English

Oral activity

What is an offence?
How do we know that a person has committed an offence?

4.1 Describing people

Listen carefully as your teacher reads the words below.
Do you know what they mean?

caring               charming          considerate     excitable             faithful                 funny                kind
pleasant              polite                sincere            thoughtful          honest            hardworking

Use a dictionary or the Internet to find out the meaning of each word. Make sentences using the words above.

Activity 2

1. The following words describe bad behaviour. Find them in the crossword puzzle.

rude                     bossy           fussy
picky                    manic          aggressive
grumpy                 lazy

2. Use a dictionary or the Internet to find and write down the meaning of each word.

Activity 3

Listen carefully as the teacher reads the passage below. Answer the questions that follow.
Behaviour

Behaviour is the way someone acts or behaves towards other people.
We can use behaviour to describe people. For example, someone can be honest, hardworking, generous, sympathetic, and so on. The story below talks about Kamana.
Kamana lives in Bugesera. He has a big farm. He plants many different types of fruits on his farm. The farm employs many people from the neighbouring village.

All his children are grown ups. But there are always children running around in Kamana’s compound. Kamana takes care of all the orphans in the village.
Because of his hard work, Kamana has been elected as a leader in the local sector. He spends most of his free time talking to young people about life.

Questions
a) How has Kamana been described?
b) How can young people benefit from listening to their elders?
c) In pairs, describe famous people in your community.

Activity 4

1. Read, discuss and answer the questions about the passage below.

Present your answers to the class.
Uwamahoro was sent to the shop by her mother. She was given 2000Rwf to buy a kilogram of sugar. The shopkeeper gave her a balance of 1700Rwf instead of 1300Rwf. She counted the money and realised that she had been given too much. She decided to return the extra amount of 400Rwf. The shopkeeper was very pleased with her. She gave Uwamahoro a sweet.

Questions
a) What was Uwamahoro doing in the shop?
b) What mistake did the shopkeeper make?
c) How much does a kilogram of sugar cost in the shop?
d) Describe Uwamahoro. Use appropriate adjectives.

2. Read the short description of Eric below.
Eric is my best friend. I like him because he is honest. He never cheats people or tells lies. He is also very hard working in class. He greets teachers whenever he meets them.
In pairs, take turns describing your friend.

Exercise 1

Follow the example in the table below with sentences that describe people’s behavior and expand it up to six people. (Good is for positive and bad is for negative. One example has been done for you).

4.2 Describing social behavior

Activity 1

Talk about things we should or should not be or do. Fill your answers in the table below. Make a presentation in class.

Activity 2

Read the passage below and then answer the questions that follow.

                                                    Avoid peer pressure

Teacher Murenzi was having a class discussion with his Primary Six class. They were talking about unacceptable behaviour in society.
“What are some of the things that people do that you do not like?”he asked.
“I do not like it when people smoke near where I am,” answered Immaculate.
“I hate young boys and girls who take drugs and drink beer,” said Tom.

“What do you think causes young people to do that?” Teacher Murenzi asked.
“I think it is because of peer pressure,” said Chantal.
“Very true, Chantal,” Teacher Murenzi answered. “Most young people are forced to do bad things because they want to have friends. You shouldn’t smoke, take drugs or drink because your friends are doing it.”
“Teacher, I have a question,” said Amos.
“Go ahead and ask, Amos.”

“People in our estate gamble and bet a lot. Is it okay?”
“Good question, Amos. Gambling and betting can be addictive. We should not take part in any activity that can be addictive,” said Teacher Murenzi.
Questions
a) Which unacceptable behaviours did the pupils talk about?
b) What did Chantal say was the cause of young people drinking and taking drugs?

c) Which problems are experienced in the estate where Amos stays?
d) How can we overcome bad social behaviour?
e) What lessons do you learn from this passage?

Activity 3

Describe the kind of unacceptable social behaviour experienced in your community. Present your answer to the whole class.

For example

A pupil could say,“In my sector, people take a lot of drugs. They drink heavily”.

4.3 Giving opinions on social behavior

Activity 1

1. What do you think about the following?
a) Children who do not want to go to school.
b) Parents who use their money on alcohol but do not take their children to school.
c) Classmates who make a lot of noise in class.
d) Learners who do not obey school rules.
e) People who do not apologise when they make mistakes.

2. Use any one of the following starters to give your answer:
a) In my opinion -------------------------
b) I think that .---------------------------
c) I don’t think that --------------------

Grammar point

Remember, we use modal verbs with other verbs to express ability, obligation, and possibility among others.

For example

could, should, must, shouldn’t, may might, wouldn’t, mustn’t

When giving our views on social behaviour, we can use the modal verbs as seen below.

1. People should drink responsibly.(in support)

2. People shouldn’t take drugs. They are harmful. (we disagree with the social behaviour)

Activity 2

Discuss and come up with your opinions about good social behaviour. Use should for good social behaviour. And shouldn’t for social behaviours that are not good. Read the sentences to the class.

Exercise 2

Choose the correct modal verb to complete the passage below. Present your work to the class.

People...…………….. learn to be responsible citizens. Drinking too much
......…......……...put one’s life in danger. You...……….. also get arrested for
smoking in public places if the new law is passed. Although the police
issued a warning to the public, many people...……….. not understand
how disobeying orders...……………. make them end up in prison.

4.4 Making school rules

Activity 1

1. What are school rules?
2. Research and write down your school rules.
3. Who ensures that your school rules are followed?

For example

Activity 2

Your teacher will provide you with copies of your school’s rules and regulations. One pupil will read the rules aloud in class.
Design a poster of your school rules. Rewrite the rules that have been read as a guide.
Use we must -------------------------(for the Dos).
We mustn’t ----------------------------(for the Don’ts).

Activity 3

Hold a class exhibition on the rules that you made. The head teacher will be the guest of honor.

You will take turns to explain to him or her the importance of having such rules.

4.5 Describing laws

Activity 1

Discuss the meaning of the words below.

Activity 2

Use the new words in Activity 1 above to make correct laws.

Activity 3

Use modal verbs to write five laws.

4.6 Describing punishment

Activity 1

1. Use a dictionary or the Internet to find the meaning of each word below.

offender,        fine,         arrest,        punish,       imprison,        disobey,       break,        licence,         valid

2. Make correct sentences using the words above.

Activity 2

Study the table below. Discuss and complete sentences in column A by choosing the best answers from Column B. Write them down and present your answers to the class.

Activity 3

Study the consequences of breaking laws as provided below. Complete their ‘if’’ clauses and present to the class.

Activity 4

Write a brief story about someone you saw being arrested.
In your story, include:
a) Law or laws that the person being arrested broke
b) The punishment given for breaking that law
Read your story to the class.

Activity 5

Read the text below on laws and the punishment given by the police. Answer the questions that follow. Present your work to the class.

Questions
a) What is the meaning of:
      – law                        – punishment
b) If you were a police officer, which of the above laws would be the most important to you?

 Give reasons for your answer.
c) What other roles do the police play apart from keeping people safe on the road?

Exercise 3

Construct five sentences about the punishment one would get after breaking any of the laws above. Use the first conditional “if". For example, If you drive for more than 60 km/hr., you will pay a fine of 30,000Rwf.

Sounds and Spelling

Activity 1

Listen as your teacher dictates words and sentences. Write them down in your exercise books.

Activity 2

Re-arrange the letters to form correct words used to describe behaviour.

Look up their meaning and correct pronunciation in the dictionary.

restar   …………….             gsudr  ………..                      ripons……...

holcalo  ……………             teals...……….

Riddle

I am the only place that loves bad people. When they come to my home I make them work for many hours.

If they don’t want to stay, they must pay a fine. What am I?

Debate

Organize a class debate on the motion: Smoking in public should be abolished. Let one side bet affirmative and the other negative.

                                          Unit 4 Assessment

1. Discuss how you would describe a pupil who makes a lot of noise while the teacher is in class, does not want to respect teachers, doesn’t follow school rules and abuses and fights fellow pupils.

2. Describe the kind of social behaviour you see in your community.

a) Write three sentences that discourage bad behaviour using shouldn’t.

b) Write three sentences that support good behaviour using should.

3. a) List the laws of Rwanda that you know. Read your work in class.

b) Describe what would happen to people who break such laws.

4. Make rules for your class. Present in class.

5. Write a speech that talks about the importance of obeying school rules.

6. Suggest ways for young people to stay away from bad behaviour.

7. Discuss the topic:The government should stop the production of alcohol. Do you agree? Give your views.