ingeri.
Ziga ingoga: izindi nka zigiraho imbaduko, umwete.
Zigahimbaza isibo: zikishima umuvuduko.
Zigahindukirana ishya: zikava kuri icyo kirwa zimeze neza, zikeye.
Zigashengera zose nta yo bashize amarora: zigatarama (zikiyereka)zose nthagire n’imwe bumva barambiwe kuyitegereza.
Zigashingana Kigese: zigaterera Kigese.
Zigashingira indamutsa imyato zayigiriye: zigatangira kwibwira ingoma y’indamutsa ibikorwa by’agatangaza yayikoreye. Indamutsa yari ingoma y’ibwami, iyo yavugaga yabaga imenyesheje rubanda ko umwami atangiye kubonana na rubanda, iyo yabaga itaravuga, ntawashoboraga kugira icyo abaza umwami n’iyo yabaga amubona.
Zigataha ishakaka: zikahitangirana imbaraga.
Zikabyukurutsa Ingabe: zigahagurutsa ingoma y’ingabe ikazirangaza imbere.
Zikamurikanwa n’ingoma: bakazerekana ari ko n’ingoma zivuga.
Zikavogera imbizi: zikambuka uruzi (uruzi ruvugwa ni Nyabarongo). Inyambo ziturutse i Murambi mu burasirazuba, zigiye kwiyereka umwami kuko yari mu burengerazuba bwa Nyabarongo.
Zisesuyeho: zendeyeho, zifatiyeho ari ku butwari ari no ku bwiza.
Imyadiko y’inyongera
1. Igitero cy’umunsi w’inyana
Igitero cy’umunsi w’inyana cyabaye ku ngoma ya Yuhi IV Gahindiro. Impamvu yatumye kiba twayendeyeho kumenya uko uwo mwami yari yarahimbye itegeko yihaye ubwe rikwiye kudutangaza. Abo twabajije, badutekerereje ko uwo mwami yari yarahimbye iminsi umunani yagombaga kurangizamo imirimo ye. Ya minsi umunani yarangira, akongera akayisubiramo bityobityo. Dore uko yakurikiranyaga iminsi ye muri ibyo bihe:
Uwa mbere n’uwa kabiri: Kuraguza inkoko, intama , inka, inzuzi, n’ibindi biraguzwa. Muri iyo minsi, abashaka kumuhakwaho bakaba bari bazi kuragura, utabizi akarindira ikigoroba mu mataha y’inka kuko ari bwo yahugukiraga ibindi; umushaka akaba ari bwo amubwira ibindi biterekeranye n’indagu.
Uwa gatatu n’uwa kane: Guca imanza, umushaka butaragoroba akagomba kwicarana na we ku karubanda, yumva imanza cyangwa aburana ubwe.
Uwa gatanu: Kwirirwa barasa intego, uwo munsi abashaka kumuhakwaho bakazana imiheto n’impiru ngo barase intego. Ni bwo twumvise igihano cy’uwamuzanagamo andi magambo butaragoroba ko yamurasaga impiru.
Uwa gatandatu: Bwacyaga yicaye ku karubanda ngo ushaka wese kugira icyo amubwira cyangwa amubaza akahamusanga uwo ari we wese. Uwo munsi witwaga “uwa rubanda.”
Uwa karindwi: Akiriranwa n’abagore be ntihagire uhamusanga, kereka uwamutekereraga itabi.
Uwa munani: Wari umunsi w’inka. Yirirwaga areba inka ze z’inyarurembo, abashaka kumuhakwaho bakazana inkoni n’inkuyo. Nanone bikaza kurangira mu mataha y’inka. Iminsi igahora igaruka ityo.
Iki gitero rero kije gituruka ku munsi wa munani (uw’inka) ni cyo cyatumye bakita “igitero cy’umunsi w’inyana.” Icyo gihe Yuhi IV Gahindiro yari iwe i Mulinja ho mu Mayaga (mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo). Yari yiriwe akenura inka ze, arangiriza ku z’inyarurembo zatahaga iwe, zitwaga Urukomera.Uwo munsi rero Sayinzoga ya Mukenga wo mu ntore z’Abashakamba amenya inkuru ibabaje atumweho n’iwabo, bamusaba kubimenyesha umwami. Aribwira ati: “Nindindira igihe cy’amatarama ngasaba icyanzu, biraza kurakaza abandi kuko na bo bifuza kuganira n’umwami.” Ati: “Reka nihare, mbimubwire nanone ubwo ari umunsi w’inka arankubita inkoni, ariko nta cyo bintwaye.”
Ahengera rero igihe umwami ategetse inka mu rugo aratanguranwa amubwira ya nkuru. Umwami ntiyamukubita, ariko ntiyagira icyo amusubiza. Abashakamba bandi babibonye baribwira bati: “Sayinzoga araduhize, kandi abitwiratira ko yanyuze mu iteka ry’umwami ntibigire icyo bimutwara.” Bose rero bakurikirana basuhuza umwami, bamubwira amagambo atagira aho ahuriye n’iby’uwo munsi. Inka zimaze kugera mu rugo, Yuhi IV Gahindiro yicaza ba bandi bose mu nkike ya ruguru. Binikiza inka. Zihumuje, azana amata yazo arayabaha ngo bayanywere aho ku mugaragaro, imbere y’abashumba n’abandi bari bagitegereje ko inka zihumuza. We akibwira ati: “Ni bakuru ntibemera kunywera amata ku mugaragaro, nibanga kuyanywa ndabakubita.” Nyamara bo baremera barayanywa kuko byari bibateye ubwoba kubona atinyutse kuyabahera aho rubanda bose bareba. Nanone byari bikubitiyeho ko kwanga amata bahawe n’umwami byari umuziro mu Banyarwanda, ubwo abamuhakwagaho bose byitwaga ko bamushakaho amata.
Barangije rero kuyanywa, umwami atangira igitaramo gisanzwe. Arababwira rero mu gitaramo ati: “Ubwo ga munyoye amata yazo munywanye na zo ntimushobora kuzigambanira!” Bati: “Ubundi se tutarayanywa, twashobora kuzigambanira.?” Arabihorera, bikomereza ibiganiro bisanzwe byo mu gitaramo. Ngo buke, umwami abwira abashumba b’Urukomera ati: “Nimuzijyane mumere nk’abazigishishije zige mu Mutara ku nkiko y’i Ndorwa byo kwiyenza kugira ngo Abahima bazinyage.” Abashumba bazijyana uko babitegetswe. Koko rero zigeze hafi y’i Ndorwa, Abahima barazitera barazinyaga. Abashumba bagaruka i Mulinja kubimenyesha Gahindiro. Babimubwirira mu gitaramo. Arabasubiza ati: “Abahima nibijyanire, ibitagira kirengera ni ko bimera!” Abashakamba bari aho barabyumva, barasohoka bajya inama. Bati: “Izi nka ntizanyazwe bisanzwe, zazize wa munsi twanywaga amata yazo.” Baraza babwira Gahindiro bati: “Twanywanye n’izo nka turatabaye, tugiye kuzigarura kandi tukumenyesheje ko nta n’imwe muri zo izabura, keretse izaba yarapfuye.”
Bahana umunsi wo guhaguruka. Gahindiro arababwira ati: “Tuzahurira aha n’aha kugira ngo nzabaherekeze, mbageze kuri Nyabarongo ku cyambu cya Nyaruteja. Koko rero, umunsi bahanye ho umugambi usohoye, arabaherekeza bambuka Nyabarongo ahari, ariko Sayinzoga arabura; ntiyaba mu bambukaga. Bageze hakurya, Gahindiro na we arahindukira. Ageze mu nzira ahura na Sayinzoga atabara. Gahindiro ati: “Ni iki cyatumye udatabara mu b’imbere?” Sayinzoga ati: “Natindijwe n’uko namaraga urubanza. Naho abatabaye mbere, niwumva ko ntabafatiye aho barara none, uzanyice!”
Gahindiro rero amutuma ku Bashakamba bose ngo amubatahirize. Uko avuze izina ry’umuntu akamukubita uruti ku rutugu. Akomeza atyo abavuga mu byivugo byabo, kandi ari na ko amukubita rwa ruti kugeza abahetuye. Aho bigeze, Sayinzoga aramubwira ati: “Erega ugiye kunshengura urutugu!” Undi ati: “Ni byo koko nyabusa! Na we amuvuga mu kivugo ke anamukubita uruti ku rutugu, agira ati: “Urabeho, nawe dutahe.” Sayinzoga aragenda afatira igitero mu Bwanacyambwe. Arabatashya uko yabitumwe, arangije ababwira uko Gahindiro yabimutumye amukubita ku rutugu kugera aho yagombye kumwisaba, kuko yamubabazaga. Abashakamba bati: “Byihorere, ntituzabyibagirwa!”
Igitero kigeze ku nkiko y’i Ndorwa, gisanga abatasi bararangije kuyigenda no kumenya akarere katurutsemo abanyaze Urukomera. Ubwo kandi igitero cy’Abashakamba cyari kumwe n’abashumba barwo. Ako gahugu k’i Ndorwa karaterwa, hanyagwa inka nyinshi, maze abashumba b’Urukomera batoranyamo izabo, ariko bagasanga hasigaye izindi. Byari byaratewe n’uko Abahima bamaze kuzinyaga bakazigabanya. Uko rero Abashakamba basanze Urukomera zituzuye, bagatera ahandi hahegereye bakanyaga, bityobityo, bigeza aho baheba inka zimwe z’Urukomera. Amaherezo umutasi umwe araza abwira Nkusi ya Gahindiro ati : “Inka nyinshi z’abahima zahungiye mu kirwa kiri mu rufunzo, zimaze kugeramo banyereza iteme ngo hatazagira ababakurikirayo.” Abashakamba babyumvise batera mu rufunzo. Nyamara Abahima barabananira kuko bari babyiteze. Ingabo zari zihageze mu gitondo cya kare, maze Munanira wa Nyangezi atuma abagaragu be kumushakira udukwi ngo bacane yote, kuko yari arwaye inzoka zamuryaga mu gihe k’imbeho. Abashakamba bamaze guheba uburyo bwo kunesha Abahima aho bashegeye bati : “Munanira naze tubigerageze.” Nkusi ya Gahindiro ategeka Munanira guhaguruka ngo bongere batere iteme. Munanira ati: “Mube mworoheje sindasusuruka.” Aho bigeze Nkusi aramutota, maze Munanira arahaguruka yibindira mu ngabo ye, yiroha ku iteme. Abahima bashwashwanyije kumusubiza inyuma biba iby’ubusa, arabatwaza. N’abandi Bashakamba babuririraho baterura Abahima, babasuka muri cya kirwa, bakibasangamo, babashwaza mu rufunzo. Inka zose zari zarahungishirijwemo ziranyagwa. Abashumba b’Urukomera bazivanguramo izabo ubushyo buruzura.
Ariko ikirwa kimaze gutsindwa, Munanira yanga kukivamo. Nkusi aramwinginga, biba iby’ubusa. Umuvuzi w’amacumu aza i Mulinja kumenyesha Gahindiro uko igitero cyagenze, amumenyesha n’uko Urukomera zose zabonetse ubushyo bwe bukaba bwaruzuye, amubwira n’uko Munanira yanze kuva muri cya kirwa akaba ari cyo bagombye kugandikamo. Gahindiro yohereza intumwa kubwira Nkusi ko iminyago yose itari Urukomera izaba umuheto wa Munanira, kandi ko bazamugarura ahetswe. Iyo ntumwa imaze kubimenyesha Nkusi, noneho Munanira yemera kuva mu kirwa igitero kiratabaruka.
Ubwo rero hakaba umugabo witwaga Kanyaruguru wo mu mutwe w’Abakemba wari umuririmbyi w’ikirangirire, akaba ari we wazaga kuririmbira ingabo izo ari zo zose zitabaruka, kuko yari yarabihawe na Gahindiro. Abashakamba baramutumiza, bamugambanaho ngo na bo bazahime ibwami bishyurire inkoni Sayinzoga yakubiswe, na we arabyemera. Nuko babigenza batya. Batuma kuri Gahindiro ko begereje kuza ngo abitegure mu minsi iyi n’iyi. Ya minsi igeze, Kanyaruguru aza nijoro ahateganye n’i Mulinja aririmba mu ijwi riranguruye, bigeza ko ibwami bamwumva. Barahuririza, bati: “Ni Kanyaruguru, umva araririmba Abashakamba; nta kabuza bazahinguka ejo, aje kubateguriza.” Umunsi ukurikiyeho barategereza baraheba. Na Kanyaruguru akimara kuririmba ararigita. Ajya kwihisha ku byitso by’Abashakamba. Abikora atyo amajoro yakurikiyeho, maze bitera Gahindiro impagarara. Gahindiro uko atumye abantu ngo bamutege ibico bamufate, Kanyaruguru akabimenyeshwa n’ibyitso by’Abashakamba akajya aho batamutegeye.
Abashakamba bamaze kubumvisha barashyira baraza, bariyereka, bamurikira Gahindiro inka ze z’Urukomera, bamumurikira n’iminyago maze ayibagororeramo uko bisanzwe. Munanira ahabwa inka y’ubumanzi, agabana n’umuheto wose w’igitero nk’uko Gahindiro yari yaravuze. Gahindiro asobanuje ibya Kanyaruguru, noneho bamubwira ko kwari uguhorera Sayinzoga imigiti yakubiswe batabara. Igitero cy’umunsi w’inyana kirangira gityo.
Bifatiye ku byavuye mu gitabo cya Bigirumwami, A., (1964) Imihango yo mu Rwanda, igice cya 1,Nyundo,
1. Igitero k’Imigogo
Iki gitero cyasakiranyije by’umwihariko Abanyarwanda n’Abanyankore, icyakora kivugwamo n’ayandi mahanga.
Inkuru y’iki gitero yabarwa mu bice bibiri: Inzira y’Abanyankore n’inzira y’Abanyarwanda.
Iki gitero kandi cyabayeho mu gihe umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri yari mu Bunyabungo n’ingabo ze hafi ya zose. Nyuma ariko yaje kubimenya agaruka mu Rwanda kurwanya Abanyankore.
“Ehururu ya Rwanda”: Abanyankore batera u Rwanda
Dore uko Ntare V Rugingiza rwa Migereka, umwami wo mu Nkore yateguye gutera u Rwanda.Yatumije ingabo n’abatware agira ati: “Ejo muzohereze abantu bakwiriye ingerero, banzanire abatware b’ingabo, baze mbabwire, bazahigire gutera u Rwanda, bahigire gutera Rwabugiri.” Ati: “Rwabugiri ni we njya numva bavuga; Rwabugiri bajya bamunshimira cyane; ni we njya numva bavuga ngo agira Igihugu kiza kandi kinini, ngo agira inka nziza nyinshi, ngo na we aratora nkange; ngo na we afite intore.” Ati: “Maze muzahigire gutera Rwabugiri. Nimumara kumunesha nzizera ko mfite ingabo. Ikindi cya Rwabugiri kimbabaza ni uko bangereranya na we ngo ni we duhwanye.” Abatware bose bakura ubwatsi bati: “Wabera niho ukiduhaka, umuntu uduhaye gutera u Rwanda, umuntu uduhaye gutera Rwabugiri!”
Arahaguruka Igumira rya Bacwa, Ruharabwoba, aravuga ati: “Gahorane Imana! Mpigiye gutera Rwabugiri! Nzamutera bikumare agahinda. Iki gitero ni icyange. Nzatura mu Gihugu cya Rwabugiri, nzatunga inka za Rwabugiri. Rwabugiri nankundira tukarwana, ntampunge, nzamufata mpiri mukuzanire!”
Maze arahaguruka Matsiko mu Nyana ati: “Mpigiye gutera Rwabugiri. Niyumva natungutse n’umutwe w’Inyana, akankundira tukarwana, ntampunge, nange nzamufata mukuzanire aha!”
Arahaguruka Itiri rya Gicobwa, Rugambwishayija, umutware w’Ubwuma n’Abarwanyi. Ati: “Nange mpigiye gutera Rwabugiri niwumva yatungutse mu mutwe w’Ubwuma n’Abarwanyi, akankundira tukarwana, nzamufata muzane hano!”
Arahaguruka Kijoma cya Kayisinga, Rugatwankurayijo, umutware w’Ingangura ati: “Mpigiye gutera Rwabugiri. Niwumva atungutse mu mutwe w’Ingangura, akankundira tukarwana, nzamufata muzane aha!”
Arahaguruka Rugumayo rwa Kanagayiga Rusheshangabo Rutacwekera, umutware w’Abanganshuro. Ati: “Mpigiye gutera Rwabugiri natunguka mu Banganshuro nzamufata mukuzanire.”
Arahaguruka Rwirangira Rutakirwa, umutware w’Ibirehe, arahiga, ararangiza. Arahaguruka Rwishumba rwa Mwendo, arahiga mu Batenganduru, ararangiza.
Arahiga Bwijire mu Badahunga. Na we ararangiza.
Abatware bamaze guhiga, abahungu na bo barakenyera barahiga.
Arahaguruka Nkoko ya Gahunga, Rutakomwa. Arahaguruka Irabiro rya Gahuta, Rutarindimuka. Arahaguruka Bayija ba Kambiri, Rugomwa. Arahaguruka Bangonera ba Ndondoza Ihigiro. Arahaguruka Kamurase ka Bwisheke, Rutakangarana. Arahaguruka Kakuba ka Kangonya, Rutagengwa Ruhuzabiri. Arahaguruka Cyanyangutura cya Manunga, Ruteranyangabo.
Bamaze guhiga umutware w’igitero, Igumiro, asaba iminsi, ati: “Iminsi yacu ni itandatu, uwa karindwi tugatabara i Rwanda.” Baragenda bamara gatandatu, ku munsi wa karindwi bataha ibwami, barara mu mihigo; buracya birirwa bahabwa intwaro: abahabwa imbunda barazihabwa, abahabwa amacumu n’imiheto barabihabwa. Uwo munsi bigaba Rugando, baza Kazinga, baza Mwizi na Kankaranka, banyura Rujebe rwa Kabuganda, i Gorora rya bene Rukari, bananyura i Rukoni rwa Cyabukemwa, bagera Rwampara. Amashyo ya Nshenyi arikanga, arahunga, amwe yambukira mu byambu bya Rina n’Ibanda, andi yambukira mu byambu bya Butsinda na Bugomora, andi ahunga aza i Rwanda […]
Muri icyo gihe Umunyankore witwaga Bwafamba aza gukorera ishyano Ntare wahungaga. Yaka abagaragu be imyambaro yabo ishaje ayizanira Ntare ati: “Dore imicuzo y’Abanyarwanda nazaniwe n’abatasi bange! Wowe ntiwatangazwa n’ukuntu bavuye iwabo iyo gihera bakagera ino bataricwa n’inzara? Reka tuge kubahuhura!” Ntare ati: “Umva rero, numvise ko Abanyarwanda bakora impamba cyane, nimukorane mubanze muhige!”
Bwafamba amaze gushuka Ntare, barara mu mihigo ngo bagiye guhuhura Abanyarwanda. Ntare agabanyamo ingabo ze imitwe. Abanza kohereza Abanga, Abatenganduru n’Inyana. Barara baza ijoro ryose kugira ngo bazasakirane n’Abanyarwanda hakiri kare ubwo kandi ni bwo Ntare yatabaje Mwanga umwami w’u Buganda amutumyeho Rutarurwa. Mwanga aramuhakanira kuko igihugu cyari cyarabaye icy’abazungu atagifite ububasha bwo kohereza ingabo aho yishakiye. Intore zimwe za Ntare zari zifite imbunda za Cyarabu (bitaga makoba).
1. Ibyiruka rya Mahero
Igice I
Uyu mwana nabyiruye Namureze mukunze Yabyirukanye ubwenge Buvanze mu bwana Nkanibaza cyane
Uko azaba bitinze. Agakura akora nabi Aho yatobye akondo Ngo akurikize abandi, Akabaka iby’iwabo Akabyita iby’iwacu.
Nabyumva ngahinda Nti: ntabwo mbishaka, Ubusambo si bwiza Ubukunze atabeshya Aba yigira nabi.
Ukabita abatinyi Ukagwiza iby’iwanyu. Ubwo aranga arahana Nkagira ngo arashyenga Naho aravuga akomeje. Ati: “Ndumva nahaze
Guteshwa ibyo nshima
Ngo nkunde ibyo ushaka. Ubu nshobora kugenda Ngashaka aho ndara
Ejo nkigaba ahandi, Ejobundi ngakomeza Nkagera iyo utakibona, Kugira ngo nguhunge Amahane ni menshi.” Ubwo mbonye icyo cyago Gikomeje imigambi
Yo kwigisha icyohe, Ndakomeza ndatota Ngo none aratinya Aze kumva igikwiye. Aho amariye gusoreka Ingeso ye ntiyacika Bukeye nti: “Ntabwo”
Nti: “Subiza iby’abandi, Uge utwara icyo uhawe Icyo wimwe ugitinye.” Uwo mwana uko ateye Biteye agahinda.
Aho yaroye neza
Uko akwiye kugenza,
Ati: “Ndanze kugenda
Ngo ntange ibyo ntunze.”
Iyo utwaye iby’abandi
Bakuzi bakurora
Ntibaze barwana
Ngo bihe agaciro
Mu maso y’abandi,
Uragenda ukayora
Ubwo utangiye kwanga
Amategeko nguhaye,
Ubusore bwapfuye
Wabaye Rubebe
Ge nkwise icyontazi
Icyo ushaka kimashe.”
Ubwo ngubwo arazenga
Arababara ndabibona
Arafunga ntiyakoma
Bagize bati: yewe
Ijambo riragatabwa
Bahamagaye aranga
Bagabuye ntiyabirya
Bashashe ntiyaryama.
Ubwo nyina akandeba
Akiruzi umuhungu
Mu maso ya twembi.
Yankebuka ngasanga
Mu maso ye yombi
Haganje agahinda
Nti: “Ibyo wigira byose
Ndabirora nkazenga.”
Nakwitaga umwana
Uyu uteye gitwari
Agaturana neza
N’abitwa ababyeyi.
Ubwo utangiye kwanga
Uwakureze akagukuza,
Wamurora mu maso
Inyeri zikavumera,
Waba wicaye hasi
Uti: “Intebe nayireke
Nyishinge ho nange.”
Yaba agize ati: “Jya kurora
Amatungo mu rwuri
Agatinya guhinda
Ugatangira kwigira
Icyatwa ugafunga.”
Yakubwira ati: “CyonoJya kuzana utuzi
Ugafuha ukarwana
Ukica igiti n’isazi;
Ntaramenya ubwenge
Nari inka mu zindi
Wahirika ngatemba
Wanterura nkabyuka
Washaka ko ndyama
Ugahirika ku buriri
Ibitotsi bikayora
Mahero agahwikwa.
Naba nakoze icyo wanga
Ugaterura ugahonda
Amahane ari nta yo
Sinibaze na busa
Uko nkwiye kugenza.
Aho nshiriye akenge
Ndakomeza ndakureka
Nakosa nka gatoya
Ubwo inkuba zigakubita.” Uti:
“Mbyiruye icyontazi.”
Nkakureka ugakomeza
Guhata ibicumuro
Uwakoze uko ashoboye
Kugira ngo akuneze.
Umujinya waba ukomeje
Ugaterura ugahonda
Amagambo ajya kuvuga
Ugasanga amugoye.
Ubwo abana batoya
Basanzwe basakuza
Barwana bagabuza
Bakandora bose
Nakebuka umwe muri bo
Agahumbya bukeya.
Umwe yavuga ijambo
Abandi bakamureba
Igisubizo bashimye
Ugasanga gituje
Kitari mo amashyengo
Aya asanzwe mu bana.
Ngeze aho nti:
“Cyo mwana
Hamagara Mahero
Aze ambwire icyo ashaka.
” Mahero ati: “Ndaje
Nkubwire icyo mashe.”
Aza atera ibitambwe
Nti: “Ubanza rubaye.
Ati: “Kera nkivuka
Agatukuru gatoya
Ngaterere ku mutwe
Mfate agakoni kange
Nge guhakwa aho nshaka
Ahangaha mpacuke
Ibicumuro nkugirira
Uruhuke kubibona.
Gutura amahanga
Bizankiza byinshi.
Bizampa guhunga
Amahane y’I Rwanda,
Aho bambura umuntu
Abo abyaye bamurora,
Agakubitwa umunani
Ngo ikawa irarumbye,
Ngo cyangwa umuzungu
Yaraye rusake.
Ibiboko wakubiswe
N’amarira naharize
Ntibyatuma ntura
Aho ndeba umuhashyi
Wampinduye imbata
Wananirwa ugatuza
Uti: “Genda ndakuretse.”
Ibyo ngibyo nabirora
Nti: “Nta ngufu zange
Mba nshatse agahamba
Nkareba aho najya
Hasumbye ahangaha.”
Ubu ngubu ndareba
Ngasanga ibyo ungirira
Bikwiye guhosha.
Ubwo wanyimye imbabazi
Ngo nange nduhuke
Ibyo kwitwa ikirumbo
No kwicara mpondwa
Ndakungura inama
Igusumbira izindi
Amahane ave mu rugo
Uruhuke kurwana
Nduhuke guhondwa;
Cyo nshakira impammba
Ndara mbunza imitima.
Ngashaka igisubizo
Nzabwira uwo mwana
Ngasanga kigoye.
Namwita igicucu
Sinigeze nterura
Ngo nshinge ibitariho;
Navugaga ibisanzwe.
Ubu ngubu ninanga
Ko agana mu mahanga
Nkamwogeza cyane
Ngo akunde angumire aho,
Ndareba ngasanga
Mba mwishe burundu,
Akagira ngo ni mwiza,
Akazapfa akigenza
Uko yamye abishinga.
Ngifinda uko nkwiye
Kugenza ibyo ngibyo
Mahero aba yaje.
Ati: “Ndabona hakeye
Ndakwibutsa ijambo
Naraye nkubwiye.”
Nti: “Mahero ko ubizi
Ngukunda bikabije
Uwo ni inzigo kuri ge.
Amahane yo mu rugo,
Amahiri y’ibisonga Ibyo
byose bikoranye
Ntibyatuma ngoheka
Ndashaka kugenda.
Ubwo ngubwo ndayoberwa
Ngo mbure icyo musubiza
Nti: “Genda uruhuke
Ejo nzaba nkubwira
Icyo nkeka kuri ibyo.”
Ati: “Ngiye kuryama
Ndazinduka nkwibutsa
Impamba nakwatse.” II.
Aragenda araryama
Nange ndana ku bwange.
Iryo joro sinagoheka
Ngahaha ubutitsa
Ngo akabiri gatohe
Utazaba uruzingo
Nk’uwabuze abamurera.
Mahero iyo umpaye
Agahenge gatoya
Nkakungura inama!
Nateye n’ishyamba
Ngo nugimbuka
Washatse gushinga
Urugo rukwizihiye
Utazabura imbariro
Ukabura n’imiganda.
Mahero iyo utuje
Ugakurikiza neza
Utunama nkugira!
Imishike yaracitse
Amafuni ararundwa,
Ubwo mpinga ibijumba,
Rubanda bakunda
Kubyita ubukungu.
Mba ngira ngo utazimwa
Umukobwa wa Naka,
Bagira ngo urashonje
Ubukungu si bwinshi.
Mahero iyo umfashije
Urarwana ujya hehe?”
Iyo utuje ugakunda
Ugaturana neza
N’abitwa ababyeyi!
Wabaye ukivuka,
Inka yange yari imwe
Irakunda iragorora
Urakamirwa urabyibuha.
Ntiwigeze usumbwa
N’abinikije ijana.
Mahero iyo umbereye
Umwana uko nshaka
Aho kunyaka ijambo!
Amapfa ageze mu gihugu
Nkurwanaho cyane
Umuruho sinawumva
Agahogo kabobere.
Ubu inyuma y’igikari
Ibitoki ni byinshi
Bitembana inkingi.
Ubu intabo zirarunze
Ibibindi biroga.
Mahero iyo ugumye aha
Nkabona agakazana
Aho kwicwa n’irungu
Wagiye Bugande!
Nta tungo natinye
Ngo mare yo ubukungu
Utazaba umutindi.
Ihene ubu ni nyamwinshi
Ziteretse amapfizi:
Ruhaya na Sacyanwa.
Mahero iyo umfashije
Tukorora neza
Amatungo tubyiruye!
Kebuka urore amasake
Yirirwa avuna sambwe
Mu mivumu hariya!
Inkokokazi ni nyinshi:
Iz’inganda n’indayi
Uzikunda zihuje
Indirimbo z’urwunge,
Ziteteza zitaha,
Zihamagara izazo,
Tukiha agaciro
Mu maso y’i Muhana!
Ubu ingano nararunze,
Ibigega biratemba.
Ubwo ngira ngo abatindi
Batagira amasambu
Bagure ibyo mbahaye
Ge ngwize amanoti
Nge nkwambika neza.
Mahero iyo umbwiye
Amagambo anduhura
Aho kunsha umugongo!
Nateye urutoki
Ngo niba zitetse
Uge utora agahihi
Aho uruzi aba bana
Bakureba ku jisho
Bakabura icyo bavuga
Kuko mukuru wabo
Abacitse bamurora!
Iri tuza rikabije
Rikubajije icyo uri cyo
Basubize utabeshya!
Itegereze umubyeyi
Wavunitse agutwite,
Wavuka akakonsa,
Agahinga aguhetse,
Akavoma aguhetse,
Agatashya aguhetse,
Agateka aguhetse,
Umurinde agahinda
Ko kubura icyo abyaye
Ngo aririre mu myotsi.
III.
Mahero arasohoka
Asa n’ubuze ijambo.
Akomeza imbere ye ajya ku irembo.
Akebuka hepfo abona urutoke,
Ubwo arakeberanya mu gikari,
Abona imizinga ivuza ubuhuha.
Ntiyahagarara ngo zitamwumva
Zikamucengeza mo urubori.
Akebura intambwe ajya mu ikawa.
Ubwo agasusuruko karababiriye,
Zitoye gahunda,
Zisanga amaruka.
Mahero iyo urebye
Ibyo ntunze ugatuza
Aho kunta mu marira!
Uti: “Ngaho mpa impamba
Ngucike nge ahandi
Ducane dutane!”
Mahero iyo unyoheje
Gukora mu ntagara
Nkaryiroha mu nda
Aho kwanga icyo mbyaye!
Ibyo namubwiye bigumya kuza
Si ibihingwa si amatungo.
Ubwo ariko akumva atameze neza,
Imitima igakomeza kujya inama;Ibyo guta iwabo ngo age
Bugande Yari yabyirukanye agisohoka,
Maze kumwumvisha igikwiye.
Icyamuvunaga ubwo ni ukuntu
Aza kumbwira uko yigaruye.
Ava mu ikawa arinanura.
Acuma gatoya ananirwa igenda,
Arahagarara aratekereza,
Akazinga umunya agashima mu mutwe.
Ngo byende ho akanya
Ati: “Ndi imbwa bikabije.”
Arakabuza ati: “Ngiye Kubwira uwambyaye
Ko kwigira icyohe Bikwiye undi utari ge.”
Ngo ngane ku irembo
Duhura mva mu rugo.
Dukubitanye amaso
Aratinya arahumbya.
Aho yavuze ikintu
Yashakaga ko menya
Ajya kwicara mu nzu.
Ge nkomeza urugendo.
Najyaga mu gacyamu
Kugira ngo nduhuke
Agahinda yanteye,
Nganira n’abantu
Batazi ibyo turimo.
Ndetse akazuba karamukubise,
Agumya kubunga agana agacucu.
Muri iyo kawa y’isaso nyinshi
Hakaba mo igiti gikuze neza,
Cyarakabije kirizihirwa,
Ururabo ruragwa hajya ibitumbwe,
Bijya guhisha ntibyasigana
Maze uwo mwana akibona bwangu,
Yika bugufi ahina umugongo
Agishyika mu nsi ahamara umwanya
Amaso yombi arayagihanga,
Umutima utekereza ibyo hirya.
Ahatura iyo kawa.
Mbibonye ndashoberwa
Nti: “Yumviye rwose,
Agatima karagarutse
Aragira ngo anyurure.”
Ngo mbure icyo mubwira
Kugira ngo mushime,
Mpamagara abatoya.Nti: “Ntabwo mureba
Undi mwana uko agenza!”
Muricaye mu nzu,
Aravunika mumurora,
Arakora mukaryama,
Agatura uwe murimo
Umugono muwuhuruza!
Nyina, we yari mu nzu
Uko yakigunze
Agahinda kamwishe.
Arasohoka arareba
Ati: “Mbese iyi kawa
Yo iturutse ahagana he?”
Ubwo yibazaga abizi,
Akagira ngo abone uburyo
Bwo kogeza umwana
Watwumviye bwangu.
Mubwirana ubwira
Nti: ngaho muhembe
Uyu murimo ni munini.
Ubwo twihina mu nzu
Duterura akabindi
Dushyira mu kirambi.
Nti: “Ngaho Mahero
Cyo ngwino uyibanze
Aho yagumye mu nzu
Ngo ahamane n’abandi,
Akeberanya mu cyanzu
Yihina mu gikari.
Ahakura agatebo,
Ajya muri ya kawa
Arasoroma aragwiza,
Agatebo arakanaga.
Ngo ngaruke nje kurora
Uko byaje kugenda,
Duhurira mu rugo
Amagambo arakunda
Tunywa tuganira.
Kuva kandi uwo munsi
Mahero aba umwana
Uyu wumvira rwose
Wakorora ati: ndaje.
Ntibyashyize kera,
Musabira umukobwa
Barwubaka neza
Babyaranye kabiri.
Imibanire yabo,
Ni wowe tuyikesha.”
Ati: “Ndanze kubanza
Abakuru bakiri aho.”
Nti: “Nta cyo bitwaye
Iyo ari bo bakubwiye.”
Ayisoma yitonze
Numva yiruhutsa.
Igishyika kiratuza
Rubanda babizi
Babita mahwane.
Iyo agana mu mahanga
Aba ari imbwa mu zindi
Aho kwicara nk’ubu
Ngo aturane neza
N’abatumye abyirukaRugamba, Spiriyani. Umusogongero. Butare: INRS, 1979.