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UMUTWE WA 1 UBURINGANIRE N’UBWUZUZANYE
UBUSHOBOZI BW’INGENZI BUGAMIJWE
-Gusesengura umwandiko ku buringanire n’ubwuzuzane mu Rwanda atahura ingingo z’ingenzi ziwukubiyemo.
– Gusesengura amazina y’urusobe agaragaza ibiyaranga, ubwoko bwayo n’uturemajambo twayo.
IGIKORWA CY’UMWINJIZO
Ushingiye ku bumenyi ufite, sobanura mu magambo yawe bwite uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye icyo ari cyo, hanyuma ugaragaze uko bumeze mu Rwanda kuva kera kugeza ubu.
I.1. Umwandiko: Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu Rwanda
Kera Umunyarwandakazi ntiyagiraga agaciro mu muryango nyarwanda. Yahoraga yitwararitse, agahugira mu turimo two mu rugo iyo mu gikari. Yabaga ategura ishinge ku ruhimbi, aboha imisambi, avuza uruhindu, abuganiza amata cyangwa acunda. Umukobwa w’inkumi utazi gucunda bamuvugiragaho bati: “Ni impumbu” cyanecyane iyo atashoboraga gushyigura inumbiri. Inkumi yabaga imaze kuzira inka ntiyasubiraga mu nka, yacirwaga imuhira akaba imbata y’imirimo yitwaga ko igenewe igitsina gore gusa. Umukobwa kandi nta bundi bushobozi bamubonagamo uretse kumutegaho ubukire bushingiye ku nkwano azakobwa. Aha ni ho amazina nka Nzamukosha, Nzamugurinka, Bazizane, Kabihogo, Kagaju n’andi yatsindagiraga icyo biteze ku mukobwa akomoka.
Abakobwa ntibashyirwaga mu ishuri cyangwa mu itorero. Bashoboraga gusa guhanurwa na ba nyirasenge, utamufite agahera mu rungabangabo. Nubundi ngo: “Utagira nyirasenge arisenga”. Uburere bwahabwaga abana b’abakobwa bwabateguriraga gusa gushaka, kubyara, kurera no gukora imirimo yo mu rugo, ubumenyi bahawe bukaba ubwo kubatoza kuba ba “mutima w’urugo”.
Abanyarwandakazi benshi basaga n’ababujijwe kujya ahagaragara. Kumva hari uwafashe ijambo mu bagabo, mu rungano rwa basaza be byari umuziro. Uwahirahiraga agatobora akavuga irimuniga yitwaga umushizi w’isoni, ingare, … Urugero Nyirarunyonga uvugwa mu bitekerezo nyarwanda yiswe ingare, umusambanyi, inshinzi n’andi mazina kuko yari azi kuganira n’abandi,akamenya gusetsa no gutebya agati kagaturika. Iyo basobanura uburyo yiboneye Semuhanuka agaramye mu buro bwe yari yonesheje nkana, akamusanganira yishimye, agahuza na we umudiho n’urugwiro kugeza ubwo amuha urwuya, wumva Nyirarunyonga yari akaga.
Ibi byaterwaga n’impamvu nyinshi. Abana bavukaga buri wese atozwa ibyo agomba gukora. Umuhungu yatozwaga na se guhiga, kuragira, kubaka, guhinga, gukirana, kujya ku rugamba, guhakwa… Umukobwa agatozwa ibijyanye n’urubohero no gukora imirimo yo mu rugo nko kuboha ibiseke, imisambi, gutaka, gucunda amata … Buri wese yumvaga ubuzima ari ko bugenda.
Umuhungu witwaga Byarugamba, Rukaburacumu, Gatabazi, Muhozi, Ngarukiye, Kamufozi, Rwamacumu cyangwa se Gatanazi yumvaga bimuteye ishema ko azarwanirira Igihugu cyangwa umuryango. Ibi byari bifite ishingiro kuko u Rwanda rwahoraga ruhanganye n’impugu zirukikije mu ndwano z’urudaca hagenderewe kurwagura no kurugwiriza amaboko. Si ibyo gusa, habagaho n’intambara z’ubwiko zasabaga ko imiryango igwiza amaboko y’abanyamiheto ku rubyaro rw’abahungu ngo umunsi basumbirijwe n’ibitero bibarusha ingufu bazivune umwanzi bidasabye kwitwereza amaboko y’imuhana.
Imitekerereze nk’iyi ni yo yabaye intandaro yatumye Umunyarwandakazi adindira mu kwiga no guhabwa inyigisho z’igihe tugezemo. Bamwe mu Banyarwandakazi bize batinze ugereranyije n’abagabo. Mu ikubitiro, bashyizwe mu mashuri abategura kuzaba ababyeyi beza barerera neza umuryango. N’uyu munsi, hari abagishyigikiye ibitekerezo nk’ibyo. Uwo muco wo gusumbanya abana si mwiza, kuko wagiye utuma abana b’abakobwa bakurwa mu mashuri igitaraganya maze umuhungu akaba ari we uhabwa amahirwe yo gukomeza kwiga, umukobwa agacikiriza amashuri agahera mu keragati. Uyu muco wagiye ugira ingaruka z’ubumenyi budahagije n’ubushobozi buke ku muntu w’igitsinagore mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho cyanecyane mu bikorwa n’imirimo bisaba ikoranabuhanga.
Burya koko “agahugu umuco akandi umuco”. Mu mpande zitandukanye, mu duce tumwe na tumwe tw’u Rwanda, hagiye hagaragara Abanyarwandakazi bashoboye gukora imirimo yaharirwaga igitsinagabo. Urugero ni nka Ndabaga umukobwa w’intwari mwene Nyamutezi wagiye gukura se ku rugerero. Nyirarumaga, wa musizikazi w’Umusinga na we yahinduye amateka mu busizi nyarwanda, aho udusigo twari tugufi 3 cyane “ibinyeto” yaturambuyemo ibisigo bifite imikarago myinshi, bihabwa amazina n’abahanga mu buvanganzo yo kuba mu bwoko bw’ikobyo, icyanzu cyangwa impakanizi. None se ubwo abagabo benshi ntibari barabuze aho bahera? Gasharankwanzi ka Bureshyo uvugwa mu nsigamigani “Yigize inshinzi”, bivugwa ko yari akuriye umutwe w’ingabo zigizwe n’abagore b’ingare. Robwa na we avugwa ko yatabariye Igihugu agwa i Gisaka.
Ingero z’inkuru nk’izi zagiye zihindura imitekerereze y’Abanyarwanda. Bagiye basobanukirwa uruhare rw’umugore mu iterambere ry’umuryango. Hari
n’abiganye umuco w’ahandi nk’i Burayi, ugasanga umugore asukura inzu, umugabo ari mu gikoni. Hari n’ingo nyinshi zabifasheho umwanzuro, umwe yajya gutashya undi agasigara asya amasaka cyangwa akarika. Niba mu rugo nta mukozi uhari, utanze undi kugera mu rugo akanyarukira mu gikoni, agatangira koza ibikoresho bikenerwa mu rugo, guteka...
Muri iki gihe, hari ibisubizo bigenda biboneka. Amwe mu mategeko agenga uburezi yaravuguruwe ku buryo abakobwa n’abahungu bashobora kwiga bimwe. Abakobwa babyaye imburagihe baracutsa bagasubizwa mu mashuri, abataragize amahirwe yo kujya mu ishuri Leta yabashyiriyeho uburyo bwo kwibeshaho, bigishwa imirimo n’imyuga inyuranye yabongerera ubushobozi bwo kwitunga, gutunga ababo no kubaka Igihugu.
Mu rwego rw’ubukungu n’umutungo, Abanyarwandakazi bageze ku ntera ishimishije. Ubu bafite uburenganzira bwo kuzungura, bafite uburenganzira bwo guhabwa umunani, bashobora kandi kugira umutungo bwite, akazi gahemberwa umushahara n’ibikorwa byinjiza amafaranga. Abanyarwanda bageze ku rwego rwo gusobanukirwa amategeko abarengera n’abarenganura hakoreshejwe ubutabera.
Imyanya y’ubuyobozi yiharirwaga n’abagabo gusa, ubu ihabwa buri wese ubifiye ubushobozi. Ubu tumaze kugera kure. Abantu bose basobanukiwe neza ko uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye biri mu bituma habaho amajyambere arambye. Ubu mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda, umutwe w’Abadepite, mu ba minisitiri, no mu zindi nzego zifatirwamo ibyemezo, Abanyarwandakazi bahagaze neza mu ruhando rw’amahanga.
Guharanira uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye ariko ntibigomba kuba intandaro yo gukandamizanya. Abantu b’igitsinagore n’ab’igitsinagabo bagomba kubahana bakabana mu mahoro, uburenganzira bwa buri wese bukubahirizwa, bakuzuzanya muri byose.
1.1.1 Gusoma no gusobanura umwandiko
IGIKORWA
Soma umwandiko “Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu Rwanda”, ushakemo amagambo udasobanukiwe hanyuma uyasobanure ukurikije inyito afite mu mwandiko wifashije inkoranyamagamboIMYITOZO
1. Koresha amagambo akurikira dusanga mu mwandiko mu nteruro wihimbiye:
a) Ikantarange
b) Guhakwa
c) Gutabarira Igihugu
d) Ubufatanye
e) Ubwuzuzanye
2. Urebye mu merekezo yose, garagaza amagambo ari muri iki kinyatuzu afitanye isano n’umwandiko:
1.1.2. Gusoma no kumva umwandiko
IGIKORWA
Ongera usome umwandiko“Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu Rwanda”, hanyuma usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Tandukanya uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye ushingiye ku byavuzwe mu mwandiko
2. Vuga inshingano ebyiri z’abagabo n’ebyiri z’abagore zahindutse uko ibihe byagiye bihinduka.
3. Subiza yego cyangwa oya.
a) Imirimo myinshi isa n’aho yagenewe abagore cyangwa abagabo, ni iyagenwe n’umuco aho kugenwa n’imiterere kamere y’umuntu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ikaba ishobora guhindurwa.
b) Abagabo n’abagore bashobora kugaragarizwa icyubahiro ku buryo butandukanye.
c) Nta masomo Umunyarwandakazi ahejwe kwiga.
d) Umugabo ni we uzungura umutungo w’umuryango.
4. Tanga ingero ebyiri zavuzwe mu mwandiko zigaragaza uburyo imyumvire yo kuvuga ko igitsina gore kitakora imirimo runaka, yagiye ihinduka.
5. Abago
re basigaye bakora imirimo inyuranye. Muri iki gihe bigaragarira he?
6. Kubera iki abantu b’igitsina gabo n’igitsina gore bagomba kubahana, bakabana mu mahoro, bakuzuzanya?
1.1.2. Gusoma no gusesengura umwandiko
IGIKORA
Ongera usome umwandiko“Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu Rwanda”, hanyuma usubize ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Ni izihe ngingo z’ingenzi zigaragara muri uyu mwandiko?
2. Kuri wowe uyu mwandiko ugusigiye irihe somo?
3. Tanga ingingozigaragaza uburyo Ababyarwandakazi bari barapyinagajwe kuva kera na kare.
4. Kuri wowe ni ibihe byiza by’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu muryango nyarwanda?
1.1.2. Kungurana ibitekerezo
IGIKORWA
Mwungurane ibitekerezo ku nsanganyamatsiko ikurikira:
Akamaro k’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu iterambere ry’Igihugu.
IMYITOZO
Ongera wiyibutse ubwoko bw’imyadiko wize maze uhange umwandiko ufite uturago twa bumwe mu bwoko bw’imyandiko ku nsanganyamatsiko ikurikira, :
“Uwigishije umugore aba yigishije umuryango.”
I.2. Amazina y’urusobe
1.2.1. Inshoza, uturango n’ubwoko by’izina ry’urusobe
IGIKORWA
Soma interuro zikurikira witegereza amagambo y’umukara tsiri yavuye mu mwandiko “Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu Rwanda” utahure inshoza, uturango n’ubwoko by’amazina y’urusobe.
a) Ubu Umunyarwandakazi afite uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’igihugu.
b) Nyirasenge wa Semuhanuka yari umusizikazi.
c) Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye bwatumye abantu bava mu rungabangabo bagera ku majyambere arambye.
d) Rukaburacumu na Gasharankwanzi bavugwa cyane mu buvanganzo nyarwanda.
1. Inshoza y’izina ry’urusobe
Iyo bavuze izina ry’urusobe twumva izina rishobora kugira uturemajambo turenze udusanzwe tw’izina nyakimwe/mbonera. Iyo usesenguye izina ry’urusobe usanga rifite indomo ebyiri, indangazina ebyiri, ibicumbi bibiri cyangwa se ugasanga rifite indomo, indanganteko n’igicumbi, ariko rikagira n’ubundi bwoko bw’ijambo bwiyomekaho.
Ubwoko bw’amagambo ashobora kwiyomeka ku izina nyakimwe rikabyara izina ry’urusobe hari ikinyazina, umusuma n’akabimbura gishobora kwihagika mu izina nyakimwe rikabyara izina ry’urusobe.
1. Uturango tw’izina ry’urusobe
Izina ry’urusobe ni izina rikomoka ku magambo arenze rimwe, yiyunga akarema ijambo rimwe rifite inyito imwe. Mu rwego rw’intêgo, usanga ari izina rifite uturemajambo turenze utw’izina nyakimwe. Izina ry’urusobe, rishobora kugira uturemajambo tw’izina twivanzemo utw’inshinga cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw’ijambo nk’ikinyazina, umugereka...
2. Ubwoko bw’izina ry’urusobe
Amazina y’urusobe tuyasangamo amoko atandukanye:
– Amazina y’inyunge
– Amazina y’urujyanonshinga
– Amazina y’akabimbura
– Amazina y’umusuma
– Amazina agaragaza amasano
a) Amazina y’inyunge
Izina ry’inyunge ni izina rigizwe n’amazina abiri yiyunze agakora izina rimwe. Muri ayo mazina abiri, usanga irya kabiri riba risobanura izina riribanjirije. Amazina y’inyunge nubwo aba agizwe n’amazina abiri yiyunze agira inyito imwe itari igiteranyo cy’ayo mazina abiri yiyunze. Cyakora, iyo irya kabiri rifutura irya mbere, yandikwa atandukanye.
Ingero:
– Mwanankundi
– Mugabonake
– Itegekoteka
Amazina y’inyunge ashobora kuba agizwe n’amazina abiri yunzwe n’ikinyazina ngenera. Ayo mazina abiri yunzwe n’ikinyazina ngenera ntagira inyito ebyiri, ahubwo arema inyito imwe nubwo aba agizwe n’amagambo abiri.
Ingero:
– Insina z’amatwi
– Inkondo y’umura
– Inkono y’itabi
– Amaso y’ikibuno
– Amaso y’ikirayi
– Utwunyu twa nyamanza
b) Amazina y’urujyanonshinga
Aya mazina y’urujyanonshinga aba ashingiye ku nshinga yiyunze n’icyuzuzo cyayo, gishobora kuba icyuzuzo mbonera cyangwa icyuzuzo nziguro (izina, inshinga, ikinyazina, umugereka), agakora izina rimwe.
a) Amazina y’akabimbura
Akabimbura ni akaremajambo kihagika imbere y’izina risanzwe mu rurimi bik- abyara izina rishya.
– Akabimbura “-nya-“
Akabimbura “-nya-“ kagira ingingo y’ikinyazina ngenera
Ingero:
Ikinyamateka, umunyamuryango, umunyenzara, umunyamakuru, umunyeshuri
– Akabimbura “nyiri-“
Akabimbura “nyiri-“ gafite ingingo isa neza n’iy’ikinyazina ngenera.
Ingero:
- Nyirumuringa;
- Nyirurugo;
- Nyirimpuhwe;
Nyiribambe;Akabimbura “nyira-“, iyo kihagitse mu mazina bwite y’abantu, kagira ingingo y’igitsina gore. Ingero zikurikira zirabigaragaza.
Ingero:
- Igikari: Nyirabikari
- Intabire : Nyirantabire
- Intama : Nyirantama
– Akabimbura «sa-» cyangwa «se-»
Akabimbura sa- cyangwa se- gafite inyangingo y’ikinyazina ngenera. Iyo kihagitse mu mazina bwite, usanga afite ingingo y’igitsina gabo kandi nta ndomo ayo mazina mashya agira.
Ingero:
- Amahoro: Semahoro
- Uburo: Seburo
- Umusure: Samusure
– Akabimbura «–ene-»
Akabimbura «–ene-» gafite ingingo nk’iy’ikinyazina ngenera. Amazina bwite agafite akunze kuba ari amazina rusange. Gashobora kandi kongerera izina kihagitsemo ingingo igaragaza isano abantu bafitanye.
Ingero:
- Imana: Benimana
- Ihirwe: Benihirwe
- Ikenewabo
– Akabimbura -ka- kifitemo ingingo ivuga ngo “umugore wa”
Akabimbura -ka- kifitemo ingingo ivuga ngo “umugore wa”, usanga kiganje mu
mazina bwite y’igitsina gore.
Ingero:
- Macumu: Mukamacumu
- Rutamu: Mukarutamu
- Ntwari: Mukantwari
- Muhire: Mukamuhire
– Akabimbura “-a-” gafite ingingo y’ikinyazina ngenera
Akabimbura “-a-” gafite ingingo y’ikinyazina ngenera, gakoreshwa cyane mu
mazina bwite, kandi amazina kihagitsemo nta ndomo agira.
Ingero:
- Inkazi: Kankazi
- Amagana: Rwamagana
- Imana: Kamana
- Imanzi: Kamanzi
a) Amazina y’imisuma
Umusuma ni akaremajambo kongerwa ku izina. Gashobora kubaho cyangwa
ntikabeho gafite ibisobanuro. Ikindi ni uko umusuma udasesengurika. Amazina y’umusuma ni ukuvuga amagambo yongerwaho akaremajambo kadasesengurwa, kitwa umusuma. Dufite imisuma iri mu byiciro bitatu bikurikira:
– Umusuma “-kazi”
Umusuma “-kazi” wumvikanisha igitsina gore.
Ingero:
- Umunyarwanda→Umunyarwandakazi,
- Inkoko→Inkokokazi,
- Umurundi→Umurundikazi,
- Umugabe→Umugabekazi...
Ikitonderwa: amazina yose aherwa na –kazi si ko aba ari ay’umusuma. Hari amazina nkomoranshinga ateye nk’ay’umusuma ariko atari yo.
Ingero: Umupfakazi, inkundwakazi
– Umusuma nsuzuguzi “-azi” ni ukaremajambo gafite inyito yo gusuzugura cyangwa gutesha agaciro.
Ingero:
- Umuheto→umuhetazi,
- Umugabo→umugabazi,
- Ibuga→ibugazi,
- Ibitaka→ibitakazi…
a) Amazina agaragaza amasano
Amazina y’urusobe agaragaza amasano yubakiye ahanini ku mazina asanzwe agaragaza amasano, afatiye ku magambo “data, mama” yisanisha muri ngenga ya mbere, iya kabiri n’iya gatatu ( mama / ma, nyoko, nyina/nyira, data, so, se, soko) maze akiyunga n’uturemajambo dufite inyito y’amasano “buja”, “rume”, “senge”, “bukwe”, “kuru”, “kuruza”; kugira ngo bireme amazina agaragaza amasano.
Ingero:
Ikitonderwa
1. Amagambo y’urusobe yandikwa umujyo umwe. Gusa mu bisingizo, mu migani no mu mazina nteruro n’amagambo y’inyunge akabije uburebure, yandikwa atandukanyijwe, agashyirwa mu twuguruzo n’utwugarizo.
Ingero:
– Umuhanurabinyoma, Rukemanganizi, Karahangabo, Karikumutima... (aya ni amazina y’urusobe yanditswe umujyo umwe)
– Ubwo “Inshyikanya ku mubiri ya Rugema ahica” aba arahashinze.
– Ubwo “Rumenerangabo Ntarindwa ku mukondo wa Rukaburabimashi” ati: “Ba!”
2. Akabimbura “so” kagira impindurantego “sho”.
Urugero: shobuja.
3. Akabimbura “se” gakomoka ku izina ise cyangwa se, kakagira inyito y’umuntu w’igitsina gabo ufite cyangwa se utunze nyakuvugwa. Akenshi ayo mazina aba ari bwite. Usanga gakora nka “nyira” ikomoka ku izina nyina.
Ingero: Sebuja, Serugo, Sebatunzi
4. Akabimbura “nya” gafitanye isano na “nyira”, kakaba gakora kuri ubu
buryo:
Iyo -a- ya nya- ikurikiwe na i y’indomo cyangwa se y’indangahantu, iyo ndomo ishoboragutakara cyangwa zombi zikiyungamo - e- biturutse ku igenamajwi
Urugero:
- Umunyenzara (umunya + inzara)
- Umunyeshuri (umunya + ishuri)
Akabimbura “nya-” gashobora kuba akabimbura nyifuzo iyo kiyunze n’inshinga iri mu mbundo
Ingero:nyagutuma, nyakumanikwa, nyakubyara; …
1. Akabimbura “nya-” gashobora kwiyunga n’ikinyazina cyangwa n’izina kagafata inyito yo guhamya (gutsindagira) ikivugwa.
Ingero:
inzu nyanzu, abakobwa nyabakobwa; bariya bazaba abategarugori nyabo.
2. Akabimbura “nya-“ gashobora kwiyunga n’izina kakagira inyito y’utunze cyangwa ufite nyakuvugwa.
Ingero:
Umunyamerwe, umunyamahanga, umunyabintu, umunyenzoga…
3. Akabimbura sa- gashobora gukora mu mazina nka Saruhara, Gasabwoya, Gasamagera, Sabato, Sakabaka…
IMYITOZO
1. Shaka amazina atanu y’urusobe kuri buri bwoko hirengagijwe ayigeze kuvugwa mu ishuri.
2. Wifashishije ubwoko bw’amazina y’urusobe agaragaza amasano, tanga ingero ebyirebyiri kuri buri bwoko, unasobanura inkomoko yayo.
1.2.2 Intego y’izina ry’urusobeIGIKORWA
Shaka intêgo y’amazina y’urusobe ari mu mwandiko „Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu Rwanda“. Hera kuri ayo mazina y’urusobe maze ukore ubushakashatsi utahure uturemajambo tw’izina ry’urusobe n’amategeko y’igenamajwi
Uturemajambo tw’amazina y’urusobe
Twabonye ko izina ry’urusobe ari izina usanga rikomoka ku yandi magambo arenze rimwe, ariko rikagira inyito imwe. Mu rwego rw’intego, usanga ari izina rifite uturemajambo turenze utw’izina mbonera. Izina ry’urusobe rishobora kugira uturemajambo tw’izina twivanzemo utw’inshinga cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw’ijambo nk’ikinyazina, umugereka…
Ingero:
UMWITOZO
Garagaza intego y’amazina y’urusobe akurikira n’amategeko y’igenamajwi:
I.3. Umwitozo w’ubushobozi ngiro bw’umunyeshuri
Mu kinyarwanda baravuga ngo “Ukurusha umugore akurusha urugo”. Mu mwandiko ufite amagambo hagati ya magana abiri na mirongo itanu na magana atatu , emeza cyagwa uhakane uwo mugani, utanga igero zifatika. Muri uwo mwandiko hagaragaremo amazina y’urusobe atadandukanye.
Ubu nshobora:
Ubu ndangwa no:– Gusobanurira abandi uko uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye byitabwagaho mu Rwanda rwa kera n’uko bwitabwaho muri iki gihe.
– Kwitabira gukoresha neza amazina y’urusobe mu mvugo no mu nyandiko.
– Gukunda no gukundisha abandi gukoresha ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda.
– Gushishikarira kwimakaza ihame ry’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye.
Kwimakaza ihame ry’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye n’ubufatanye.
I.4. Isuzuma risoza umutwe wa mbereUmwandiko: Uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye mu iterambere
Iterambere ni irya bose si iry’umuntu umwe. Kugira ngo rishoboke, umuryango ari wo ugizwe n’umugabo n’umugore n’abana bagomba kubigiramo uruhare. Dore ko abagiye inama Imana ibasanga. Ingero ni nyinshi ariko reka turebe ingero z’imiryango ibiri ituye ku musozi wa Burimbi.
Umuryango wa Cyubahiro na Kamariza bose bashakanye ari abatindi; bavugagwa ko nta cyo bakwigezaho. Bo ariko ntibacika intege kuko bahamyaga ko ibintu ari ibishakwa ntawubivukana. Dore ko bari baramenyaniye mu mahugurwa y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bwa kijyambere. Aho bahakuye ibitekerezo ntagereranwa y’uburyo bwo kwiteza imbere, biturutse ku nguzanyo zitangwa n’ibigo by’imari. Mu gihe bari bamaze kurushinga, rubanda rwakomeje kubaha inkwenene na bo bati : “Isazi y’ubute ntirya igisebe” kandi ngo “Utayihinganye ntayikira”. Ubwo berekeye kuri Banki y’Abaturage ya Kinyami gusaba inguzanyo maze barayihabwa. Bwatinze gucya bashoka igishanga, maze si uguhinga karahava! Batera imbuto z’indobanure, ijuru na ryo rirabakundira. Isarura rya mbere, bishyuye icya kabiri ku nguzanyo, banigurira amatungo magufi, arimo ingurube n’inkoko. Ibyo byatumye benshi ndetse no mu babahaga inkwenene, bibaza uko babakiranye. Ibyo byaterwaga n’uko batari bazi ibanga ryabo ryo kubahana no kugirana inama, igihe cyose bagiye gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
Haciye umwaka umwe, bibarutse abana babiri; umwe yitwa Kiza undi yitwa Ishimwe. Abo bana bareranywe urukundo, bahabwa n’ibyangombwa bikenewe nk’ indyo yuzuye, imyambaro ikwiye, ubuvuzi nyabwo, amashuri meza. Usibye ibyo, bigishijwe uturimo dutandukanye, maze bakura bazi ko akabando k’iminsi ari umurimo. Ntibyatinze batsinda ikizamini cya Leta kuko biganaga ikinyabupfura n’ubuhanga ndetse n’abarimu bakabakunda birambuye. Ibyo bituma abandi bana babareberaho, maze na bo biyuha akuya barabigana mu matsinda anyuranye, harimo itsinda ryo kurwanya marariya, iryo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Bamaze kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye, bemerewe kujya kwiga muri za kaminuza zo mu mahanga. Kiza akurikirana ibyerekeye ikoranabuhanga naho Ishimwe we akurikira ibijyanye n’ubuvuzi. Nyamara nubwo kwa Cyubahiro na Kamariza hari impundu, kwa Ntambara na Nyiranuma ho hari ishavu, dore ko babagaho ku bugenge. Uti: “Ese ibyo bishoboka bite ko abantu babana ku bugenge boshye abatagira ubwenge?”
Ntambara na Nyiranuma babanye bifashije mu buryo buringaniye, dore ko bavukaga mu ngo zidasaba umunyu, kandi na bo bari bararangije muIshuri Nderabarezi rya Byumba. Ntibyatinze bibarutse ubwa mbere abana b’impanga ari bo: Semanywa na Keza. Babareze bibabaje kandi biteye agahinda, kuko batasibaga kurwana kubera ubusinzi bwa buri munsi. Wasangaga Ntambara na Nyiranuma baramukira mu kabari kari hafi y’ishuri, abana babo bigagaho. Guteka byabaga rimwe ku munsi nabwo nijoro. Akenshi abana baryamaga batariye, maze bwacya bakarwanira mu nkono batabanje no kwikiza ubutuna.
Igihe cy’amanywa, abana babo bavaga ku ishuri nakajya mu ngo za rubanda, rimwe bakabaha ibyo kurya, ubundi bakabibima. Koko rero “ntarutamburira imfusha”. Umunsi umwe haguye imvura y’amahindu, Semanywa na Keza bavuye ku ishuri, kuko nta rufunguzo bari bafite, bugama munsi y’igiti cyari ku irembo ry’iwabo.
Muri iyo mvura, nibwo Keza yafatwaga n’umusonga ariko Semanywa ntiyabimenya agira ngo ni ugukina. Uko amasaha yagendaga akura, ni na ko yarushagaho kuremba, maze atangira kubwira umuvandimwe we ko apfuye. Ubwo Semanywa ahuruza abaturanyi ngo bamujyane kwa muganga. Bamwe bumva umwana bwangu, ariko abandi basa n’ababyirengagije. Bakiri muri izo mpaka, hatunguka Cyubahiro na Kamariza, babona umwana yarembye maze batumiza ipikipiki bamujyana kwa muganga. Bamugejejeyo, batinze kumwakira kuko nta n’ubwishingizi mu kwivuza bagiraga. Muganga aramusuzuma maze ababwira ko hasigaye akuka gake. Koko bidatinze Keza araca.
Inkuru y’inshamugongo ihita ikwira hose ko umwana wa Ntambara na Nyiranuma yitabye Imana. Abantu barababara cyane kubera ko Keza yazize uburangare bw’ababyeyi. Imihango yo gushyingura iba bose bacitsemo igikuba. Bashinjaga Ntambara n’umugore we urupfu rw’umwana wabo kuko impanga ye yari yabibasobanuriye. Nyiranuma we amarira yari yose, bamwe bakamuhoza abandi bakamuha inkwenene. Ubwo abahacaga bose bifataga ku munwa.
Nuko ishyingura rirangiye, Cyubahiro yahise asaba ijambo, aravuga ati: “Ibi bikwiye gusubirwamo, abantu bakibutswa inshingano zabo, haba mu ngo ndetse n’ahandi”. Nibwo basabye umuhuzabikorwa w’umurenge gutumiza inama y’ikubagahu ngo bafatire ibintu mu maguru mashya. Muri iyo nama, Cyubahiro na Kamariza bahawe umwanya basobanurira abantu ibintu byinshi bamaze kugeraho kuko bari bamaze kubazwa ibanga bakoresha. Banababwiye n’ibyo bateganya kugeraho, mu minsi iri imbere, ariko kandi ko ibyo byose babigezwaho n’ubwumvikane no kujya inama ku bibazo byabangamira umuryango. Ibinaniye umwe undi akabikora. Nubwo bari mu bwirabure, ntibyatumye abaturage bihanganira kubaha amashyi y’urufaya. Abari aho batahana ingamba nshya cyanecyane ko bibazaga icyo bakora ngo batere imbere. Nyiranuma na Ntambara bahise basaba abaturage bose imbabazi ndetse bazisaba n’Imana, bafata ikemezo
cyo gusenyera umugozi umwe. Wumvaga bamwe hirya bavuga ngo:“Harakabaho Cyubahiro na Kamariza”; abandi ngo: “Izina ni ryo muntu!”
I. Ibibazo byo kumva no gusesengura umwandiko
1. Ni iki Kamariza na Cyubahiro bakoze ngo barwanye ubukene ?
2. Ni ikihe gikorwa cy’ubutwari Nyiranuma na Ntambara bakoze imbere y’abaturage bagenzi babo?
3. Imibereho ya Cyubahiro na Kamariza bayikeshaga iki abantu batari bazi?
4. Andika ingingo z’ingenzi n’iz’ingereka tubona muri uyu mwandiko.
5. Ushingiye ku mutwe w’uyu mwandiko tanga urundi rugero rw’abantu uzi bahinduye imibereho yabo n’uko babigenje.
6. Ni irihe somo ry’ubuzima bwa buri munsi wakwigira kuri iyi miryango yombi?
II. Ibibazo by’inyunguramagambo
1. Sobanura aya magambo:
a) Uburinganire
b) Ubwuzuzanye
c) Inkwenene
d) Ubutuna
e) Ikubagahu
f) Gutera utwatsi
2. Simbuza amagambo atsindagiye ayo bivuga kimwe ari mu mwandiko:
a) Kamariza afatanya n’umugabo we mu kuzuza inshingano zo kurera abana bibarutse.
b) Umutegarugori utiyubashye usanga rubanda bamuseka cyane.
c) Afite agahinda ku buryo no kugira icyo ashyira ku munwa byamunaniye.
d) Yagiye shishi itabona nta cyo atubwiye ku byabaye ku baturanyi be.
3. Andika amagambo ari mu mwandiko asobanura atya:
a) Ukuba ikintu kigeze mu ididaniro.
b) Gushakira umugore ku wundi.
c) Gukora iyo bwabaga, uko ushoboye kose.
4. Koresha amagambo akurikira mu nteruro ukurikije inyito afite mu mwandiko:
a) Umuganji
b) Gutera utwatsi
c) Kubaha urw’amenyo
a) Kurenga inkombe.
I. Ibibazo ku kibonezamvugo
Tahura ubwoko bw’amazina y’urusobe akurikira, ugaragaze uturemajambo twayo n’amategeko y’igenamajwi: nyogokuru, mabukwe, Nyirinkwaya, sobuja, Sebatunzi, Nyirabizeyimana, Rwankubebe, Nyirarunyonga, Ikoranabuhanga, Amajyambere.
a) Nyogokuru
b) Mabukwe
c) Nyirinkwaya
d) Sobuja
e) Sebatunzi
f) Nyirabizeyimana
g) Rwankubebe
h) Nyirarunyonga
i) Ikoranabuhanga
j) Amajyambere