UNIT 4: BASKETBALL
Key unit competence: Perform basketball techniques and tactics in thegame situation adhering to rules of the game.
4.1. Prerequisite (knowledge, skills, attitudes and values)
Student teachers of year 3 will learn better techniques and tactics in the
basketball game situation adhering to rules of the game if they have developedbasic techniques and tactics of basketball learned in year 1, year 2.
4.2. Cross-cutting issues to be addressed
• Gender
In teaching and learning process, the tutor must prepare and provide
basketball activities that engage both girls and boys equally in exploiting their
full potential and basketball talents without any discrimination or prejudice.
• Inclusive education
The tutor as a facilitator he/she must consider different special education
needs and select activities to adapt his teaching approaches to student
teachers. This creates a positive attitude and helps all student teachers toparticipate actively and develop their competence levels.
• Financial education
The tutor should integrate Financial Education into his teaching/learning
activities by providing the local and no cost teaching material where is possible.
He/she must encourage student teachers to make their own materials that
can help them to develop competences not only in basketball game but also
in their daily life.
• Standardization culture
The tutor must choose and select the standardized materials to use in his/her
teaching/learning process of basketball. It is necessary to provide appropriate
materials required to the levels of student teachers and help them to develop
culture of checking and using the quality of materials for the competitions
before using them in order to prevent injuries or other case of accidents.
• Environment and sustainability
The tutor should provide materials and deliver the lesson by encouraging
student teachers to protect the environment and well use of materials. The
tutor helps them to develop the spirit of keeping safe the environment in
which they use in sport activities by avoiding leaving waste on it.
• Peace and values education
The tutor helps student teachers to develop fair play and social values by
avoiding violence and conflict in the basketball game and by setting clear and
relevant instructions. He/she should provide the activities that help student
teachers to develop their competence peacefully.
• Comprehensive sexuality education
The tutor provides basketball activities and sets instructions that prevent
sexual harassment, any kind of gender-based violence like sexual abuse and
physical contacts oriented to the sexuality intention.
• Genocide studies
While conducting basketball lesson, a tutor should take a time to explain
student teachers how sports should be used to fight against Genocide
ideology and how to prevent it. For example, to organize Genocide memorial
tournaments at school and give the message related to the fighting against
Genocide
4.3. Guidance on introductory activity
Before introducing the lesson of this unit, you must introduce the whole unit. The
tutor as a guide, facilitator and expert, asks questions and provides activities related
to rules of the game of basketball to be applied during performing techniques and
tactics in the game situation in order to help them to predict what to be learnedin the whole unit.
4.4. List of lessons/sub-heading
Lesson 1: Recall on basketball techniques and tactics in the game
situation
a) Learning objective
Overview and perform techniques and tactics in the game situation.
b) Teaching resources
Balls, playground, whistle, watch, cones, chasubles, rim and posts.
c) Prerequisites/Revision/Introduction
Student teachers of year 3 will recall techniques and tactics used in playing
basketball game if they have developed basic techniques of playing basketball
in year 1 and year 2.
d) Learning activities
Opening discussionss
• Ask questions related to basketball techniques and tactics in the game
situation learned in previous levels.
• Let student teachers present their findings and introduce the new lesson.
• Invite student teachers to start warm up exercises.
Warm up exercises and cool down description
• Let student teachers perform general warm up exercises and specific warm
up based on the most body’s parts to be used while performing basketball
techniques and tactics and stretch their muscles properly.
• One student teacher can lead warm up and stretching exercises
e) Lesson development
Form groups of five student teachers for each one based on the number of
student teachers who are in a class; two groups enter on the court, request
players to take their positions based on tasks to accomplish during performing
game situation, let them play a normal basketball game in 5minutes by using
techniques and tactics used in playing.
Task/Activity 1
Teaching and learning points to consider
• During game situation, the tutor should observe the following:
–– How student teachers are performing techniques learned in Year 1 and
tactics learned in Year 2.
–– How student teachers are performing different movement on the court,
how they are taking right positon on the right time for receiving and
passing the ball.
–– After five minutes tutor should change groups and let other groups,
enter on the court.
–– Student teachers who are not performing on the court should observe
and records some fouls, which are being committed by the players on
the court.
• The tutor should act as a referee and explain to the player who commitsfouls before sanctioning him/her.
Application activities
Form teams of 2 vs 2, 3 vs 3, 4 vs 4 or 5 vs 5. Let student teachers play
basketball by applying techniques and tactics in the game situation during
10 minutes, on the appropriate court according to the number of players and
available materials. The winner is the team, which applied more techniques andtactics than other did.
Cool down exercises
• Let student teachers do light exercises and stretch their group of muscles
by insisting on most used parts.
• Randomly, one of student teachers leads cool down exercises.
• Guide them while stretching their muscles systematically.
• Help them/demonstrate/correct where is necessary.
Closing discussion
Reflect
–– What are challenges/benefits did you face while playing basketball?
–– How did you proceed in order to win the match? What are causes of
loosing the game?
Connect
–– What are the importance of combining techniques and tactics in playing
basketball game?
Apply
–– What is the usefulness of techniques and tactics in basketball game
situation?
–– How will you use those skills of playing basketball in your daily life?
Lesson 2: Rules of the game
a) Learning objective
Explain and recognize rules of the game of basketball.
b) Teaching resources
Balls of basketball, hard/soft copy of basketball rules of the game, computer,
projector.
c) Prerequisites/Revision/Introduction
Student teachers of year 3 will learn better rules of the game of basketball if
they have performed basic techniques and tactics of playing basketball in year
1 and year 2.
d) Opening activities
• Ask questions related to fouls that they have found during playing game
situation of basketball in the lesson 1.
• Let student teachers answer asked questions and support them where is
necessary.
• Student teachers form six groups and give questions to discuss in eachgroup as seen in the following table.
• Pass though groups and help them where is necessary. Request student
teachers to choose a secretary to record findings and group representative
who will present their findings.
• Request group representative to present their findings. During presentation
group members may intervene where is necessary.
• After presentation of all groups, use a projector to recap presentations,
show them fouls, and misconduct and hand signals to use while officiatingin volleyball.
Application activity
Let student teachers show different hand signals used in basketball game andinterpret their meaning.
Signs used in officiating basketball game
Lesson 3: Playing basketball game adhering to rules of the game
a) Learning objective
Recognize and apply official rules of the game of basketball in the game
situation
b) Teaching resources
Balls used in basketball game, court for basketball, whistle, watch, chasubles,
score sheet, protective equipment (if available), ring (rim) and posts.
c) Prerequisites/Revision/Introduction
Student teachers of year 3 will interpret and apply rules of game of playing
basketball in game situation if they have learned techniques and tactics of
playing basketball game in year 1, and year 2.
d) Learning activities
Opening discussions
• Ask questions related to the application of basketball rules in game
situations.
• Let student teachers present their findings and introduce the new lesson.
• Invite student teachers to start warm up exercises.
Warm up exercises and cool down description
• Let student teachers perform general warm up exercises and specific warm
up based on the most body’s parts to be used while playing basketball and
stretch their muscles properly.• One student teacher can lead warm up and stretching exercises.
e) Lesson development
Points to consider during this game situation
• Time for playing for each match: 6minutes
• The winner is the team, which will gain many points in those three matches.
• Choose one student teacher to lead cool down and invite them to start after
game situation discussion.
• Start by giving time group A, B then C to share what they have recorded
based on rules of the games, decisions taken by officials, effectiveness
of hand signals used, and how officials are taking positions and their
movement during the match. Support them to clarify some rules of the
game where is necessary.
• Close the lesson by asking some questions on what they have beendiscussed.
Application activities
Form teams of 2 vs 2, 3 vs 3, 4 vs 4, 5 vs 5. Let student teachers play
basketball adhering to rules of the game on the appropriate court and choose
their own officials to lead the match. The winner is the team that committedless fouls than others commit and gained more points in a given period.
4.5. Summary of the unit
This unit comprises the offensive and defensive techniques and tactics of
basketball in the game situations adhering to rules. It describes the rules of the
game of basketball. It provides time for playing basketball game adhering to rules
and helping student teachers to develop their knowledge and competences inbasketball.
4.6. Additional Information for tutors
Playing court
The playing court shall have a flat, hard surface free from obstructions with
dimensions of 28 m in length by 15 m in width measured from the inner edge of the
boundary line. The centre circle shall be marked in the centre of the playing court
and have a radius of 1.80 m measured to the outer edge of the circumference.
The free-throw semi-circles shall be marked on the playing court with a radius of
1.80 m measured to the outer edge of the circumference and with their centersat the mid-point of the free-throw lines.
Scoring
To shoot the basketball through the hoop as often as possible:
–– Each time this happens, 2 points will be added to your team’s score.
–– 3 Points will be awarded if the basketball is shot from outside the threepoint
line.
–– 1 point will be awarded if the basket is shot from the free-throw line.
Players
Each team has a maximum of five players on the court at any time. Substitutes
are made by the Coach to replace players on the court. They are substituted or
subbed-off. This can only be done at certain times in the game and the refereewill let you know when it is OK. This can take place as often as the coach likes.
The control of the ball
The team who has control of the basketball is on offence. The team without
the ball is on defence. Both parts of the game are equally important. Teams on
defence are trying to stop the offence from shooting a hoop. The defence should
always try to stay between the basket and the players they are guarding. There
are two ways for the ball to be moved up the court on offence by dribbling the ball
that is by bouncing the ball with one hand only on it, or by passing it to another of
your team members. Passing is a lot faster and ensures all team members enjoy
the fun of the game. While stationary (not passing or dribbling) the player holding
the ball must always keep one of their feet on the floor, this is called the pivot foot.
Players can only lift their foot if they wish to dribble, pass or shoot the ball.
The pivot foot can twist but must remain in contact with the floor and in the same
place. If players move their foot/feet without dribbling, passing or shooting, they
are penalized and the ball given to the other team, this is called travel. The ball
must stay within the court of play (inside sidelines and baselines); otherwise, it
goes to the other team. No player may contact an opposition team member; this
is called a foul. If a foul takes place while a player is shooting for a basket, the
shooter is given free shots from the free-throw line. If a player receives five fouls
during a game, they must leave the court and can take no more part in the game.
Equipment
The following equipment shall be required:
–– Backboards, baskets comprising (pressure release) rings and nets,
backboard support structures including padding.
–– Basketballs, game clock, scoreboard , shot clock , stopwatch or suitable
(visible) device (not the game clock) for timing time-outs , 2 separate
distinctly different and loud signals, one of each for the shot clock operator,
scorer/timer. Score sheet, player foul markers, team foul markers, alternatingpossession arrow, playing floor, playing court and adequate lighting.
Duration
Generally in junior competition a game is made up of two halves (usually 18 or 20
minutes each half). For seniors the game is made up of 4 quarters of 10 minutes
for each one.
Timeouts
A coach can stop the game to talk to their players; usually a coach can call two
times outs in the first two quarters and three time outs in the two last quarters.
Rebounding
Players should assume that every basket shot would miss. Getting possession of
the ball after a missed shot is called a rebound. When two players get possession
of the ball at the same time, this is called a jump ball. A jump ball starts thebeginning of a game and after half time.
Fouls and Violations
Fouls
• Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact
such as hitting, pushing, slapping, holding, illegal pick/screen.
• Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then
he gets two free throws if his shot doesn’t go in, but only one free throw if his
shot does go in. Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while
shooting for a three-point goal and they miss their shot. If a player is fouled
while shooting a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one free
throw. Thus, he could score four points on the play.
–– Inbounds: If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the
foul was committed upon. They get the ball at the nearest side or baseline,
out of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court.
–– Two free throws: If the team committing the foul has more than four fouls
during a quarter, the player who is fouled is awarded two three throws. He
makes his first shot, and then he is awarded another free throw.
–– Charging: An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or
runs over a defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was
committed upon.
–– Blocking: illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not
establishing position in time to prevent an opponent’s drive to the basket.
–– Flagrant foul: Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting,
kicking, and punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the
offense retaining possession of the ball after the free throws.
–– Intentional foul: When a player makes physical contact with another
player with no reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for
the officials.
–– Technical foul: A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does
not involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the manners of
the game. Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing
can be considered a technical foul, as can technical details regardingfilling in the scorebook improperly or dunking during warm-ups.
Violations
–– Walking/Traveling: Taking more than a step and a half without dribbling
the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot foot once you have stopped dribbling
is traveling.
–– Carrying/palming: When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far
to the side of or, sometimes, even under the ball.
–– Double Dribble: Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the
same time or picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double
dribble.
–– Held ball: Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession
of the ball at the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent
tussle, the referee stops the action and awards the ball to one team or the
other on a rotating basis.
–– Goaltending: If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it is on the
way down toward the basket, while it is on the way up toward the basket
after having touched the backboard, or while it is in the cylinder above the
rim, it is goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive
player, it is a violation and the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a
throw-in.
–– Backcourt violation: Once the offense has brought the ball across the
mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession. If
they do, the ball is awarded to the other team to pass inbounds.
–– Time restrictions: A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds
to pass the ball. If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other
team. Other time restrictions include the rule that a player cannot have the
ball for more than five seconds when being closely guarded and, in some
states and levels, shot-clock restrictions requiring a team to attempt a
shot within a given period.
The officials
–– The officials shall be an umpire(s) 1or 2. They shall be assisted by the
table officials and by a commissioner, if present.
–– The table officials shall be a scorer, an assistant scorer, a timer and a shot
clock operator.
–– The commissioner shall sit between the scorer and the timer. His primary
duty during the game is to supervise the work of the table officials and to
assist the crew chief and umpire(s) in the smooth functioning of the game.
–– The officials of a given game should not be connected in any way with
either team on the playing court. The officials, the table officials and the
commissioner shall conduct the game in accordance with these rules and
have no authority to change them.
–– The officials’ uniform shall consist of an officials’ shirt, long black trousers,
black socks and black basketball shoes. The officials and table officialsshall be uniformly dressed.
4.7. End unit assessment
Tutor divide student teachers into groups of six including two umpires, scorer,
an assistant scorer, a timer and a shot clock operator. After dividing student
teachers into their respecting groups, set the order on which groups will lead
the game, request the first group to start the match. Ask other remaining
student teachers to form two teams of five players for each one. Let the match
start, change groups which is officiating after five minutes. Officials become
players to replace those who are becoming officials.
–– During performing officiating for each group, observe how each student
teacher is accomplishing given tasks and roles.
–– Records their performance in order to give them feedback at the end ofthe exercise.
4.8. Additional activities
4.8.1. Remedial activities
Distribute balls to student teachers for regular familiarization with the ball focusingon techniques of playing basketball in small groups and in a full team.
4.8.2. Consolidation activities
Participate in competitions between small groups and choose their own officialsto lead the matches and make record of performance for different groups.
4.8.3. Extended activities
Organize basketball competition between classes for forming school teams and
participate in interclasses and friendly matches. Let student teachers officiates
matches. Encourages student teachers to exploit updated rules of the game ofbasketball regularly.